Maha Navratna PSUs

Maharatna PSUs are the biggest Public Sector Undertakings (PSU)'s of India.
Presently (BHEL !"#$ I!$L "%P$ $IL #&IL and S&IL).%hese se'en are the
o(icially declared )aharatna $o*+anies.!n ,-../.,.-. Indian !il !"#$ S&IL
and "%P$ ha'e been declared as )aha na'ratnas. But only "%P$ 0ill be able to
e1ercise the authority since the other co*+anies are not ha'ing the re2uisite
nos. of inde+endent 3irectors in their Boards.
Maharatna status
In ,..4 the go'ern*ent established the )aharatna status 0hich raises a
co*+any's in'est*ent ceiling fro* 5s. -... crore to 5s. /... crore. %he
)aharatna 6r*s can no0 decide on in'est*ents of u+ to -/ +er cent of their net
0orth in a +ro7ect8 the "a'aratna co*+anies could in'est u+ to 5s -... crore
0ithout e1+licit go'ern*ent a++ro'al.
Current Financial Autonomy Status
%here are currently 9 )aharatnas -: "a'ratnas and /; )iniratnas<I and -=
)iniratna<II.
%here are *ulti+le factors and criteria for granting 'ratna' status. Ho0e'er
*a7or criteria of a0arding status are>
?)aharatna
-. %hree years 0ith an annual net +ro6t of o'er 5s. /... crore
,. &'erage annual "et 0orth of 5s. -/... crore for @ years
@. &'erage annual %urno'er of 5s. ,/... crore for @ years
?"a'ratna
-. & score of :. (out of -..) based on si1 +ara*eters 0hich include net
+ro6t net 0orth total *an+o0er cost total cost of +roduction cost of
ser'ices PB3I% (Pro6t Before 3e+reciation Interest and %a1es) ca+ital
e*+loyed etc.
,. & co*+any *ust 6rst be a )iniratna and ha'e ; inde+endent directors
on its board before it can be *ade a "a'ratna.
?)iniratna $ategory<I
-. Ha'e *ade +ro6ts continuously for the last three years or earned a net
+ro6t of 5s. @. crore or *ore in one of the three years.
?)iniratna $ategory<II
-. Ha'e *ade +ro6ts for the last three years continuously and should ha'e
a +ositi'e net 0orth.
%he $ategorisation entitles the co*+any boards to do in'est*ents u+ to a li*it
(de+ending on the status) 0ithout seeking go'ern*ent +er*ission.
?)aharatna> u+ to 5s.-... crore < 5s. /... crore or free to decide on
in'est*ents u+ to -/A of their net 0orth in a +ro7ect.
?"a'ratna> u+ to 5s. -... crore or -/A of their net 0orth on a single +ro7ect or
@.A of their net 0orth in the 0hole year (not e1ceeding 5s. -... crores).
?)iniratna<I> u+ to 5s. /.. crore or e2ual to their net 0orth 0hiche'er is lo0er.
?)iniratna<II> u+ to 5s. @.. crore or u+ to /.A of their net 0orth 0hiche'er is
lo0er.
$o*+anies like HP$LBP$LH&Letc. ha'e de*anded the *aharatna status fro*
go't.
Navratna
For the talisman, set of stones and gems, see Navaratna. For the well-known navratnas of Vikramaditya
and Akbar's courts, see Navaratnas.
Navratna 0as the title gi'en originally to 4 Public Sector Enter+rises (PSEs)
identi6ed by the #o'ern*ent of India in -449 as B+ublic sector co*+anies that
ha'e co*+arati'e ad'antagesB gi'ing the* greater autono*y to co*+ete in the
global *arket so as to Bsu++ort Cthe*D in their dri'e to beco*e global giantsB.
-
PSU co*+anies are di'ided into three categories>
?)aharatna
?"a'ratna
?)iniratna $PSEs
-. $ategory I
,. $ategory II
-!riginal go't. announce*ent about the "a'ratnas -449
Historical symbolism
!riginally the ter* Navaratna *eant a talis*an or orna*ent co*+osed of nine
+recious ge*s. Later this sy*bology 0as ado+ted in the courts of E*+eror
Eikra*aditya and the )ughal e*+eror &kbar 0here the "a'aratnas 0ere a
grou+ of nine e1traordinary *en in their res+ecti'e courts.
Maharatna status
In ,.-. the go'ern*ent established the )aharatna status 0hich raises a
co*+any's in'est*ent ceiling fro* 5s. -... crore to 5s. /... crore. %he
)aharatna 6r*s can no0 decide on in'est*ents of u+ to -/ +er cent of their net
0orth in a +ro7ect8 the "a'aratna co*+anies could in'est u+ to 5s -... crore
0ithout e1+licit go'ern*ent a++ro'al.
Current Financial Autonomy Status
&s on ,- Fuly ,.-; there are 9 )aharatna -: "a'ratna and 9- )iniratna
$PSE's.
%here are *ulti+le factors and criteria for granting 'ratna' status. Ho0e'er
*a7or criteria of a0arding status are>
?)aharatna
-. %hree years 0ith an a'erage annual net +ro6t of o'er 5s. ,/.. crore
(earlier 0as /... $r)
,. &'erage annual "et 0orth of 5s. -.... crore for @ years (earlier 0as
-/... $r)
@. &'erage annual %urno'er of 5s. ,.... crore for @ years (earlier 0as
,/... $r)
?"a'ratna
-. & score of :. (out of -..) based on si1 +ara*eters 0hich include net
+ro6t net 0orth total *an+o0er cost total cost of +roduction cost of
ser'ices PB3I% (Pro6t Before 3e+reciation Interest and %a1es) ca+ital
e*+loyed etc.
,. & co*+any *ust 6rst be a )iniratna and ha'e ; inde+endent directors
on its board before it can be *ade a "a'ratna.
?)iniratna $ategory<I
-. Ha'e *ade +ro6ts continuously for the last three years or earned a net
+ro6t of 5s. @. crore or *ore in one of the three years.
?)iniratna $ategory<II
-. Ha'e *ade +ro6ts for the last three years continuously and should ha'e
a +ositi'e net 0orth.
%he $ategorisation entitles the co*+any boards to do in'est*ents u+ to a li*it
(de+ending on the status) 0ithout seeking go'ern*ent +er*ission.
?)aharatna> u+ to 5s.-... crore < 5s. /... crore or free to decide on
in'est*ents u+ to -/A of their net 0orth in a +ro7ect.
?"a'ratna> u+ to 5s. -... crore or -/A of their net 0orth on a single +ro7ect or
@.A of their net 0orth in the 0hole year (not e1ceeding 5s. -... crores).
?)iniratna<I> u+ to 5s. /.. crore or e2ual to their net 0orth 0hiche'er is lo0er.
?)iniratna<II> u+ to 5s. @.. crore or u+ to /.A of their net 0orth 0hiche'er is
lo0er.
List of Maharatna
-. $oal India Li*ited
,
,. Indian !il $or+oration
@
@. "%P$ Li*ited
;
;. Steel &uthority of India li*ited
/. Bharat Hea'y Electricals Li*ited
/
:. #&IL (India) Li*ited
9. !il and "atural #as $or+oration
List of Navratna
-. Engineers India Li*ited
,. Bharat Electronics Li*ited
@. Bharat Petroleu* $or+oration Li*ited
,$oal India gets )aharatna tag < Econo*ic %i*es &rticle
@/ PSUs get *aharatna status < Indiane1+ress
;; PSUs get *aharatna status < Indiane1+ress
/< 3e+t of Public Enter+rises #o't. of India
;. Hindustan &eronautics Li*ited
/. Hindustan Petroleu* $or+oration Li*ited
:. )ahanagar %ele+hone "iga* Li*ited
9. "ational &lu*iniu* $o*+any Li*ited
=. "ational )ineral 3e'elo+*ent $or+oration Li*ited
4. "ey'eli Lignite $or+oration Li*ited
-.. !il India Li*ited
--. Po0er Ginance $or+oration Li*ited
-,. $ontainer $or+oration of India Li*ited
-@. "ational Buildings $onstruction $or+oration Li*ited
-;. Po0er #rid $or+oration of India Li*ited
-/. 5ashtriya Is+at "iga* Li*ited
-:. 5ural Electri6cation $or+oration Li*ited
-9. Shi++ing $or+oration of India Li*ited
List of Miniratna-I
-. &ir+orts &uthority of India
,. &ntri1 $or+oration
@. Bal*er La0rie H $o.
;. Bharat 3yna*ics Li*ited
/. Bharat Earth )o'ers
:. Bharat Sanchar "iga* Li*ited
9. Bridge and 5oof $o*+any (India)
=. $entral Iarehousing $or+oration
4. $entral $oal6elds
-.. $hennai Petroleu* $or+oration
--. $ochin Shi+yard
-. 3redging $or+oration of India
,. Ennore Port
@. #arden 5each Shi+builders H Engineers
;. #oa Shi+yard
/. Hindustan $o++er Li*ited
:. HLL Lifecare Li*ited
9. Hindustan "e0s+rint Li*ited
=. Hindustan Pa+er $or+oration Li*ited
4. Housing and Urban 3e'elo+*ent $or+oration
-.. India %ouris* 3e'elo+*ent $or+oration
--. Indian 5ail0ay $atering and %ouris* $or+oration
-,. I5$!" International Li*ited
-@. Judre*ukh Iron !re $o*+any Ltd.
-;. )aKagon 3ock Li*ited
-/. )ahanadi $oal6elds Li*ited
-:. )!IL Li*ited
-9. )ishra 3hatu "iga* Li*ited
-=. ))%$ Ltd
-4. )S%$ Li*ited
,.. "ational GertiliKers Li*ited
,-. "ational Seeds $or+oration Li*ited
,,. "HP$ Li*ited
,@. "orthern $oal6elds Li*ited
,;. "orth Eastern Electric Po0er $or+oration Li*ited
,/. "u*aligarh 5e6nery Li*ited
,:. !"#$ Eidesh Li*ited
,9. Pa0an Hans Helico+ters Li*ited
,=. Pro7ects and 3e'elo+*ent India Li*ited
,4. 5ailtel $or+oration of India Li*ited
@.. 5ashtriya $he*icals H GertiliKers Li*ited
@-. 5I%ES Li*ited
@,. SFE" Li*ited ("ath+a Fhakri 3a*)
@@. Security Printing and )inting $or+oration of India Li*ited
@;. South Eastern $oal6elds Li*ited
@/. State %rading $or+oration of India Li*ited
@:. %eleco**unications $onsultants India Li*ited
@9. %H3$ Ltd
@=. Iestern $oal6elds Li*ited
@4. Iater and Po0er $onsultancy Ser'ices Li*ited
List of Miniratna-II
-. Bharat Pu*+s H $o*+ressors Li*ited
,. Broadcast Engineering $onsultants India Li*ited
@. $entral )ine Planning and 3esign Institute Li*ited
;. $entral 5ailside Iarehouse $o*+any Li*ited
/. Educational $onsultants India Li*ited
:. Engineering Pro7ects (I) Li*ited
9. G$I &ra'ali #y+su* and )inerals (India) Li*ited
=. Gerro Scra+ "iga* Li*ited
4. H)% Li*ited International
-.. HS$$ (India) Li*ited
--. India %rade Pro*otion !rganiKation
-,. Indian )edicines Phar*aceuticals $or+oration Li*ited
-@. )E$!" Li*ited
-;. )ineral E1+loration $or+oration Li*ited
-/. "ational Gil* 3e'elo+*ent $or+oration of India
-:. "ational S*all Industries $or+oration Li*ited
-9. P E $ Li*ited
-=. 5a7asthan Electronics and Instru*ents Li*ited
-4. $entral )ine Planning and 3esign Institute
Eternal lin!s
?!(icial List of )aharatna "a'ratna and )iniratna
?3e+art*ent of Public Enter+rises
?C.D