Drug Name Amoxil (Amoxicillin)

Dose/ Frequency/ Route 250500 mg, every 8 hours, PO

Classifcation Anti-infective
Antiulcer agents
Mechanism of Action in!s to "acterial cell #all, causing cell
!eath$
Specifc Indication %&in an! s&in structure infections
Otitis me!ia
%inusitis
'es(iratory infections
)enitourinary infections
*n!ocar!itis (ro(hylaxis
Postex(osure inhalational anthrax
(ro(hylaxis
+anagement of ulcer !isease !ue to
,elico"acter (ylori
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity to-
Penicillin
.a"lets for oral sus(ension
(/is(er+ox)
Side !ects %ei0ures (,igh !oses)
/iarrhea
1ausea an! vomiting
2ncrease liver en0ymes
'ashes
3rticaria
loo! !yscrasias
Nursing Responsi"ilities O"serve for signs an! sym(toms of
ana(hylaxis (rash, (ruritus,
laryngeal e!ema, #hee0ing)$ 1otify
health care (rofessional imme!iately
if these occur$
+onitor "o#el function$ /iarrhea,
a"!ominal cram(ing, fever, an!
"loo!y stools shoul! "e re(orte! to
health care (rofessional (rom(tly as
a sign of (seu!omem"ranous colitis$
+ay "egin u( to several #ee&s
follo#ing cessation of thera(y$
Drug Name 4ithromax (A0ithromycin)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 500 mg, once !aily, PO
Classifcation Anti-infective
Mechanism of Action 2nhi"its (rotein synthesis at the level of
the 50s "acterial ri"osome$
Specifc Indication 3((er res(iratory tract infection
5hronic "ronchitis
.onsillitis
6o#er res(iratory tract infection
ronchitis
Pneumonia
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity to-
A0ithromycin
*rythromycin
Other macroli!e anti-infective
Side !ects A"!ominal (ain
/iarrhea
1ausea
Nursing Responsi"ilities O"serve for signs an! sym(toms of
ana(hylaxis (rash, (ruritus,
laryngeal e!ema, #hee0ing) notify
the (hysician imme!iately if these
occur$
Drug Name 5i(ro7oxacin (5i(ro)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 500 mg, every 82 hours, PO
Classifcation Anti-infective
Mechanism of Action 2nhi"it "acterial /1A synthesis "y
inhi"iting /1A gyrase$
Specifc Indication 3rinary tract an! gynaecologic
infections
)onorrhoea
Prostatitis
'es(iratory tract infection inclu!ing
sinusitis
%&in an! s&in structure infections
one an! 9oint infections
2nfectious !iarrhea
2ntra-a"!ominal infections
Perio(erative (ro(hylaxis
,os(ital ac:uire! (neumonia
;e"rile neutro(enia
Post ex(osure treatment of
inhalation anthrax
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity
Side !ects /i00iness
/ro#siness
,ea!ache
2nsomnia
A"!ominal (ain
/iarrhea
1ausea
Ana(hylaxis
Nursing Responsi"ilities O"serve (atient for signs an!
sym(toms of ana(hylaxis (rash,
(ruritus, laryngeal e!ema,
#hee0ing)$
/iscontinue !rug an! notify
(hysician imme!iately if these
(ro"lems occur$
Drug Name /oxycycline (A!oxa)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 200 mg, once !aily, PO
Classifcation Anti-infective
Mechanism of Action 2nhi"its "acterial (rotein synthesis at the
level of the <0s "acterial ri"osome$
Specifc Indication )onorrhoea an! sy(hilis
Prevention of exacer"ation of
chronic "ronchitis
Anthrax
Acne
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity to-
%ome (ro!ucts contain alcohol
Pregnancy
6actation
Side !ects /i00iness
=esti"ular reactions
/iarrhea
1ausea an! vomiting
Photosensitivity
Nursing Responsi"ilities Assess (atient for infection (vital
signs, a((earance of #oun!,
s(utum, urine, an! stool> ?5) at
"eginning of an! throughout
thera(y$
Drug Name 5efuroxime (5eftin)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 250 to 500 mg, every 8 hours, PO
Classifcation Anti-infective
Mechanism of Action in! to "acterial cell #all mem"rane,
causing cell !eath$
Specifc Indication 'es(iratory tract infections
%&in an! s&in structure infection
one an! 9oint infections
3rinary tract an! gynaecologic
infections
+eningitis
Otitis me!ia
Perio(erative (ro(hylaxis
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity to (enicillin
Side !ects /iarrhea (9aun!ice)
1ausea an! vomiting
Pain
Nursing Responsi"ilities O"serve (atient for signs an!
sym(toms of ana(hylaxis (rash,
(ruritus, laryngeal e!ema,
#hee0ing)$
/iscontinue !rug an! notify
(hysician imme!iately if these
(ro"lems occur$
Drug Name Penicillin = (=eeti!s)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 825 to 500 mg, every @ to 8 hours, PO
Classifcation Anti-infective
Mechanism of Action in! to "acterial cell #all, resulting in cell
!eath$
Specifc Indication Pneumococcal (neumonia
%tre(tococcal (haryngitis
%y(hilis
)onorrhoea
2nterococcal infection
Prevention of rheumatic fever
6yme !isease
Contraindications Previous hy(ersensitivity to (enicillin
Side !ects /iarrhea
*(igastric !isease
1ausea an! vomiting
'ashes
Pain
Nursing Responsi"ilities O"serve (atient for signs an!
sym(toms of ana(hylaxis (rash,
(ruritus, laryngeal e!ema,
#hee0ing)$
/iscontinue !rug an! notify
(hysician imme!iately if these
(ro"lems occur$
Drug Name 5larithromycin (iaxin)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 250 mg, every 82 hours, PO
Classifcation Agents for aty(ical myco"acterium
Anti-infective
Anti-ulcer agents
Mechanism of Action 2nhi"its (rotein synthesis at the level of
the 50s "acterial ri"osome$
Specifc Indication 'es(iratory tract infections
%tre(tococcal (haryngitis
%inusitis "ronchitis
Pneumonia
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity to-
5larithromycin
*rythromycin
Other macroli!e anti-infective
Side !ects A"!ominal (ain or !iscomfort
A"normal taste
/iarrhea
/ys(e(sia
1ausea
Nursing Responsi"ilities Assess (atient for infection (vital
signs, a((earance of #oun!,
s(utum, urine, an! stool> ?5) at
"eginning of an! throughout
thera(y$
Drug Name 4aArlu&ast (Accolate)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 20 mg, t#ice !aily, PO
Classifcation Anti-asthmatics
roncho!ilators
Mechanism of Action - in!s to "eta 2 a!renergic
rece(tors in air#ay smooth muscle,
lea!ing to activation of a!enyl
cyclase an! increase! levels of
cyclic-<B, 5B-
a!enosinemono(hos(hate (cA+P)$
- 2ncreases in cA+P activate &inases,
#hich inhi"it the (hos(horylation of
myosin an! !ecrease intracellular
calcium$
- /ecrease! intracellular calcium
relaxes smooth muscle air#ays$
Specifc Indication 6ong-term control agent in the
management of asthma$
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity
6actation
Side !ects ,ea!ache
/i00iness
?ea&ness
A"!ominal (ain
/iarrhea
/ys(e(sia
1ausea an! vomiting
ac& (ain
# $Nursing Responsi"ilities *xten!e! release ta"lets shoul! "e
s#allo#e! #hole> !o not "rea&,
crush, or che#$
Drug Name Al"uterol (Proventil)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 2 to C mg, < to C times !aily, PO
Classifcation roncho!ilators
Mechanism of Action 'elaxation of air#ay smooth muscle #ith
su"se:uent "roncho!ilator$
Specifc Indication 3se! as a "roncho!ilator to control
an! (revent reversi"le air#ay
o"struction cause! "y asthma or
5OP/$
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity to-
A!renergic amines
;luorocar"ons
Side !ects 1ervousness
'estlessness
.remor
5hest (ain
Pal(itations
Nursing Responsi"ilities *xten!e! release ta"lets shoul! "e
s#allo#e! #hole> !o not "rea&,
crush, or che#$
Drug Name 2(atro(ium (Atrovent)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 8 to C inhalations, < to C times !aily,
2nhalation
Classifcation Anti-cholinergic
Mechanism of Action 2nhi"its cholinergic rece(tors in "ronchial
smooth muscle, resulting in !ecrease!
concentrations of cyclic guanosine
mono(hos(hate (c)+P)$
Specifc Indication +aintenance thera(y of reversi"le
air#ay o"struction !ue to 5OP/$
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity to-
2(ratro(ium
Atro(ine
ella!onna al&aloi!s
romi!e
Side !ects /i00iness
,ea!ache
1ervousness "lurre! vision
%ore throat
*(istaxis
1asal !ryness
ronchos(asm
5ough
,y(otension
Pal(itations
Nursing Responsi"ilities Assess for allergy to atro(ine an!
"ella!onna al&aloi!s> (atients #ith
these allergies may also "e sensitive
to i(ratro(ium$
Assess for (eanut or soy allergy
(inhaler contains soy lecithin)$
Assess res(iratory status (rate,
"reathe soun!s, !egree of !ys(nea,
(ulse) "efore a!ministration an! at
(ea& of me!ication$
5onsult (hysician a"out alternative
me!ication if sever "ronchos(asm is
(resent> onset of action is too slo#
for (atients in acute !istress$
2f (ara!oxical "ronchos(asm
(#hee0ing) occurs, #ithhol!
me!ication an! notify (hysician
imme!iately$
Drug Name .riamcinolene (A0macort)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route C0 to 80 mcg, t#ice !aily, 2nhalation
Classifcation Anti-asthmatics
5orticosteroi!s
Mechanism of Action Potent, locally acting anti-in7ammatory
an! immune mo!iAer$
Specifc Indication Asthma (maintenanceD (ro(hylactic>
long-term control)
+ay !ecrease the nee! for systemic
corticosteroi!s an! !elay lung
!amage associate! #ith asthma$
Contraindications %ome (ro!ucts contain-
5hloro7uorocar"on (5;5) (ro(ellants
Alcohol
Pro(ylene
%houl! "e avoi!e! in (atients #ith
&no#n hy(ersensitivity
Side !ects ,ea!ache
/ys(honia
,oarseness
Oro(haryngeal fungal infections
Nursing Responsi"ilities +onitor res(iratory status an! lung
soun!s$
Pulmonary function tests may "e
assessing (erio!ically !uring an! for
several months after a transfer from
systemic to inhalation
corticosteroi!s$
Drug Name 5ef(ro0il (5ef0il)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 250 to 500 mg, every 8 hours, PO
Classifcation Anti-infective
Mechanism of Action in! to "acterial cell #all mem"rane,
causing cell !eath$
Specifc Indication 'es(iratory tract infections
%&in an! s&in structure infections
one an! 9oints infections
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity to-
5e(halos(orin
Penicillin
Side !ects /iarrhea
Eaun!ice
1ausea a
=omiting
'ashes
Nursing Responsi"ilities O"serve (atient for signs an!
sym(toms of ana(hylaxis (rash,
(ruritus, laryngeal e!ema,
#hee0ing)$
/iscontinue me!ication an! notify
(hysician imme!iately if the
sym(toms occur$
Fee( e(ine(hrine, an anti-histamine,
an! resuscitation e:ui(ment close
"y in the event of an ana(hylactic
reaction$
Drug Name *rythromycin (*rythrocin)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 250 mg, every 8 hours, PO
Classifcation Anti-infective
Mechanism of Action %u((resses (rotein synthesis at the level
of the 50s "acterial ri"osome$
Specifc Indication 3((er an! lo#er res(iratory tract
infections
Otitis me!ia
%&in an! s&in structure infections
Pertussis
/i(htheria
*rythrasma
2ntestinal ame"iasis
Pelvic in7ammatory !isease
1on-gonococcal urethritis
%y(hilis
6egionnaires !iseaseB
'heumatic fever
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity
Side !ects 1ausea
=omiting
Nursing Responsi"ilities /o not crush or che# !elaye!
release ca(sules or ta"lets> s#allo#
#hole$
Drug Name ;ormoterol (;ora!il)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 8 ca(sule, every 82 hours, 2nhalation
Classifcation roncho!ilator
Mechanism of Action Pro!uces accumulation of cyclic a!enosine
mono(hos(hate (cA+P) at "eta a!renergic
rece(tors, resulting in relaxation of air#ay
smooth muscle$
Specifc Indication 6ong term maintenance treatment of
asthma
Prevention of "ronchos(asm in
reversi"le o"structive air#ays
!isease
6ong term management of
"ronchoconstriction associate! #ith
chronic o"structive (ulmonary
!isease an! em(hysema
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity
Acute attac& of asthma
Side !ects /i00iness
;atigue
,ea!ache
2nsomnia
+alaise
1ervousness
Nursing Responsi"ilities O"serve for (ara!oxical
"ronchos(asm (#hee0ing)$
2f con!ition occurs, #ithhol!
me!ication an! notify (hysician
imme!iately$
+onitor (atient for sings of
ana(hylaxis (!ys(nea, rash,
laryngeal e!ema) throughout
thera(y$
Drug Name %almeterol (%erevent)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 50 mcg, t#ice !aily, 2nhalation
Classifcation roncho!ilator
Mechanism of Action Pro!uces accumulation of cyclic a!enosine
mono(hos(hate (cA+P) at "eta 2
a!renergic rece(tors$
Specifc Indication 6ong term control of reversi"le
air#ay o"struction !ue to asthma
an! for maintenance treatment of
asthma an! (revention
"ronchos(asm
Prevention of exercise in!uce!
asthma
+aintenance treatment to (revent
"ronchos(asm in chronic o"structive
(ulmonary !isease an! em(hysema
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity
Acute attac& of asthma
Side !ects ,ea!ache
Nursing Responsi"ilities Assess lung soun!s, (ulse, an!
"loo! (ressure "efore a!ministration
an! (erio!ically !uring thera(y$
+onitor (ulmonary function tests
"efore initiating thera(y an!
(erio!ically !uring course to
!etermine eGectiveness$
Drug Name Amoxicillin (.rimox)
Dose/ Frequency/ Route 250 to 500 mg, every 8 hours, PO
Classifcation Anti-infective
Anti-ulcer agents
Mechanism of Action in!s to "acterial cell #all, causing cell
!eath$
Specifc Indication %&in an! s&in structure infections
Otitis me!ia
%inusitis
'es(iratory infections
)enitourinary infections
%e(ticaemia
Contraindications ,y(ersensitivity to-
Penicillin
.a"let for oral sus(ension contain
as(artame
Avoi! (atient #ith (henyl&etonuria
Side !ects /iarrhea
'ashes
Nursing Responsi"ilities O"serve for signs an! sym(toms of
ana(hylaxis (rash, (ruritus,
laryngeal e!ema, #hee0ing)$
1otify (hysician imme!iately of
these occur$
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