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Physical Milestones
In the fourth to eighth month of infancy, an
infant begins to develop teeth and their true
eye color is established ( Marotz & Allen,
2013). They are now able to reach for
objects with both hands as well as transfer
those objects from hand to hand. During this
stage of infancy, babies are able to hold their
own bottle, pull themselves into a crawling
position and pick objects up using their
finger and thumb which is known at the pincer
grip (Marotz & Allen 2013).
In the first year of their lives, toddlers
enjoy looking at picture books and
object-hiding activities. Children in this
stage of development begin to
demonstrate an understanding of
functional relationships and gain an
understanding of spatial and form
discrimination (Marotz & Allen, 2013).
By the age of two-years-old, toddlers
are able to use 50 to 300 words and
vocabulary increases continuously
(Marotz & Allen, 2013). Most toddlers
at this age are also able to utter three
and four word statements and realize
that language is effective for getting a
response out of others (Marotz &
Allen, 2013).
Cognitive Milestones
Language Milestones
INFANCY TO TODDLERHOOD DEVELOPMENT
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Social-Emotional Milestones
In the fourth to eight month in infancy,
babies enjoy observing their
surroundings and continually watch
people and activities (Marotz & Allen,
2013). By the twelfth month, toddlers
are able to carry out simple directions
and requests and understand the
meaning of common phrases such as
no and come here (Marotz & Allen,
2013).
By 4 to 6 months, the ability to shift
attention and engage in self-soothing
helps infants control emotion (Berk,
203, pg. 410). By the time the child
reaches two-years-old, his/her ability to
understand language and
representation leads to new ways of
regulating emotion (Berk, 2013).
Self-Regulation Milestones
INFANCY TO TODDLERHOOD DEVELOPMENT