Report 3344444

PRODUCTION OF APPLE JUICE AT LOW TEMPERATURE PROCESSING BY ULTRAFILTRATION
Material Balance Page 1

Material Balance across Crusher and Holding Tank

Input Streams:
Stream l4 = 3333.3 Kg/hr
Fibre = 0.0432
Dis Solids = 0.1250
Aroma = 0.0001
Water = 0.8317
Stream l3 = 6.66
Enzyme = 0.05
Water = 0.95
Output Streams:
Fibre = 0.0431
Dis Solids = 0.1247


Aroma = 0.0001
Water = 0.8320
Enzyme = 9.97 x 10
-5

From Literature
0.1 Kg/ton Enzyme is required so For 3333.3 Kg Enzyme Required = 0.333kg
0.333/l5 = 0.05
L5 = 6.66 kg/hr
Overall Material Balance:
L4 + L3 = L5
3333.3 + 6.66 = 3339.96 kg/hr
Individual Material Balance on Fibre:
0.0432(3333.3) = 3339.6(l5
F
)
l5
F
= 0.04311
Individual Material Balance on Dissolved Solid:
0.1250(3333.3) = 3339.96(l5
D-solids
)
l5
D-solids
= 0.1247
Individual Material Balance on Enzyme:
0.05(6.66) = 3339.96(l5
Enzyme
)
l5
Enzyme
= 9.97 x 10
-5



Material Balance Across Pressing Section

Input Streams:
Fibre : 0.0431
Dis Solids : 0.1247
Aroma : 0.0001
Water : 0.8320
Enzyme = 9.97 x 10
-5
Output Streams:
Stream l15 = 2838.96 kg/hr.
Fiber = 0.0136
Dis Solids = 0.1336
Aroma = 0.0001
Water = 0.8526
Enzyme = 9.97 x 10
-5


Stream P4 = 501 kg/hr.

Fiber = 0.210
Dis Solids = 0.0742
Water = 0.7157
From literature pressing efficiency id 85% so
l15 = l6 x 0.85
l15 = 2838.96 kg/hr.
from literature in pomace
Fiber = 0.210
Dis Solids = 0.0742
In stream P4 fiber + D-solids + water = 1
Water = 0.7157
l6 = l15 + p4
P4 = 501 kg/hr.
Individual Material Balance on Fiber:
0.0431(3339.96) = 501(0.2101) + 2838.96(l15
Fiber
)
l15
Fiber
= 0.0136
Individual Material Balance on D-solids:
0.1247(3339.96) = 501(0.0742) + 2838.96(l15
D-solids
)
l15
D-solids
= 0.1336
we know that in stream l15 ( water + Aroma + D-solids + Enzymes = 1)
l15
water
= 0.8526



Material Balance Across Falling Film Evaporator

Input Streams:
Stream l17 = 2838.96 kg/hr.
Fiber = 0.0136
Dis Solids = 0.1336
Aroma = 0.0001
Water = 0.8526
Enzyme = 9.97 x 10
-5
Stream u4 = 484.904 kg/hr.



Output Streams:
Stream l19 = 2510.156 kg/hr.
Fiber = 0.015381
Dis Solids = 0.1511
Water = 0.8330
Enzyme = 1.1276 x 10
-4

Stream A1 = 328.801 kg/hr.
Water = 0.999.14
Aroma = 8.6342 x 10
-9

Stream c2 = 484.904 kg/hr.

Individual Balance on Dis Solids:
0.1336(2838.96) = 0.1511m
o
p
m
o
p = 2510.156 kg/hr
Water + Aroma Solution :
2838.96 2510.156 = 328.801 kg/hr
Individual Balance on Aroma :
2838.96(0.0001) = 328.801(A1
Aroma
)
A1
Aroma
= 8.6342 x 10
-4

Water In A1 :
1 - A1
Aroma
= 1 - 8.6342 x 10
-4
= 0.99914
Individual Balance on Fiber :
2838.96(0.0136) = 2510.156(l19
Fibre
)
l19
Fibre
= 0.015381


Individual Balance on Enzyme:
2838.96(9.97 x 10^-5) = 2510.156(l19
Enzyme
)
l19
Enzyme
= 1.1276 x 10^-4
Individual Balance on Water:
0.8526(2838.96) = 328.801 (0.9914) + 2510.156(l19
water
)
l19
water
= 0.833



Material Balance Across Distillation Column

Input Streams:
Stream A1 = 328.801 kg/hr.
Water = 0.999.14
Aroma = 8.6342 x 10
-9

Output Streams :
Stream A3 = 0.283893 kg/hr
Aroma = 1
Stream W7 = 328.517 kg/hr
Water = 1



BALANCE AROUND AROMA CONDENSER

IN
STREAM NAME A3
Stream flow kg/hr 0.283893
COMPONENTS
Aroma 1
TOTAL FLOW kg/hr 0.283893
Out
STREAM NAME A3
COMPONENTS


COOLING WATER IN
STREAM NAME w1

COOLING WATER OUT
STREAM NAME w2

Aroma 1
TOTAL FLOW kg/hr 0.283893


Enzymatic Treatment Tank

Individual Material Balance:
Input Streams l19 = 2510.156
Fibre = 0.015381
D-Solids = 0.1511
Water = 0.8330
Enzymes = 1.1276 X 10-4

E1 Streams = 54.146
Enzyme = 1



Output Streams:
l20 stream = 2564.804
Fibre = 0.01565
D-Solids = 0.14788
Water = 0.81525
Enzymes = 0.021221
Reference:
For the treatment of 4927.9 kg/hr juice , enzyme required = 106.3
For the treatment of 1 kg/hr juice , enzyme required = 106.3/4927.9
For the treatment of 2510.156 kg/hr juice , enzyme required =
106.3/4927.9X 2510.156
Individual Balance on Enzyme:
2510.156 ( 1.276 X 10-4 ) + 54.146 = Xl20enzyme ( 2564.804 )
Xl20enzyme = 0.021221
Individual Material Balance on Water:
0.8330 X 2510.156 = Xl20H2o ( 2564.804 )
Xl20H2o = 0.81525
Individual Material balance on Dissolved Solid:
0.1511 ( 2510.156 ) = Xl20D-solid ( 2564.804 )
Xl20D-solid = 0.14788
Individual Material Balance on Fibre:
Xl20Fibre = 1- 0.14788 - .021221 - .81525
Xl20Fibre = 0.01565



Material Balnace On Ultrafilteration Unit

Input Streams:
l20 stream:
l20 = 2564.804
Fibre = 0.01565
D-Solids = 0.14788
Water = 0.81525
Enzymes = 0.021221
Output Streams:
l21 stream :
l21 = 2223.2217 kg/hr
D- solid = 0.1535
Water = 0.8465



w6 stream :
w6 = 341.5823
Fibre = 0.1175
Enzyme = 0.15933
Water = 0.1110
D-solid = 0.61213

From literature it is to be determine that membrane is 100% efficient for enzyme and 90% efficient for
pass D solid and water.
Material balance for stream l21:
Mass of fibre in feed = 40.139 kg
Mass of enzyme in feed = 54.4277 kg
All the fibre is back to in the waste stream
Mass of D- solid in feed = 379.2832
Mass of water in feed = 2090.9564
So 90% of D-solid and water pass through membrane as product and 10% is in waste.
Mass of D- solid in waste = 37.92
Mass of water in waste = 209.0956
So total mass of waste stream = 341.5823 kg/hr



Mass fraction of waste stream w6:
Fibre = 0.1175
Enzyme = 0.15933
Water = 0.1110
D-solid = 0.61213
l20 = l21 + w6
2564.804 = 341.5823 + F3
w6 = 2223.2217
Material balance on D-solid:
0.14788 ( 2564.804 ) = ( 341.5823) 0.1110 + 2223.2217 X l21D-solid
379.2832 = 37.9156 + 2223.2217 X l21 d- solid
Xl21D-solid = 0.153546
Material Balance for water :
1 0.1535 = 0.8465



Material Balance on Triple Effect Evaporator

Input Streams:
l21 stream = 2223.2217 kg/hr.
D-Solids = 0.1535
Water = 0.8465
U5 stream(steam) = 769 kg/hr.
Output streams:
L24 stream(juice) = 473.9785 kg/hr.
D-Solids = 0.72
Water = 0.28
Stream C5 (Condensate) = 769 kg/hr.
Stream C7 + c6 = 1749.2732
Individual Material Balance on D-solids:


0.1535 (2223.2217) = 0.72(m
o
pl24)
m
o
pl24 = 473.9785 kg/hr.
we know that juice is 72% concentrated so remaining 28% is water.
Xwater = 1- 0.72 = 0.28
L21 + u5 = l24 + (c7+ c6) + c5
2223.2217 + 769 = 473.9785 + 1749.2732 + 769
2992.2217 = 2992.2217

Overall Material Balance of complete Process:

IN
STREAM NAME STREAM FLOW kg/hr
l1 3333.3
l2 350
l3 6.6
u2 (u3+u4) 533.564
E1 54.648
w1 3.432
u5 767


H1 431.29
TOTAL FLOW 5048.544 kg/hr

OUT
STREAM NAME STREAM FLOW kg/hr
l8 350
p4 501
c4 (c1+c2) 533.564
A4 0.283893
w7 328.517
w2 3.432
w5 341.5823
c5 767
c6 594.6122
c7 583.302
v3 571.359


l24 473.9485
H2 431.29
TOTAL FLOW 5048.676 kg/hr

(OUT-IN) 0.13 kg/hr

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PRODUCTION OF APPLE JUICE AT LOW TEMPERATURE PROCESSING BY ULTRAFILTRATION

Material Balance Page 1

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