15 Call Re-Establishment

About This Chapter

The call re-establishment procedure allows an MS to resume a connection after a radio link
failure. It may take place in a new cell or a new location area.
15.1 Call Re-Establishment Procedure
This topic describes the call re-establishment procedure.
15.2 Internal BSC Signaling Procedure of Call Re-Establishment
The call re-establishment is controlled by the MSC, and the BSC does no special processing.
15.3 Abnormal Call Re-Establishment Cases
This topic describes the abnormal call re-establishment cases.
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15.1 Call Re-Establishment Procedure
This topic describes the call re-establishment procedure.
Signaling Procedure
Figure 15-1 shows the call re-establishment procedure.
Figure 15-1 Call re-establishment procedure
Channel
Request(5)
Clear Request(2)
Cipher Mode
Complete(11)
Cipher Mode
Command(10)
Assignment
Request(12)
Status Enquiry(14)
Status(15)
CM Re-establishment
Request(7)
CC(8)
CM Service Accepted (9)
MS BSS RNC MSC
Connection Failure
Indication(radio link failure)(1)
RACH
Establish Indication(CM
Reestablishment Request)(6)
Clear Command(3)
Assignment
Complete(13)
FACCH
RACH
Start
T3230
Stop
T3230
Start
T322
FACCH
Stop
T322
1. After a radio link failure is detected, the BTS sends the BSC a Connection Failure Indication
message, which contains the cause value for radio link failure.
2. The BSC sends the MSC a Clear Request message, which contains the cause for the
abnormal release.
3. Upon receiving the Clear Request message, the MSC sends the BSC a Clear Command
message, requesting the release of radio resources.
4. The BSC initiates a release procedure, releases the channel resources on the Um interface,
and returns a Clear Complete message to the MSC.
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5. The MS sends the BTS a Channel Request message and initiates an immediate assignment
procedure.
6. The MS initiates a call re-establishment procedure by sending the BSC a CM Re-
establishment Request message. In addition, the MM entity of the MS starts timer T3230,
gives an indication to all CM entities that are being re-established, and remains in the MM
sublayer state Wait For Reestablish. The CM Re-Establishment Request message contains
the IMSI (or TMSI), classmark 2, and Ciphering Key Sequence Number (CKSN).
7. The BSC establishes an SCCP link connection on the A interface and sends the MSC a CM
Service Request message.
8. The MSC sends the BSC a Connect Confirm message.
9. The MSC sends the MS a CM Service Accepted message on the SDCCH on the Um
interface.
10. The MSC initiates the ciphering mode setting procedure by sending a Cipher Mode
Command message. For details, refer to the ciphering procedure. Once the ciphering
procedure is complete or the CM Service Accept message is received, the MS stops timer
T3230 and enters the MM sublayer state MM Connection Active.
11. The BSC returns a Cipher Mode Complete message to the MSC.
12. The MSC sends the BSC an Assignment Request message and initiates a signaling
processing procedure. For details about the signaling procedure, refer to the mobile
originating call establishment procedure.
13. The BSC returns an Assignment Complete message to the MSC.
14. The MSC initiates the status enquiry procedure by sending the MS a Status Enquiry
message. At the same time, timer T322 is started.
15. The MS reports its call state or attach state to the MSC. The MSC stops timer T322
accordingly.
Procedure Description
For details about the call re-establishment procedure, refer to the following:
1. Steps 1 through 4 shown in Figure 15-1 is radio resource release procedure, which is the
same as the normal release procedure.
2. Steps 5 through 9 shown in Figure 15-1 is the immediate assignment procedure, namely,
the signaling channel seizure procedure.
3. Steps 10 and 11 shown in Figure 15-1 is the ciphering procedure.
4. Steps 12 and 13 shown in Figure 15-1 is the assignment procedure.
5. Initiation of the call re-establishment procedure
If a cell is required to support call re-establishment, Call Re-Establishment in Cell
Attributes must be selected, and the cell cannot be in barred state.
Upon detection of a link failure, the MS sends a Channel Request message with the cause
value Call Re-Establishment in the selected cell. The previous channel resources are
released by the BSC after the timer on the BTS side expires.
Upon detection of a link failure, the BTS sends the BSC a Connection Failure message with
the cause value Radio Link Failure. Then the BSC releases the corresponding radio
resources and waits for the call re-establishment request from the MS.
6. Mode of the MS in the call re-establishment procedure
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The MS cannot return to idle mode during a call re-establishment procedure. Therefore, if
the cell selected for call re-establishment is not the location area, the MS cannot perform
location update until the call re-establishment procedure is complete.
15.2 Internal BSC Signaling Procedure of Call Re-
Establishment
The call re-establishment is controlled by the MSC, and the BSC does no special processing.
The call re-establishment is controlled by the MSC, and the BSC does no special processing.
15.3 Abnormal Call Re-Establishment Cases
This topic describes the abnormal call re-establishment cases.
15.3.1 Network Sending a CM Service Reject Message
This topic describes the fault, probable causes, and handling suggestions.
15.3.2 Call Re-Establishment Not Allowed or Re-Establishment Failure
This topic describes the fault, probable causes, and handling suggestions.
15.3.3 RR Connection Failure
This topic describes the fault, probable causes, and handling suggestions.
15.3.1 Network Sending a CM Service Reject Message
This topic describes the fault, probable causes, and handling suggestions.
Fault
After the MSC receives a CM Re-Establishment Request message, if the RR sublayer sends an
indication that the ciphering mode setting procedure is complete, or if a CM Service Accept
message is received, you can infer that the MS accepts the services. The MS re-enters the MM
sublayer state MM Connection Active.
If the re-establishment request from the MS does not correspond to its current call state, the
network returns the MS a CM Service Reject message.
Probable Causes
The probable causes are as follows:
l IMSI Unknown in VLR
l Illegal MS
l Network Failure
l Congestion
l Service Option not Supported
l Service Option Temporarily out of Order
Irrespective of the reject cause, upon receiving a CM Service Reject message, the MS releases
the MM connection and the relevant RR connection.
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Handling Suggestions
The respective handling suggestions are as follows:
l Check whether the location update procedure is performed successfully to ensure that the
IMSI is loaded to the VLR. In addition, check whether the IMSI exists in the HLR.
l Check whether the MS can access the network and can perform location update. If not,
replace the MS with a new one that can access the network.
l Modify the configuration that corresponds to call re-establishment on the network side.
l Configure more channels.
l Modify the configuration that corresponds to call re-establishment on the network side.
l Modify the configuration that corresponds to call re-establishment on the network side, for
example, the CM service related functions.
l If the early-mentioned measures do not work, analyze the values of the corresponding
information elements to find out in which network element the fault takes place. Then
perform detailed analysis in the located network element.
15.3.2 Call Re-Establishment Not Allowed or Re-Establishment
Failure
This topic describes the fault, probable causes, and handling suggestions.
Fault
When an MM connection is established, the MM layer sends an indication to the CC layer. If
the MM layer is disconnected, the connection may be re-established through a CC request.
Probable Causes
The probable causes are as follows:
l If re-establishment is not allowed, and the call is initiated within the establishment or
clearing period, the CC layer releases the MM connection.
l If re-establishment is unsuccessful, the MM connection is released, and a release indication
is sent to the CC layer.
Handling Suggestions
Check whether the call re-establishment parameter of the cell where the re-establishment
procedure is initiated is set to Allowed and whether the cell is barred.
15.3.3 RR Connection Failure
This topic describes the fault, probable causes, and handling suggestions.
Fault
Upon detection of a random access failure or an RR connection failure, the MS stops timer
T3230, aborts the call re-establishment procedure, and releases all active MM connections.
Upon detection of an RR connection failure, the MSC aborts the call re-establishment procedure
and releases all active MM connections.
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Probable Causes
The probable causes can be found out through signaling tracing.
Handling Suggestions
The handling suggestions are as follows:
l If the transmission quality on the Um interface is poor, use a test MS to measure the
signaling quality on the uplink and downlink and the power level. Improve the transmit
and receive quality and reduce the interference.
l If the channels are congested, register and observe the relevant traffic statistics to determine
the severity congestion. Exapnd the system capacity if the congestion rate is high.
l If the problem lies in the network, make adjustments on the network side to locate the
phases in which response delay happens.
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