Gim st switch bng phn mm PRTG

Gim st my ch khc vi gim st lu lng ca switch hay router. Gim st lu lng l theo
di tc
, lu lng truyn nhn trn cc cng ca thit b, cn gim st my ch ngoi lu lng cng
mng cn
c cc thng s CPU, RAM, diskfree.
PRTG l phn mm c th gim st cc thit b mng phn cng v cc server. Cch ci t v
hng
dn s dng y c th tm thy trn trang ch ca PRTG hoc trong rt nhiu ti liu khc
trn internet.
Trong ti liu ny tc gi ch hng dn mt s bc ti thiu bn c th gim st c mt
server.
Sau khi ci t PRTG Network Monitor, ta vo phn mm qua giao din web, ng nhp bng
account v
password mc nh prtgadmin, chuyn qua tab [Devices] v nhn link [+Add Device].

5
Trang ch PRTG : http://www.paessler.com/prtg
C2950#show snmp
Chassis: FOC0833X23A
Contact:
Location:
0 SNMP packets input
0 Bad SNMP version errors
0 Unknown community name
0 Illegal operation for community name supplied
0 Encoding errors
0 Number of requested variables
0 Number of altered variables
0 Get-request PDUs
0 Get-next PDUs
0 Set-request PDUs
1 SNMP packets output
0 Too big errors (Maximum packet size 1500)
0 No such name errors
0 Bad values errors
0 General errors
0 Response PDUs
1 Trap PDUs
SNMP global trap: enabled

SNMP logging: enabled
Logging to 192.168.1.100.162, 0/10, 1 sent, 0 dropped.
SNMP agent enabled
C2950#configure terminal
C2950(config)#snmp-server enable
C2950(config)#snmp-server enable traps
C2950(config)#snmp-server community public ro
C2950(config)#snmp-server community private rw
C2950(config)#snmp-server host 192.168.1.100 version 1 public SNMP ton tp Chng 2 :
Qun l mng vi SNMP
D I P T H A N H N G U Y N , 2 0 1 0 T r a n g | 14


Nhp tn ca my ch cn gim st vo [Device Name], nhp IP ca my ch vo [Ip-
Address/DNS
Name], chn Automatic device identification (standard, recommended) PRTG t ng d
tm thit b
SNMP ang c to l g. Nhn nt Continue, PRTG s bt u tin trnh d tm.
SNMP ton tp Chng 2 : Qun l mng vi SNMP
D I P T H A N H N G U Y N , 2 0 1 0 T r a n g | 15
Sau cc ti nguyn c th gim st c s hin ra mn hnh.

hnh trn ta thy PRTG pht hin c 28 object c th gim st. Click vo tn thit b m
ra mn
hnh gim st, lit k danh sch cc port FastEthernet ca switch v bng thng ang s dng.

Nh bn bit, SNMP manager ch ly c nhng thng tin m SNMP agent cung cp, do
khng
phi tt c mi th trn my ch u hin ra trn PRTG gim st. Nhiu bn khi cha hiu c
ch ca
SNMP cho rng PRTG khng gim st c mt ci g trn my ch l do nhc im ca
PRTG v
mong mun tm kim mt cng c khc hay hn. Thc cht nu agent trn thit b khng h tr
thng tin
th mi phn mm gim st u khng th ly thng tin .


Kim tra hiu sut mng vi PRTG bn min ph
Cp nht lc 10h36' ngy 04/04/2009 Bn in

David Davis
Qun tr mng Trong bi ny chng ti s gii thiu cho cc bn cch download, ci t, s dng b
kim tra mng min ph PRTG kim tra v khc phc cc vn trong vic kt ni mng ca
Windows.
Gii thiu
Mt vi nm trc y bn c th s dng PRTG Traffic Grapher ca Paessler. PRTG Traffic Grapher
l mt tin ch Windows n gin dng kim tra lu lng mng theo th c thu thp bng
cch s dng SNMP, Netflow v cc phng php khc. Paessler cng cung cp mt phin bn PRTG
khc c tn gi Network Monitor. y l phin bn khng cho php kim tra hiu sut v kt ni mng
ni b cho my tnh ni b ca bn nhng kt ni v kim tra mng cho ton b doanh nghip. PRTG
Network Monitor c th thc hin iu ny thng qua khong 10 kiu sensor khc nhau nh SNMP,
WMI, & Netflow. Nu bn mun thy c PRTG Network Monitor c th gip bn kim tra my tnh
Windows ni b v mng Windows nh th no, hy th s dng PRTG Network Monitor, version 7.
PRTG l g, bn c th download t u v cch ci t nh th no?
Paessler l mt cng ty ca c, sn phm chnh ca cng ty l PRTG. Nh c cp, c hai
phin bn ca PRTG l Network Monitor v Traffic Grapher. C hai sn phm ny u c cc phin
bn min ph v phin bn thng mi. Phin bn min ph b gii hn trong 10 sensor (cc phin bn
thng mi cho dng th cng tng t). PRTG Network Monitor cho php bn thc hin cc hnh
ng di y:
Kim ta bng thng, hiu sut s dng, uptime v kh nng sn c
Vn bo co v cnh bo
Giao din web
Network Monitor h tr vic kim tra cc mng ln n 30.000 sensor v c th bo co v tnh hnh
cc kt ni c hi t SLA hay khng.
Cc thit b Windows c th c kim tra bng SNMP, ping v WMI. Trong khi vi cc thit b
non-Windows, bn c th kim tra chng bng vic sniffing (tm dch l kim tra) cc gi d liu,
NetFlow (cho cc thit b Cisco), SMTP (cho cc my ch email), HTTP (cho cc my ch web) v
mt s cng ngh kim tra khc.
Bn hy download 27MB phn mm PRTG Networking Monitor min ph v bt u ci t ca mnh.

Hnh 1: Bt u ci t PRTG
Bn c th chn ci t Core Server hoc Remote Probe theo nh ca mnh.

Hnh 2: Chn ci t - Server hoc Remote Probe
Trong th nghim trong bi, chng ti chn s dng phin bn min ph.

Hnh 3: Ci t phin bn min ph (Free Edition)
PRTG Network Monitor s ci t mt my ch web v c s d liu. Nh nhng g c th thy trong
hnh 4, bn s cn phi chn username, password, a ch email qun tr ca mnh, giao din my ch
PRTG web server s chy trn v s cng. Cng cn phi t tn cho my ch ca bn. Trong
trng hp th nghim, chng ti chn giao din host ni b v s dng cng 81.

Hnh 4: Cc thit lp Network Monitor cn thit
Sau , PRTG s c ci t.
S dng PRTG Network Monitor
ng nhp vo PRTG Network Monitor bng cch s dng trnh duyt web , nhp vo a ch IP v s
cng c th trong qu trnh ci t.

Hnh 5: ng nhp PRTG
Th u tin m bn cn thc hin l b sung thm cc thit b mng vo PRTG. Cch n gin nht
thc hin iu l s dng tnh nng Auto Discovery.

Hnh 6: Chy AutoDiscovery
PRTG s tm ra cc thit b trn mng ca bn v bt u thu thp cc thng k v chng. Ph thuc
vo kiu thit b, bn c th hoc khng th thc hin cc cng vic m rng cung cp cc chui
SNMP mang tnh cng ng, Windows username & password cho WMI hoc cc tiu chun c th
khc c c mt thng k chi tit hn.

Hnh 7
Lu rng trong hnh 7 trn, 12 thit b mng khc nhau c pht hin mt cch t ng v c
a vo PRTG. Thm ch khng c cu hnh, cc thit b khc cng ang c kim tra theo nhiu cch
khc nhau, da vo cc kh nng ca chng. Cho v d, mt s thit b ch c kim tra bng cch s
dng phng phpping. Cc thit b khc c kim tra bi phng php ping v http, nu chng c
mt giao din web. Host ni b trong th nghim ca chng ti c kim tra bng cch s
dng ping v diskspace, memory, pagefile, processor v networking. Cui cng, HP printer th
nghim cng c kim tra bng ping, http, thm chsi c s trang in pages printed.
PRTG Network Monitor c th gip bn gii quyt cc vn vi kt ni mng nh th no?
y l 5 cch PRTG Network Monitor c th gip bn gii quyt c cc vn trong kt ni mng
Windows:
1. Kim tra CPU, b nh, trang nh v hiu sut mng ni b v t xa
Nh mt Windows Network Administrator, bn s thch kim tra tt c cc vn y, c ni b v
t xa, v nu c mt vn no din ra trn mt thi th bn s phi gnh chu hiu sut h thng ni
b ngho nn hoc hiu sut ngho nn trn ton b c s h tng Windows.
Trong hnh 8 bn di, bn s thy hiu sut CPU cho my trm Vista ni b qua hai ngy (cho c hai
li CPU). T y, chng ta c th kt lun trong trng hp ny, CPU th nghim khng gp phi hin
tng nghn c chai khi s dng ti a l 62%.

Hnh 8: Hiu sut CPU cho h thng ni b th nghim sau hai ngy.
Bn c th to cng kiu biu hin th % khng gian a, b nh, cn trng. Biu c th
c hin th theo thi gian thc, trong vng 2 ngy, mt thng hoc thm ch trong khong thi gian 1
nm. Nh cp trong phn 4, chng ta c th cu hnh cc cnh bo da trn nhng chng ch g
mnh chn.
R rng, y l mt v d v h thng ni b trong th nghim, bn c th kim tra bt c h thng
Windows no c th truy cp n, cng nh h thng non-Windows ( ging nh cc router Cisco,
VMware servers,)
2. Kim tra cc thng khc nh dung lng a trng, cc processes, services, hay cc bn ghi s
kin
Nh nhng g th hin trong hnh 9 bn di, chng ta c th b sung thm cc kiu sensor khc. Trong
th nghim, chng ti to mt vng trn mu khoanh vng quan trng vi cc qun tr vin
mng. Chng l Windows Services, Processes, Files, Event Log Entries, v cc thnh phn d liu
Windows sng cn khc.
Bn cng c th kim tra cc kiu c s h tng ca mnh nh VMware ESX Servers, my ch web,
my ch mail, cc thit b mng , SQL servers, my ch file v thm ch c cc my in.

Hnh 9: B sung thm kiu sensor khc
3. Xem tt c cc thit b mng trn biu
PRTG Network Monitor c th c s dng sp xp v phn loi cc thit b mng ca bn theo
mt cch quan st no (hoc nhm). Nh vy, trong biu , bn s thy c cc bo cnh, ch s
lu lng, ti ca CPU v thi gian p tr cho tt c cc thit b.

Hnh 10: Tt c cc thit b trong mng trn biu
4. c bo cnh bng email hoc SMS
Cu hnh cc cnh bo email v SMS vi nhiu kiu trigger khc nhau. Trong hnh 11, bn c th thy
trng thi, tc , phn vng, ngng v thay i trigger thng bo.

Hnh 11: To cc Trigger thng bo

5. Kim tra cc ng dng v cc my ch trn cc mng nh SMTP, HTTP, VMware,
Thm vo , PRTG Network Monitor khng ch l mt cng c cho Windows m n cn l mt b
kim tra mng c th phc v ton b cho c s h tng ca bn, h tr tt c cc kiu thit b.
Nh cp trc, PRTG Network Monitor hin c cung cp di dng phin bn min ph v
phin bn thng mi. V cui cng, mt l do na cho vic s dng PRTG Network Monitor l n c
th kim tra kh nng tng thch ca iPhone (xem trong hnh 12).

Hnh 12: PRTG Network Monitor ang kim tra iPhone
Kt lun
Trong bi ny, chng ti gii thiu cho cc bn cch download, ci t v s dng tin ch min ph
PRTG Network Monitor kim tra v khc phc s c cc vn kt ni mng trong Windows. Bn
cnh PRTG c th gip bn khng ch kim tra c my tnh ni b v cn c cc my ch c s
h tng v ton b mng ca bn.
Ci t cu hnh trn thit b gim st:
Bn c th ci t chng trnh PRTG Traffic Grapher thc hin theo di lu lng trn cng
ca thit b qua SNMP. PRTG Traffic Grapher l mt ng dng trn Windows theo di v
phn loi cch dng bng thng.
Sau khi thc hin ci t PRTG Traffic Grapher, bn cn kch hot ng dng PRTG Traffic
Grapher.
Hp thoi Welcome to PRTG Traffic Grapher s xut hin.
Trn hp thoi Welcome to PRTG Traffic Grapher, la chn Use the Freeware Edition, sau
nhn Next tip tc. S xut hin giao din chnh ca PRTG Traffic Grapher.

PRTG Traffic Grapher
Chn Click here to create your first sensor to cc sensor theo di.

To sensor
Sau , Chn Next tip tc

Add Sensor
PRTG Traffic Grapher c h tr cc loi: SNMP, Packet Sniffing, NetFlow, Latency. Phin bn
min ph ch h tr SNMP v Packet Sniffing. SNMP c s dng theo di cc thng tin lu
lng vo v ra ca cng trn router. Packet Sniffing c s dng theo di cc lu lng
ca card mng ti my s dng. Chn SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) ri
chn Next.

Chn SNMP monitor data
Chn Standard Traffic Sensor.

Chn Standard Traffic Sensor
Nhp cc thng s:
- Device Name/Alias: Nhp tn router do bn t quy nh. C th chn IP ca thit b cho
d nh.
- IP Address/DNS Name: a ch IP ca router.
- SNMP Version: Phin bn ca SNMP trn router h tr. Trong v d ny router h tr
SNMP V1/V2 nn c th chn V2c.
- SNMP port: gi tr ngm nh ca cng SNMP l 161.
- SNMP Community String: Ngm nh l public. Gi tr ny cn ging vi gi tr trong phn
cu hnh trn router.
Nu s dng SNMP V3, cn phi xc nh SNMP User, Authentication Mode v Password, c
thm la chn l Data Encryption key.

Nhp thng s router gateway
Chn sensor cn c theo di ri chn Next.

Chn sensor cn theo di
Xc nh khong thi gian m thit b gim st s thc hin truy xut v xc nh Sensor c
theo di, chn Finish.

Chn scanning interval
Vic hin th c chia thnh cc loi biu h tr ngi qun tr theo di thun tin: Live
Graph 60 Minutes, Graph 24 Hours, Graph 30 days, Graph 365 days vi cc mc thi gian v
gi tr trung bnh khi hin th khc nhau. Bn cng c th xem thng tin trn trnh duyt web nu
cn theo di thng tin t xa theo bng hoc theo th.

Theo di cng router gateway

Theo di cng router gateway Graph

Theo di cng router gateway Graph tt
Xem thng tin da theo bng d liu

PRTG thng tin bng d liu
Xem thng tin da theo th.



XHTTOnline: SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) l giao thc
cho php kim tra cc thit b mng nh router, switch hay server ang vn
hnh. Mt h thng s dng SNMP bao gm 2 thnh phn chnh: Manager
v Agent. Agent l mt chng trnh chy trn thit b mng cn c
qun l. Manager c chy t 1 my trong mng v c th truy vn n
cc agent v x l thng tin nhn uc t agent. Trn phn ln cc router
ADSL u c sn tnh nng SNMP . Khi xc lp tnh nng ny v vi mt
chng trnh h tr SNMP trn Windows, ngi qun tr c th ly c
cc thng tin do SNMP cung cp. PRTG Traffic Grapher l mt ng dng
trn Windows theo di v phn loi cch dng bng thng. Vi cng c
ny ngi qun tr mng c th theo di bng thng ca router ADSL
thng qua giao thc SNMP. Trong khi cc chng trnh theo di bng
thng da vo cc traffic thng qua cng card mng ca 1 my tnh trn
mng th PRTG Traffic Grapher s theo di traffic trc tip ti cng PPP
ca router ADSL nn theo di c ton b traffic IN, OUT ca ton mng.
PRTG Traffic Grapher phin bn hin ti l 6.2.1.950/951 v c bn min
ph, bn thng mi. Phin bn PRTG Traffic Grapher min ph (15MB)
c download theo link sau: http://www.paessler.com/download/prtg Bi
vit ny s hng dn vic cu hnh SNMP trn router ADSL (loi Linksys)
v s dng PRTG Traffic Grapher theo di bng thng. 1. Xc lp
SNMP trn router ADSL cu hnh router cung cp d liu SNMP, m
trang web cu hnh router, tm tab Administration -> Management. Trong
Management, tm mc SNMP (hnh di):

Enable SNMP trn Router ADSL
Trong mc SNPM, la chn Enable. Lu xem router ca bn h tr
SNMP version no v gi tr Community. Trong v d ny, router h tr
SNMP V1 v V2, gi tr Get Community l public Lu : Mc SNMP trong
tab Administration -> Management v d trn l i vi 1 s router ca
Linksys. Vi cc router loi khc, c th vic cu hnh SNMP tng t nh
trn. Nu khng, bn cn phi xem ti liu hng dn s dng ca router
. 2. s dng PRTG Traffic Grapher theo di bng thng Sau khi
download PRTG Traffic Grapher, tin hnh ci t. Vic ci t thc hin
kh d dng. chy chng trnh, trn Windows nhp Start -> Programs
-> PRTG Traffic Grapher -> PRTG Traffic Grapher. Xut hin hp thoi
Welcome to PRTG Traffic Grapher.

Hp thoi Welcome to PRTG Traffic Grapher
Trn hp thoi Welcome to PRTG Traffic Grapher, la chn Use the
Freeware Edition, sau nhp Next tip tc. S xut hin giao din
chnh ca PRTG Traffic Grapher.

Giao din PRTG Traffic Grapher
Trn giao din ca PRTG Traffic Grapher, nhp vo la chn Click here to
create your first sensor to cc sensor theo di. Khi PRTG Traffic
Grapher s chy cc bc cu hnh thm mt sensor mi. Di y l
cc bc cu hnh chnh:

Add Sensor Wizard Data Acquisition Type
PRTG Traffic Grapher c h tr cc loi sensor: SNMP, Packet Sniffing,
NetFlow, Latency. Phin bn min ph ch h tr SNMP v Packet Sniffing.
SNMP sensor c s dng theo di cc traffic IN v OUT ca cng
trn router. Packet Sniffing c s dng theo di cc traffic ca card
mng ti my s dng. Trn hp thoi Data Acquisition Type, la chn
SNMP.

Add Sensor Wizard SNMP Sensor Type Selection
Trn hp thoi SNMP Sensor Type Selection, la chn Standard Traffic
Sensor. Cc la chn khc ty thuc vo thit b h tr SNMP.

Add Sensor Wizard Device Selection
Trn hp thoi Device Selection, xc nh cc gi tr: - Device Name/Alias:
Nhp tn router do bn t quy nh. C th chn IP ca thit b cho d
nh. - IP Address/DNS Name: a ch IP ca router. - SNMP Version:
Phin bn ca SNMP trn router h tr. Trong v d ny router h tr
SNMP V1/V2 nn c th chn V2c. C th chn ln lt tng phin bn
th. - SNMP port: gi tr ngm nh ca cng SNMP l 161. - SNMP
Community String: Ngm nh l public. Gi tr ny c th kim tra phn
cu hnh SNMP trn router. Nu s dng SNMP V3, cn phi xc nh
SNMP User, Authentication Mode v Password, c thm la chn l Data
Encryption key.

Add Sensor Wizard Sensor Selection
Trn hp thoi Sensor Selection s xut hin cc cng m router h tr.
La chn cng theo di ADSL l ppp0. Lu cc k hiu: ppp: Point-to-
Point Protocol; eth: Ethernet; br: Bridge; wlan: Wireless. Sau khi la chn
cng theo di, xut hin giao din ha theo di bng thng ca cng
tng ng.

Sensor Monitoring
Vic hin th c chia thnh cc loi biu h tr ngi qun tr theo
di thun tin: Live Graph 60 Minutes, Graph 24 Hours, Graph 30 days,
Graph 365 days vi cc mc thi gian v gi tr trung bnh khi hin th khc
nhau. Lu ng mu xanh l Bandwith Traffic OUT, ng mu nu
l Bandwith Traffic IN. Trn y l mt tnh nng ca PRTG Traffic Grapher
h tr ngi qun tr theo di bng thng ca router ADSL. Cc tnh nng
khc, ngi c c th tham kho tr gip ca chng trnh.Centos5f4vn