Research Notes

RESEARCH (Kerlinger) systematic, empirical, controlled & critical investigation o a hypothetical

proposition related to nat!ral phenomenon"
#HEN$%EN$N anything that aects h!man lie
o disease, signs & symptoms, proced!res, %&, RNs
H'#$(HES)S ed!cated g!ess, scientiic g!ess, tentative statement o a s!pposed ans*er"
o not +no*n yet i tr!e o alse, right or *rong
RESEARCH , m!st -e cond!cted to airm or deny a hypothesis"
. ma/or Characteristics o a Scientiic Research
0" Systematic ollo* step -y step process" 1r identiication o pro-lem to concl!sion"
2" Empirical proper o-/ective" (o collect data, acts & evidence to s!pport hypothesis"
3" Controlled proper planning4 direction" Research design"
." Critical investigation act inding investigation" (synonym)
#5R#$SE $1 AS)EN()1)C N5RS)N6 RESEARCH
& descriptive p!rpose" 6ain richer amiliarity regarding a phenomena" $-servation" 0778 +no*n to RN"
E e9ploratory p!rpose" :78 still !n+no*n to RN"
E e9perimental p!rpose" #erorm manip!lation" #erorm intervention" ;hat to ind o!t ca!se & eect"
& developmental p!rposes" 1ro improvement o system o care"
1 Nightingale -irthplace" )taly
(raining gro!nd< 6ermany
6reatest contri-!tion< environmental theory & training o RNs in Crimean ;ar
School< St" (homas School o N!rsing
#atient n!rsing oc!s on research
07 %A=$R S(E#S
0" )dentiication or orm!lation o research pro-lem
2" Revie* o related literat!re
3" concept!ali>ation o concept!al4 theoretical rame*or+
." 1orm!lation4 Adapting hypothesis
:" Choosing the appropriate design
?" Choosing sample rom pop
@" Cond!cting inal st!dy or pilot st!dy
A" Collection o data -ase
B" Analysis & interpretation o data -ase
07" &isseminating the concl!sion & recommendation"
#ro-lem< in res reC!ires a sol!tion
So!rces (CD)EN() o good pro-lem
C concepts
D literat!res
) iss!es
E essays
N n!rsing pro-lems
( theories
Char o good pro-lem (6R)1)NS)
6 general applica-ility res!lt sho!ld -e help!l or applica-le to all"
0" -asic4 #re or personal +no*ledge
2" Applied oc!s is solving pro-lems o others
Re researcha-le collecta-le & a-!ndant data
1 easi-le or meas!ra-le
0" time
2" money4 cost
3" participants
." instr!ments
:" e9perience
?" proper ethics o good researcher
) important
N novelty original to avoid plagiarism"
S signiicant
ETHICS OF A PROPER RESEARCHER: (SCIENTIFIC)
S scientific objective alwas (!oo" fait#)
C consent
I inte!$it
E e%&itable (a''$o'$iate ac(nowle"!)ents) liable fo$
N noble Res'ect * basic $i!#ts of $esea$c# sa)'le
T t$&t#f&lness
I i)'o$tance of to'ic to n&$sin! '$ofession
C co&$a!e to loo( fo$ "ata+
Degal o*ner o chart< Hospital
Degal o*ner o data in the chart< #atient
#lagiarism illegal replication< no consent & ac+no*ledge
* $i!#ts of sa)'le, 't
-+ Ri!#t not to be #a$)e"
.+ Ri!#t to self "ete$)ination !et consent / $i!#t to wit#"$aw consent
*+ Ri!#t to '$ivac
-+ anon)it '$ivac of i"entit of info$)ant
.+ confi"entialit na)e !iven b&t '$ivac of info, "ata
Harm that can happen to sample4pt
0" right rom physical , mental & moral harm
2" Right to sel determination
Negligence
0" Commission !naccepta-le in standard o practice
2" $*rission didnEt do anything" No intervention done"
%ental Harm<
0" Assa!lt threatened" %ental ear
2" Assa!lt & Fattery *ith mental ear & physical harm
3" Fattery *ith physical harm"
%oral harm
Slander
$ral deamation
Di-el
Restraint dependent *ith doctors order
physical vest or /ac+et
chemical vali!m
A st!dy in the dierence in the inancial income o 1ilipinos *or+ing in N'C & GC (comparative
& -asic)
Haria-les anything that is s!-/ect t change on manip!lation"
0" )ndependent varia-le target pop!lation )H stim!l!s intervention
2" &ependent varia-le response &H response meas!red
)ndependent varia-le
(stim!l!s)
#lace o *or+
(arget #op!lation
($rganism)
1ilipino RNs
Revie*ers
&ependent Haria-le
(Response)
1inancial income early revie* =an
#avolovian (heory
(S$R) Stim!l!s $rganism Response
)ntervening varia-les comes -et*een independent & dependent
e9" $rganismic varia-le internal actors age, se9, gender, color"
E9traneo!s varia-le e9t inl!ences can -e changed
All!re, citi>enship, ed!cational stat!s
&ichotom!s varia-le 2 choices4 res!lts
E9" %ale or 1emale
#olychotm!s m!ltiple choices4 m!lti varia-les
#reerred ood =apanese, Chinese, 1ilipino, American
Research
0" )dentity #ro-lem
2" #!rpose o-/ective (S%AR()
3" &eine terms
." Revision o terms
S smart
% meas!ra-le
A attaina-le
R realistic
( time -o!nd (limit)
Concept!al deinition dictionary meaning
$perational deinition -ased on !se o research char o pro-lem
(o9ic concept!al *aste prod!cts
$perational very -!sy day or RNs
Revie* o related literat!re
#!rpose< or proper orm!lation o concept!al & theoretical rame*or+"
(heory relationship -et concepts
Concept!al rame*or+" )ll!stration sho*ing relationship -et*een varia-les
#aradigm, diagrammatic presentation 4 ill!stration o concept!al rame*or+"
So!rce o revie* literat!re
0" Concept!al So!rces a!thors & concept!alists ( &$H -oo+, Dippincott, %os-ys)
o or general !se, can -e sold"
2" Research so!rces researchers cant -e sold"
T'es of H'ot#esis:
-+ N011 #'ot#esis (2) no $elations#i'3 no "iffe$ence bet - va$iable to anot#e$
e4+ T#e$e5s no "iff $e!a$"in! '$of O''o$t&nities in 0S / RP
.+ Alte$ative3 si)'le o$ o'e$ational #'ot#esis (6) s#ow a $elations#i' bet - va$iable to anot#e$
e4+ Fili'ino RNs #as )o$e '$of o''o$t&nities &n 0S
*+ co)'le4 #'ot#esis s#ows a $elations#i' bet . o$ )o$e va$iables to anot#e$+
E4+ Fili'ino RNs w#o wo$(e" fo$ 7 $s / 'assin! all C8 tests #ave o''o$t&nities to ac%&i$e sta$tin!
sala$ies3 ins&$ance+
0" &irectional Hypothesis speciies the direction o relationship -et varia-les
E9" 1ilipino RNs *or+ing in 5SA have more pro opport!nities than those in #hil
:" Non directional Hypothesis no speciic direction
(here is a -ig dierence -et*een all 1ilipino RNs *or+ing in the 5SA
: Choosing appropriate design<
, s+eletal rame*or+ o research
Research &esign<
According to application or motive
According to approach
According to data
%ethod !sed applica-le to C!antitative research< s!rvey
Case st!dy oc!s 0 patient only or 0 amily
Research &esign
Application motive Approach &ata
Fasic 4 p!re Applied G!antitative G!alitative
(ma/ority ans*er) acts (single pt)
S!rvey Case st!dy
Non e9perimental
0" $-serve sample s!-/ect, Research has
2" %assive participation
3" &escri-e & record
." Nat!ral setting *here pop e9ists
E9perimental<
0" Active manip!lation treatment or intervention done
2" Active participation to sample pop
3" Controlled setting la- research !nits
(ypes o non e9perimental res design"
0" Historical research design happened in the past
o collect *ritten, p!-lished, circ!lated or archived
o ptEs chart
e9" Health practices d!ring Crimean ;ar
2" E9post 1acto (ater acts) (Retrospective)
o Antecedent acts happened
St!dy a gro!p o people *ho have nat!rally e9perienced a partic!lar phenomena related to a pro-lem & has
something to do *ith present st!dy
o )ntervie* only, no manip!lationI S!-/ect is related to present pro-lem"
3" #rospective oc!sJ !t!re time to loo+ or a data e9isting s!-/ect *ith !t!re happening
1oc!s< *ee+end revie* in pentagon Res!lt< o -oard e9am this coming =!ne
#resent !t!re
." &escriptive no intervention -!t merely o-serve & collect data"
E9" St!dy on a-sentism in St D!+es
St!dy on environmental poll!tion in G!e>on
(ypes<
a") comparative st!dy similarity & dierence o varia-les
e9" Environmental poll!tion -et*een varia-les
-") Correlatonal relationship -et*een varia-les
e9" Environmental poll!tion & increased (F cases
c") Eval!ative eects4 res!lts
e9" Eects o environmental poll!tion
d") S!rvey type data collection -ased on ma/ority res!lt
(ypes or s!rvey research
0" gro!ps small gro!p
2" 1ace to ace method
, can get response4 eed -ac+ right a*ay
-") %ailed s!rvey method
#ro-lemJ data collection
3" (ime orientation
Cross sectional & longit!dinal e9tend period o time"
2 or more K o gro!ps 0 core gro!p4 long term st!dy
!nidentical gro!ps , p!rpose< devEt4 st!dy
, p!rpose< comparison , initial & allo* !p s!rvey
, short term st!dy K o time
Steps in e9perimental type o research design
0" controlled stage discipline4 direction
a controlled gro!p *ill not -e s!-/ective
e9perimental gro!p *ill -e manip!lated
2" Randomini>ation choose yo!r sample -y chance
3" %anip!lation , intervention
." %eas!rements o eect determine the res!lt
G!asi e9perimental, *hen yo! lac+ in steps in e9perimental
#op gro!p *here yo! get yo!r sample
(ypes o sampling
0") #ro-a-ility choose sample -y chance
(ypes o pro-a-ility )ncidental sampling these present in coee shop
a") Simple random sampling eC!al chance4 opport!nity to -e chosen
, done i identical or eC!al ooting
-") Stratiied random sampling create s!-divided pop!lation (divide into . levels in school) or s!-strata
-eore doing randomini>ation
c") Cl!ster random sampling create s!- areas %ND hospitals 5S( 3
rd
loor
d") Systematic random sampling sampling rame
3,777 H)H patients in #hil *rite list o names appearing in pop !ses m!ltiple n!m-er in choosing"
2" Non pro-a-ility sampling not -y chance
, *ith pre,selected gro!p, *ith -raised gro!p, avoritism
a") Accidental or convenience sampling"
Criteria immediate availa-ility4 accessi-ility o sample"
-") #!rposive4 /!dgmental sampling"
, -ased on personal +no*ledge4 ino
e9" Research on prostit!tion
) +no* location o prostit!tion Ermita
#rostit!tion also in #asay & %a+ati
) *ill not choose #asay & %a+ati only
Ermita -eca!se ) have personal ino
c") Sno*-all sampling -ased on last reerral
d") G!ota sampling setting a certain criteria, *ith avoritism *ill choose only *ho he li+es"
Collection o &ata Fase<
, time & -!dget cons!ming @7 A78 time
%ethods o collection o data
0") G!estionnaire so!rce o collection data
, pen & paper type o data
3 %a/or type o G
0" &ichotomasis (2) ans*era-le -y (41, '4N, right or *rong
2" Chec+list style rating scale 0,2,3,.,: poor, air, average" " "
3" %!ltiple choice a) man -) dog c) cat d) all o the a-ove
2") Records easiest get pre e9isting data /o!rnals, essays, doc!ments, ne*spapers
3") )ntervie*er !se oral comm!nication
0" Str!ct!red *ith chec+list ormal
2" Non str!ct!red anything goes ans*er open ended C!estions"
(he sample *ill e9pand on topic researcher *ill illicit ans*ers their AC()HE D)S(EN)N6"
.") o-servation oc!lar approach
0" #articipant /o!rney
2" Non,participant passive o-server -!t !ses tools to determine res!lts o data"
. )ain '$oble)s in colletin! "ata
-+ Hawt#o$ne5s effect '$oble) in e4'e$i)ental "esi!n inacc&$ate "&e to
conscio&sl bein! obse$ve" (PAASC0 acc$e"itation )ana!e)ent (ee's
sc#ool clean befo$e PAASC0A co)es to sc#ool+
.+ Halo Effect s'ecial $elations#i' inacc&$ate "&e bias
, sol!tion o researcher to avoid halo eect do do!-le -lind res method
&o!-le -lind research no -ias or pre/!dice on treatment -lind olded
, gives acc!racy d!e not conscio!s & -iased
Analysis & Dater p!ltation o data phase
, research is orming a -ody o +no*ledge or the p!rpose providing an ans*er
. 9et#o"s in '$esentin! o&$ analsis
-+) :4&antitative &sin! n&)e$ical o$ !$a'#ical '$esentation of answe$
e4+ 7;< of % 7;; Fili'inos beco)es =7< $ic#e$
o or !se pie chart, -ar graph, line graph
2") G!antitive narrative approach !sing *ords (te9t) & acts
e9" %a/ority o all grad!ating st!dents preer to n!rsing co!rse than #(
1EA>ERSHIP
>isse)ination of Fin"in!, Co$e, Reco))en"ations
I)'o$tance of co$e conc is final $es&lt of st&"
How can conc affect ot#e$s $eco))en"ation
9et#o"s of "isse)ination of Fin"in!s, Res&lt
-+ ?oo(
.+ S)'osia o$al
*+ P&blication
1EA>ER will infl&ence
1EA>ERSHIP
S P
T R
- @ O
1 A C .
E !$o&' E
Calle" S
Followe$s S
: goal4 o-/ective patient recipient o care
RNs implementor, assistant to dentist, Not leader
P$inci'les fo$ effective lea"e$s#i'
-+ 0nit of co))an" all will $eceive o$"e$s3 co))an" f$o) n&$se )ana!e$, s&'e$viso$
.+ 0nit of "i$ection w#ole !$o&' lea"e$ /newbo$ns will #ave !oal towa$"s 'atient+
*+ S&bo$"ination of 'e$sonnel to t#e !ene$al inte$est
, save patient 0
st
-eore sel (e9 ire in pt room)
R remove4 resc!e patients
A alert ire alarm
C conine ire in 4 area
E e9ting!ish ire
R r!n
." Esprit de corps team spirit
a!lt o one is a!lt o all
credit o 0 is credit o all
:" Chain o command , hierarchy
#atient reacted to meds given, allergy" )norm %& he *ill give anti,histamine"
)ncident report or p!rpose o ris+ management
, Report o s!dden occ!rrence
, 6o to Head n!rse
#t has appendicitis" #ain in RDG *ho is primarily responsi-le or patient Head n!rse"
HN can delegate to sta n!rse pt died" Head N!rse is lia-le
Command responsi-ility Respondia S!perior
(heories o eective leader"
0" 6reat man theory to -e a good leader, leader m!st -e -orn" Deaders cant -e developed" Some are
-orn a ollo*er"
2" (rait theory -ehavior4 characteristic
# personality
) intelligence
A a-ility
#ersonality
L attit!de4 trait4 +no*s to ad/!st to pt adapta-ility
0" accepta-ility can cope, ad/!st to needs o pt
2" independent
3" creative4 assertive
." advocate
Char o n!rse i yo! are deender o patient against harm4 negligence advocate
)ntelligence proper /!dgment
#roper decision
1l!ency o speech
A-ility inl!ence others most eective *ay to inl!ence pt H) optim!m level o is attain $D1
Command o others
Respect others
#articipate
Cooperate
3" Charismatic theory charm, charisma, inspirational C!ality
." sit!ational theory a person can -e a good leader in 0 sit!ation & a ollo*er in another sit!ation"
Case to case
Adv can get -est person to the /o-
&isadvantage thereEs no contin!ity o leadership
Stles of lea"e$s#i':
0" A!tocratic a!thoritarian, dictatorial, -!rea!cratic traditional or MHard leaderM
, 5nilateral style o n!rsing
, Deader is only 0 perorming *itho!t inp!t rom other sta"
, Not getting opinion, recommendations
Char !nilateral rom style o sta leadership leader does decision ma+ing *itho!t"
A apathy not sensitive
F -oistero!s speech
C consistent
&emanding
E egoistic
1 erocio!s
#!tting sel in shoes o pet recogni>e & sensitive to pt" empathy
Not good style in leadership -!t good in emergency cases" $r d!ring ac!te crisis"
2" Dai>>es 1aire4 1rierein4 Doose
, e9cess reedom 4 or li-erates to mem-ers
, a!thority neglect patients *ill s!er
control malpractice
discipline
3" &emocratic 4 #articipative
, gets inp!t rom mem-ers (decision ma+ing)
, %!t!al participation
, %em-ers ma+es mista+e mem-er *ill get notice4 hearing -eore discipline N d!e process
G!ality4 S+ills4 A-ilities o good n!rsing leader<
A a!thority
F -ehavior
C Comm!nication s+ills
& decision ma+ing
E ethics
1 ace conlict
A a-ility -asis o a leader to !ns!re 4 demand tas+, o-ligation & resp to his s!-ordinates"
2 types
0" Centrali>ed top to -ottom or proper management o *hole hospital
, to pro-lems o *hole instit!tion
2" &eclarali>ed -ottom (delegation)
, to manage directly pts or concerns
F" ?e#avio$ of !oo" n&$se lea"e$:
S s'ecific bo" of (nowle"!e / s(ills to "o safe ca$e to 'atient+ RN s#o&l" be co)'etent wit#
scientific $ationale
P 'atient cette$e", client foc&s
A acco&ntabilit liable fo$ $es&lt of actions
C confi"entialit
E et#ics
8ene$al $&le: RN: can be c#a$!e" wit# :
Invasion of '$ivac3 b$eac# of confi"entialit
E4e)'tion to !en $&le (RN cant be c#a$!e" wit# b$eac# of confi"entialit )
P 'atients consent
I info$), $e'o$t to ot#e$ )e)be$s of HC tea) fo$ '$eca&tiona$ )eas&$e
C co))on "se ($e'o$t) >OH, BHO
C c$i)es wit#in AC# $e'o$t c#il" ab&se
RA *7=* 1aw on notifiable "isease
Bit#in .A# $e'o$t "isease li(e 'olio / )easles
- wee( HID, tetan&s, seve$s ac&te "ia$$#ea
P$io$it fo$ c#il" $a'e se4&al ab&se3 "o)estic ab&se3 all (in"s of ab&se
0" $e'o$t to ba$an!a official
2" $e'o$t to 'olice
3" '$ovi"e safe envi$on)ent foc&s on 't -st $e'o$tin! can be "one wit#in AC#
." call )e" le!al
R&leEE (in o$"e$)
0" S safet
2" R $e'o$t
3" R $efe$$al >SB>3 N8O
C co))&nication s(ills
2 t$ansfe$ of i"eas , info wit# &n"e$stan"in!
Bit#o&t &n"e$stan"in! ba$$ie$, bac(lo!
Sen"e$ )essa!e (i"ea, info w#ic# sen"e$ wo&l" li(e to t$ans)it
Enco"in! ve$bal o$ non ve$bal )et#o"
Receive$ $eci'ient of co))&nication
>eco"in! )anne$ of inte$'$etation afte$ $eceivin! )essa!es
Fee"bac( $es'onse of $eceivin! afte$ inte$'$etin! )essa!es
> "ecision )a(in!
E et#ics
P$inci'le:
-+ A&tono) in"e'en"ent j&"!)ent / "ecision )a(in! w#o s#o&l" "eci"e fo$ ca$e of 'atient+
0" "oc
2" atten"in! 't
3" 't
." $elatives
Pt $ef&ses to $e)ove l&c( b$acelet befo$e s&$!e$ ?t "&e2 Fe#ova#5s witness
0" $es'ect "ecision of 't $es'ect c&lt&$al "ive$sit
2" $efe$ to "oc let "oc e4'lain $is(s involve
3" let 't si!n a wave$
>oct$ine of ass&)'tion o$ $is(
o 't !iven $is(s / si!ne" wave$
o 't will ass&)e all t#e $is(s, "an!e$
Pills
I0> 2 st$in! s#o&l" be c#ec(e" "&$in! / afte$ )ens
>ia'#$a!) $e)ove" afte$ G# To4ic s#oc( sn"$o)e
Dasecto) afte$ . ne!ative s'e$) co&nt3 -
st
is '$obable .
n"
is confi$)ato$
?T1 can "o coit&s anti)e+ B#en 'ain / blee"in! ceases+
P$inci'les in lea"e$s#i'
De$acit t$&t# "on5t !ive false $eass&$ance
2 all )e" '$o!nosis3 "43 se4 of bab !iven b 9>E
?eneficence "oin! !oo" to 't
Non )alefience "o no #a$)
* t'e of #a$)
-+ P#sical ne!li!ence b co))ission 'e$fo$)e" w$on! action
ne!li!ence b o)ission ne!lect of ca$e
.+ 9ental assa&lt )ental t#$eat, fea$
batte$ '#sical #a$)
*+ 9o$al slan"e$ ve$bal
libel w$itten3 '&blis#e" 'ict&$es
Tolalit let 't feel li(e a w#ole bein! even if a 'a$t is $e)ove"+
o offe$ wi!s3 ban"ana CA 't '$ost#esis3 casts3 w,c a)'&tation
>o&ble effect if )a"e to c#oose between . evils3 c#oose t#e one t#at will #ave les ba" effect+ 9o$e
!oo" effect
F&stice of ca$e '$io$it coH I 't #as &ni%&e nee"s+
?asic c#a$ o$ n&$sin! '$ocess
A acce'tance &nive$sable
? base" on 'ts nee"s
C client foc&s
> "na)ic &'"ate n&$sin! '$ocess "e'en"in! on clients nee"s
E e%&itable ca$e
F fa)ilia$it
8 !oal o$iente" towa$" solvin! '$oble)
Inviolabilit of life $es'ect of life ('$o)ote H / '$event "isease)
2 no abo$tionE
Conflict clas# of i"eas $es&ltin! to c$isis
9et#o"s to solve conflict+
A avoi"ance '&ttin! in one co$ne$ "e")a not !oo" )et#o"
S s)oot#in! a''ealin! to conscience, (in"ness
0 &nilate$al fo$ce fea$3 t#$eats co$$ection
N ne!otiation best )et#o" bot# 'a$ties will )&t&all "eci"e / 'a$tici'ate to solve '$oble)+
Ns! )ana!e)ent
9!t 9AN6 TASJ K 8OA1 ('ts)
T#eo$ies:
-+ H&)an $elations t#eo$ )&st foc&s on '$o'e$ $elations#i'
If nee"s '$ovi"e" to )e)be$ ($est "a3 leave)
Ac#ieve)ent of o$!aniHation
.+ F$e"e$ic( Talo$s scientific )!t t#eo$
A t5s
Tao !et $t 'e$son, tao
T$ainin!
Tool
T4
*+ >o&!las 9c8$e!o$ )!t t#eo$ 2
T#eo$ @ T#eo$ L
Positive wo$(e$ Ne!ative wo$(e$
2 efficient 2 inefficient
"ili!ent ne!li!ent
t$&stwo$t# non t$&stwo$t#
$eliable "on5t love job
love t#ei$ job fo$ t#e )one onl
K )ini)al s&'e$vision onl K inc$ease cases of ne!li!ence affectin! 'ts+
K &se coHf I " 'owe$ to "isci'line wo$(e$sA+ 9a4 Bebe$5s b&$oca$atic (a&toc$atic) t#eo$
o w#oeve$ is on to' wo&l" 'e$fo$) )!t f&nctions
o cent$aliHe"
o not !oo" stle of )ana!e)ent
7+ Elton 9ao5s be#avio$al t#eo$
o ove$ti)e 'a3 $est "a3 "a off
o '$ovi"e '#sical nee"s of wo$(e$ li(e $est / $ec$eation
o HABTHORNE5S EFFECT if wo$(e$ (nows t#at t#e a$e bein! obse$ve"3
wo$(e$s will #ave bette$ o&t'&t+
G+ Hen$ Faol5s '$inci'les of )!t
0" 0nit of co))an" one 'e$son !iven inst$&ctions to wo$(e$s
2" 0nit of "i$ection w#ole tea) s#o&l" #ave one !oal3 objective3 "i$ection towa$"s
't+
3" S&bo$"ination 'e$sonal !ene$al inte$est 't -
st
befo$e self
." Es'$it "e co$' tea) s'i$it all (2) / (6) o&t'&t c$e"ite" to t#e !$o&'
:" C#ain of co))an" #eia$c# of co))an"
8et a''$o'$iate o$"e$s f$o) 9>
?" C#annels of co))&nication
9> o$"e$s
SN SN
@" Res'on"ent s&'e$viso$ co))an" $es'onsibilit
2 let )aste$ answe$ fo$ ne!li!ence con"&ct of s&bo$"inate
o liable: bot#
HN liable fo$ "a)a!es "&e $es' s&'e$viso$
SN ne!li!ence 2 jail
0" Sec&$it of ten&$e
2" Re2n&)e$ation of wo$(e$s co)'ensation
o '$obationa$ G )ont#s
o $e!&la$ e)'loee
P$ivate RA AM;- A;< wo$( C# a "a 7 "as a wee(
8ov5t RA =*=7 )a!na ca$ta fo$ '&blic HBo$(e$ -7(
Ove$ti)e K 6 .7<
Ni!#t s#ift "iffe$ential K 6-;<
S'ecial non wo$(in! #oli"a 6 *;<
1e!al Holi"aK L. 6-;;<
Occ&'ational HaHa$" wo$( $elate" "isease
P$ivate SSS e)'loees co)'ensation
8ov5t 8SIS
National #ealt# Ins&$ance Act P#ilHealt#
o P$ovi"e fo$ &ne)'loe", e)'loe"
o Aest#etic3 cos)etic3 "ental not incl&"e"
9ate$nit leave G; "as NS>
=C "as C,S
-
st
A '$e!nancies to le!it s'o&se
A+ Abo$tions 7
t#
'$e!nant 2 / "elive$e" not entitle" to )ate$nit leave
Pate$nit leave = "as
Sta!e, Ste's in n&$sin! )ana!e)ent '$ocess
P 'lannin!
O o$!aniHin!
S staffin!
> "i$ectin!, "ele!atin!
Co coo$"inatin!
Co cont$ollin!, eval
Plannin! sta!e conce't&aliHin!, '$o"&ct of )in", loo(in! at f&t&$e, loo(in! '$os'ectivel
T'es:
Dision w#at o$! li(es to ac#ieve in f&t&$e
E4+ Healt# fo$ all b .;;;
Heat# in t#e #an"s of t#e 'eo'le b .;.;
9ission foc&s in '$esent
2 $eason w# o$! was establis#e"
e4+ >OH to five %&alit #ealt#
P#iloso'# val&es+ ?esi"es o$! ()e)be$s)
8oal !en state)ent of )ission
Objective s'ecific state)ent of )ission
8oal2 n&$sin! fo$) St+ 1&(es s#o&l" '$ovi"e %&alit ca$e to 't
Objective n&$sin! f$o) St 1&(es s#o&l" #ave ID t$ainin! (s'ecific)
Policies set of $&les, $e!&lation of o$!
* t'es of 'lan
-+) S#o$t te$) fo$ eve$ "a o$"ina$ activit
e4+ NCP
.+) Contin!enc 'lan fo$ e)e$!enc o$ ac&te c$isis3 stan" b 'lan
*+) 1on! te$) 'lan "&$ation of ca$e is lin!e$ fo$ c#$onic 'ts+ E4+ CDA 'ts
?&"!etin! 'e$fo$)e" in 'lannin! sta!e
o '$o'e$ allocation of $eso&$ces
o 9one3 )an'owe$3 )ac#ine
0" O'e$ati;nal b&"!et c#ea'est eve$"a o$"ina$ activities (!loves3 !own3 !o!!les
OR3 1R3 >R3ER)
2" Pe$sonal, labo$ b&"!et &se" to co)'ensate / $e2n&)e$ate labo$ )ost i)'o$tant
3" Ca'ital b&"!et lon! te$) &se e%&i')ent
2 9RI e%&i')ent3 be"s
?&"!et as(s NHowN
O$!aniHin! sta!e answe$s t#e %&estion OBHON
N&$se 9!$
RN
S&bo$"inate
Ns! 'e$sonnel n&$se ai"
RN will "o: (fo$ stable / &nstable 't)
A assess)ent
T #ealt# teac#in! w#en best ti)e sta$t "isc#a$!e
E e4'lain '$oc to 't #ealt# teac#in! sta$t "&$in! a")ission of 't
P '$e'a$ation co)'&tation of "osa!e
A a") !ive )e"s o$ t$eat)ent
T t$eat)ent o$al3 ID3 I>
E eval&ation n&$sin! ca$e 'lan
F j&"!)ent PRN )e"s n&$sin! will "eci"e w#en to five
S&bo$"inates can 'e$fo$): (co)fo$t )eas&$es onl not DS)
R $o&tine tas(s stan"a$" '$oce"&$e3 )onito$ I / O a)b&latin!3 bat#in! be" )a(in!
o stable 'ts '$e"ictable o&tco)es
S stable 'ts
S s&'e$vision of RN
Stles, )et#o" "elive$ ca$e
-+ P$i)a$ n&$sin! '$ivate "&t n&$se f$o) a")ission to ",cE
> "i$ect 'lan of ca$e to 't
A active 'a$tici'ation, consent of 't+
9 )!t of ca$e f$o) basic to co)'le4 P> will "o
.A# f$o) a")ission t o "isc#a$!e
ti' K answe$ is '$i)a$ n&$se
.+ F&nctional )ost &sef&l t'e
> "&t tas( - RN all 'atients
O one tas(
H #i!#l $eco))en"e"
RNS b&"!et
*+ Case 9et#o" IC0 c$itical case
$es' fo$: T total ca$e (f$o) basic ca$e to )ost co)'le4)
O one RN: - 'atient
In e4t$e)e cases -:. 'ts
Staffin! sta!e N#ow )anN
2 n&$se )ana!e$ will "ete$)ine co$$ect P of 'atients, RN
Staffin! 'atte$n P#il A;#, w(, 7"
T$a"itional C#,A;#,7"
-;# s#ift -;#, A" 9on"a T#&$s"a
On call e)e$!enc sc#e"&le
?alo$ 'lan 9 F (t$a"itional)
Sat2S&n (s(eletal fo$ce)
>i$ectin!, >ele!ation sta!e job, tas( is "one b anot#e$ 't fo$ o&+
8en $&le: RN can "ele!ate an tas( to anot#e$ RN
E4ce't: "isci'lina$ tas( (t#is is "one b #i!#e$ 'e$son)
: confi"ential tas( (c#a$tin!)
: tec#nical tas( (e4'e$tice s#o&l" be "one b sa)e e4'e$t)
: official )e"ical tas(
Coo$"inatin!, collabo$ation sta!e
0" canne" foo" #i!#est '&$ine content (&$ic)
2" Anc#ovies ne4t #i!#est '&$ine content
-+ Inte$'e$sonal, int$a "e'a$t)ental collabo$ation bet - n&$se to anot#e$ n&$se 2
o &n"e$ - wa$"
o e4+ En"o$se)ent
.+ Inte$"e'a$t)ental collabo$ation between two o$ )o$e #os' fo$ benefit of 't+
B# RN nee"s to collabo$ate to ot#e$s in HC tea)Q
2 't is entitle" to contin&o&s ca$e+
Eval&ation sta!e "ete$)ine w#et#e$3 'lan !oal3 objective w#e$e )et o$ ac#ieve"
T'esN
-+ N&$se $o&n"s . 4 $o&n"s, "a
o s#o$t te$) 'lan
Psc#e wa$" cont$ain"icate" n&$se $o&n"s in 'sc# wa$"
.+ C#ec(list N&$se )!$ eval&ates, $ates )e)be$
*+ 8a) H c#a$t &se" to eval&ate n&$ses 3 )&lti'le 'lan at sa)e ti)e
A+ Pee$ eval&ation co wo$(e$s 'oo$est t'e of eval ca&se )i!#t be effecte" b #alo effect "&e to
s'ecial $elations#i'+
Pe$fo$)ance A''$aisal 't o$ client eval&ates )ost $eliable coH 222222222 o$ ca$e eval&ates+