Famennian

Givetian
Eifelian
Lochkovian
Pragian
Frasnian
Emsian
Ludfordian
Gorstian
Homerian
Sheinwoodian
Telychian
Aeronian
Rhuddanian
P

h

a

n

e

r

o

z

o

i

c
P

a

l

e

o


z

o

i

c
Pridoli
Ludlow
Wenlock
Llandovery
Upper
Middle
Lower
D
e
v
o
n
i
a
n
411.2 2.8
416.0 2.8
422.9 2.5
428.2 2.3
Lopingian
Guadalupian
Cisuralian
Upper
Upper
Middle
Middle
Lower
Lower
Upper
Upper
Middle
Middle
Lower
Lower
P

h

a

n

e

r

o

z

o

i

c
P

a

l

e

o


z

o

i

c
M

e

s

o


z

o

i

c
C
a
r
b
o
n
i
f
e
r
o
u
s
P
e
r
m
i
a
n
J
u
r
a
s
s
i
c
T
r
i
a
s
s
i
c
150.8 4.0
~ 155.6
161.2 4.0
164.7 4.0
167.7 3.5
171.6 3.0
175.6 2.0
183.0 1.5
189.6 1.5
196.5 1.0
199.6 0.6
203.6 1.5
216.5 2.0
~ 228.7
237.0 2.0
~ 245.9
~ 249.5
251.0 0.4
318.1 1.3
260.4 0.7
253.8 0.7
265.8 0.7
268.0 0.7
270.6 0.7
275.6 0.7
284.4 0.7
294.6 0.8
299.0 0.8
303.4 0.9
307.2 1.0
311.7 1.1
Tithonian
Kimmeridgian
Oxfordian
Callovian
Bajocian
Bathonian
Aalenian
Toarcian
Pliensbachian
Sinemurian
Hettangian
Rhaetian
Norian
Carnian
Ladinian
Anisian
Olenekian
Induan
Changhsingian
Wuchiapingian
Capitanian
Wordian
Roadian
Kungurian
Artinskian
Sakmarian
Asselian
Gzhelian
Kasimovian
Moscovian
Bashkirian
Serpukhovian
Visean
Tournaisian
P
e
n
n
-
s
y
l
v
a
n
i
a
n
M
i
s
s
i
s
-
s
i
p
p
i
a
n
359.2 2.5
345.3 2.1
328.3 1.6
374.5 2.6
385.3 2.6
391.8 2.7
397.5 2.7
407.0 2.8
443.7 1.5
436.0 1.9
439.0 1.8
418.7 2.7
Ediacaran
Cryogenian
Tonian
Stenian
Ectasian
Calymmian
Statherian
Orosirian
Rhyacian
Siderian
Neo-
proterozoic
Neoarchean
Mesoarchean
Paleoarchean
Meso-
proterozoic
Paleo-
proterozoic
A
r
c
h
e
a
n
P
r
o
t
e
r
o
z
o
i
c
P

r

e

c

a

m

b

r

i

a

n
~635
850
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2050
2300
2500
2800
3200
3600
4000
~4600
Upper
Ionian
Calabrian
Selandian
Tortonian
Serravallian
Langhian
Burdigalian
Aquitanian
Ypresian
Chattian
Rupelian
Priabonian
Danian
Thanetian
Bartonian
Lutetian
Campanian
Santonian
Turonian
Coniacian
Albian
Aptian
Berriasian
Barremian
Valanginian
Hauterivian
Maastrichtian
Cenomanian
Piacenzian
Messinian
Zanclean
Gelasian
P

h

a

n

e

r

o

z

o

i

c
C

e

n

o

z

o

i

c
M

e

s

o

z

o

i

c
1.806
0.126
0.781
2.588
5.332
7.246
11.608
13.82
15.97
20.43
70.6 0.6
65.5 0.3
83.5 0.7
85.8 0.7
~ 88.6
93.6 0.8
40.4 0.2
37.2 0.1
33.9 0.1
28.4 0.1
23.03
48.6 0.2
55.8 0.2
58.7 0.2
~ 61.1
99.6 0.9
112.0 1.0
125.0 1.0
130.0 1.5
~ 133.9
140.2 3.0
145.5 4.0
C
r
e
t
a
c
e
o
u
s
P
a
l
e
o
g
e
n
e
N
e
o
g
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S
y
s
t
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P
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d
E
o
n
o
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h
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m
E
o
n
E
r
a
t
h
e
m
E
r
a
S
t
a
g
e
A
g
e
A
g
e
M
a
G
S
S
P
E
p
o
c
h
S
e
r
i
e
s
E
o
n
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t
h
e
m
E
o
n
E
r
a
t
h
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m
E
r
a
S
y
s
t
e
m
S
t
a
g
e
A
g
e
A
g
e
M
a
G
S
S
P
E
p
o
c
h
S
e
r
i
e
s
P
e
r
i
o
d
E
o
n
o
t
h
e
m
E
o
n
E
r
a
t
h
e
m
E
r
a
A
g
e
M
a
G
S
S
P
G
S
S
A
S
y
s
t
e
m
P
e
r
i
o
d
E
o
n
o
t
h
e
m
E
o
n
E
r
a
S
t
a
g
e
A
g
e
A
g
e
M
a
G
S
S
P
E
p
o
c
h
S
e
r
i
e
s
P
e
r
i
o
d
3.600
Oligocene
Eocene
Paleocene
Pliocene
Pleistocene
Upper
Lower
0.0117
INTERNATIONAL STRATIGRAPHIC CHART
International Commission on Stratigraphy
421.3 2.6
426.2 2.4
Tremadocian
Darriwilian
Hirnantian
Paibian
Upper
Middle
Lower
Series 3
Stage 3
Stage 2
Fortunian
Stage 5
Drumian
Guzhangian
Stage 9
Stage 10
Floian
Dapingian
Sandbian
Katian
Stage 4
Series 2
Terreneuvian
Furongian
C
a
m
b
r
i
a
n
O
r
d
o
v
i
c
i
a
n
~ 503
~ 506.5
~ 510 *
~ 515 *
~ 521 *
~ 528 *
460.9 1.6
471.8 1.6
488.3 1.7
~ 492 *
~ 496 *
~ 499
542.0 1.0
455.8 1.6
445.6 1.5
468.1 1.6
478.6 1.7
S
i
l
u
r
i
a
n
E
r
a
t
h
e
m
S
y
s
t
e
m
542 359.2 2.5 145.5 4.0
Q
u
a
t
e
r
n
a
r
y

*
ICS
Copyright 2008 International Commission on Stratigraphy
Subdivisions of the global geologic record are
formally defined by their lower boundary. Each unit
of the Phanerozoic (~542 Ma to Present) and the
base of Ediacaran are defined by a basal Global
Standard Section and Point (GSSP ), whereas
Precambrian units are formally subdivided by
absolute age (Global Standard Stratigraphic Age,
GSSA). Details of each GSSP are posted on the
ICS website (www.stratigraphy.org).
Numerical ages of the unit boundaries in the
Phanerozoic are subject to revision. Some stages
within the Cambrian will be formally named upon
international agreement on their GSSP limits. Most
sub-Series boundaries (e.g., Middle and Upper
Aptian) are not formally defined.
Colors are according to the Commission for the
Geological Map of the World (www.cgmw.org).
The listed numerical ages are from 'A Geologic
Time Scale 2004', by F.M. Gradstein, J.G. Ogg,
A.G. Smith, et al. (2004; Cambridge University Press)
and The Concise Geologic Time Scale by J.G. Ogg,
G. Ogg and F.M. Gradstein (2008).
This chart was drafted by Gabi Ogg. Intra Cambrian unit ages
with * are informal, and awaiting ratified definitions.
Eoarchean
Hadean (informal)
Holocene
Miocene
* Definition of the Quaternary and revision of the Pleistocene are under discussion. Base of the Pleistocene is at 1.81 Ma
(base of Calabrian), but may be extended to 2.59 Ma (base of Gelasian). The historic Tertiary comprises the Paleogene
and Neogene, and has no official rank.