Oral Reading Fluency Norms

Grades 1-6
Grade Percentile WCPM*
Fall
WCPM
Winter
WCPM
Spring
1 90
th

75
th

50
th
25
th

10
th

81
47
23
12
6
111
82
53
28
15
2 90
th

75
th

50
th
25
th

10
th

106
79
51
25
11
125
100
72
42
18
142
117
89
61
31
3 90
th

75
th

50
th
25
th

10
th

128
99
71
44
21
146
120
92
62
36
162
137
107
78
48
4 90
th

75
th

50
th
25
th

10
th

145
119
94
68
45
166
139
112
87
61
180
152
123
98
72
5 90
th

75
th

50
th
25
th

10
th

166
139
110
85
61
182
156
127
99
74
194
168
139
109
83
6 90
th

75
th

50
th
25
th

10
th

177
153
127
98
68
195
167
140
111
82
204
177
150
122
93
Interpreting screening scores using the ORF norms: Grade 1. In general, first-grade students
who are reading 40 or more WCPM on unpracticed text passages are by the end of the year at low ris
of future reading difficulty, while students below 40 WCPM are at some ris, and students reading below
!0 WCPM are at high ris of failure" We recommend following these guidelines for interpreting first-grade
scores"
#esearch by $ood, %immons, &ame'enui, &aminsi, ( Wallin )!00!*
Interpreting screening scores using the ORF norms: Grades 28. +o determine if a student may
be ha,ing difficulties with reading, the teacher compares the student-s WCPM score to the scores from
that student-s grade le,el at the closest time period. fall, winter, or spring" /n the basis of our field
experiences with interpreting /#0 screening scores, we recommend that a score falling within 10 words
abo,e or below the 20th percentile should be interpreted as within the normal, expected, and
appropriate range for a student at that grade le,el at that time of year, at least for students in grades !3
4"
(source: J. Hasbrouck & G.A. T!"a#$ The Reading Teacher, April, 2006%