21.

69: a)

+
=

+
=
2 2 2
0
2
0
2
0
) 1 (
1
) 1 (
1
4
1
) ( 4
1
) ( 4
1
a x a x a
qQ
x a
qQ
x a
qQ

F
q

. 4
4
1
.)) . . 2 1 ( . . . 2 1 (
4
1
3
0
2
0
2
0
x
a
qQ
a
x
a
qQ
a
x
a
x
a
qQ

F
q

= +
But this is
the equation of a simple harmonic oscillator, so:
.
2
1

2
3 2 3
0
3
0
a m
kqQ
a m
qQ

f
a m
qQ
f = = = =
b) If the charge as place! on the y"a#is there oul! be no restoring force if
q
an!
Q
ha! the same sign. It oul! mo$e straight out from the origin along the y"a#is, since
the x"components of force oul! cancel.