GUIDED BY:

Mrs. S.SUJA M.E.,

EEE DEPT.,
CIT
BY
D.RAGUBALAN
07MER06
EMBEDDED AND REAL
TIME SYSTEMS(EEE)


POWER THEFT IN INDIA
Introduction
Hooks & cables
Power theft & India
Utility meters
Monitoring system
Use of PLC in
monitoring system
End of the power theft


OVER VIEW

The objective of the project is to identify methods for
detecting power theft.

The power theft is to be i. detected, ii.located and
iii. communicated to the authorities.

Parameters of power delivery includes power line current,
power line voltage and network load distribution.

DIAGRAM FOR POWER THEFT
DETECTION SYSTEM
PORTION OF
POWER STSTEM
(POWER LINE)
USER
DEVICE
S
E
N
S
O
R

POWER
LINE
MODEM
COMPUTER
MODEM
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Consumer
premises
EB premises
BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR CONSUMER PREMISES
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR CONSUMER
PREMISES
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF EB PREMISES
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF EB
PREMISES
POWER LINE COMMUNICATION(PLC)
PLC is a kind of communication technology, which uses Medium Voltage(MV) & Low
Voltage(LV) distribution network as the communication media to implement
transmission of data, voice and real time image.

The components involved in PLC are the

Power Line Carrier Unit provide signal transmission and reception

Coupler for clamping around a live wire thus injecting the communication signals
into the power line.

PLC modem

The monitoring system mainly has the following
functions:
1.Remote meter-reading
2.Data acquisition
3.Thread loss
4.Real-time Monitoring and trip-off( required system)
PLC TRANSMISSION
PLC transmissions are synchronized to the zero crossing point
of the AC power line. It should be transmitted as close to the
zero crossing point i.e. within 200 s.

square wave with a max Delay of 100 s from the zero
crossing point

The maximum delay between signal envelope input and
120KHz output bursts is 50 s.

Therefore, it should be arranged that outputs to the within
50 s.
PLC TRANSMISSION
1 2
50
50
CODE TRANSMISSION
A Binary 1 is represented by a 1 ms burst of 120 KHz the
zero crossing point and a Binary 0 by the absence of
120 KHz.

Therefore only the 1 ms "envelope" need be applied to
their inputs.

These 1 millisecond bursts should actually be transmitted
three times to coincide with the zero crossing points of all
three phases in a three phase distribution system.
CODE TRANSMISSION

wave
CODE TRANSMISSION
A complete code transmission encompasses eleven cycles
of the power line.

The first two cycles represent a Start Code. The next four
cycles represent the House Code and the last five cycles
represent either a Number Code or a Function Code.

This complete block, (Start Code, House Code, and Key
Code) should always be transmitted in groups of 2 with 3
power line cycles between each group of 2 codes.
WAVEFORM GENERATION
230V
50Hz
Operation of the project
Consumer premises EB premises
Results
Under power theft, the relay is switched off
isolating the area of power theft from the EB
side .

LCD display also indicates power theft.
The system functions with real-time
monitoring users and burden forecast, which
uses MV&LV PLC as its transmission media.

The system is integrated with power
management and burden control.


CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
[1]Icahn and J.K.Hwang, A power line based sensor network
for protective electrical fire precaution and early discovery,
IEEE trans. power delivery, vol 23.,No.2.,April2008.

[2]Daver, Sr.J. Brian,and Radtke , O.Wiilam. power theft
detection system, WIPO trans .,WO 2008/057808., 15
MAY 2008.

[3]MIN Tao, "Joint Schemes of Electricity Energy Metering
System and Their Implementation", Power System
Technology, August 2003, pp.59-63.
REFERENCES
[4]L. T. Tang, Development of a high-speed power line
communication system, Masters thesis, Nanyang
Technol. Un

[5]D. K. Cheng, Fundamental of Engineering
Electromagnetics. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesleyiv.,
Singapore, 2001.

[6]J. Dickinson and P. J. Nicholson, Calculating the high
frequency transmission line parameters of power cables,
in Proc. 1st Int. Symp. Power-Line Communications and
its Applications (ISPLC 97), Apr.1997, pp. 127133.
CONFERENCE

POWER LINE COMMUNICATION BASED POWER
THEFT DETECTION SYSTEM has been presented on
NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL PROCESSING
COMMUNICATIONS AND VLSI DESIGN (NCSCV09)
Conducted by Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering, Anna University
THANK YOU