21.98: a) E x = E y , and Ex = 2 Elengthof w irea , charge Q = 2 , w here
4πε0 x x 2 + ( a ) 2 2 a 2Q 2Q x= ⇒ Ex = − , Ey = − . 2 πε 0 a 2 πε 0 a 2 b) If all edges of the square had equal charge, the electric fields would cancel by symmetry at the center of the square.