7. The straight line y = x + 2 cuts the circle x2 + y 2 = 20 at P and Q.

a) Calculate the coordinates of P and Q.

b) Determine the length of P Q.
c) Determine the coordinates of M , the mid-point of chord P Q.
d) If O is the centre of the circle, show that P Q OM .
e) Determine the equations of the tangents to the circle at P and Q.
f) Determine the coordinates of S, the point where the two tangents intersect.
g) Show that P S = QS.
h) Determine the equations of the two tangents to the circle, both parallel to
the line y + 2x = 4.
8. More questions. Sign in at Everything Maths online and click Practise Maths.
Check answers online with the exercise code below or click on show me the answer.
1. 296N
7. 296V

2. 296P

3. 296Q

4. 296R

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7.4

5. 296S

6. 296T

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Summary

EMCHX

See video: 294R at www.everythingmaths.co.za

B(x2 ; y2 )

M (x; y)

0
A(x1 ; y1 )

C(x2 ; y1 )

AB 2 = AC 2 + BC 2

Theorem of Pythagoras:
Distance formula:

AB =

Gradient:

mAB =

Mid-point of a line segment:

Points on a straight line:

(x2 x1 )2 + (y2 y1 )2
y2 y1
x2 x1

M (x; y) =

or

mAB =

y1 y2
x1 x2

x1 +x2 y1 +y2
; 2
2

mAB = mAM = mM B

Chapter 7. Analytical geometry

305