5 4 100

*****************************************************
*****************************************

Rated voltage or voltages
Rated full-load amps for each voltage level
Frequency
Phase
Rated full-load speed
Insulation class and rated ambient temperature
Rated horsepower
Time rating
Locked-rotor code letter
Manufacturer's name and address
Frame size
Full-load efficiency
Power factor

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************..

A 3 PHASE SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR HAS

1.HIGH STARTING TORQUE

2.LOW STARTING TORQUE
LOW STARTING TORQUE
******************************************************************************
*******************************************************..
THE RUNNING SPEED OF 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR IS
1.SYNCHRONOUS SPEED
2.LESS THAN SYNCHRONOUS SPEED
3.MORE THAN SYNCHRONOUS SPEED

LESS THAN SYNCHRONOUS SPEED

******************************************************************************
IF THE ACTUAL SPEED OF INDUCTION MOTOR IS EQUAL TO SYNCHRONOUS
SPEED
1.DEVALOPE TORQUE
2.NOT DEVELOP TORQUE.
NOT DEVELOP TORQUE

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************..
COMMONLY USED A.C. MOTOR FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVICES IS
1.SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
2.COMMUTATOR MOTOR
3.3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************..
A 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR IS
1.SELF STARTING
2.NOT SELF STARTING

SELF STARTING
******************************************************************************
*******************************************************..
THE NUMBER OF POLES OF A 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR AT 60 CYCLES
RUNNING BELOW 1500 RPM WILL BE
1.4 POLE
2.6 POLE
3.2 POLE

6 POLES

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************..
THE DIRECTION OF ROTATION OF 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR IS
1.SAME AS THAT OF ROTATING MAGNETIC FIELD
2.OPPOSITE TO THE DIRECTION OF ROTATING MAGNETIC FIELD

SAME AS THAT OF ROTATING MAGNETIC FIELD

******************************************************************************
..THE TORQUE IN A 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR IS PROPORTIONAL TO
1.APPLIED VOLTAGE
2.SQUARE OF THE APPLIED VOLTAGE .V2
3.SQUARE ROOT OF APPLIED VOLTAGE

SQUARE OF THE APPLIED VOLTAGE

******************************************************************************
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN STARTING OF 3 PHASE AND SINGLE
PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS?

3 PHASE MOTOR IS SELF STARTING WHEREAS 1 PHASE MOTOR IS NOT.

******************************************************************************

WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT METHODS OF STARTING OF 3 PHASE INDUCTION

MOTORS?

1) DIRECT ON LINE
2) STAR / DELTA
3) REACTOR STARTING
4) AUTO TRANSFORMER
******************************************************************************
WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF UNDER VOLTAGE ON 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR?

THE MOTOR TAKES MORE CURRENT FOR THE SAME LOAD.

******************************************************************************
WHAT CHECKS YOU MUST CARRY OUT WHEN A MOTOR TRIPS ON
THERMAL OVERLOAD?
A) CHECK THE HEALTHINESS OF ALL THREE PHASES.
B) ENSURE ALL CONNECTION TIGHTNESS IN THE POWER CIRCUIT RIGHT
FROM CONTACTOR UP TO MOTOR TERMINAL.
C) TAKE THE WINDING RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT AND SHOULD BE SAME FOR
ALL 3 WINDINGS.
D) ROTATE THE SHAFT AND CHECK FOR JAMMING.IT SHOULD TURN FREELY.
E) CHECK THE CONTACTOR CONTACTS AND MAKE SURE THAT THERE IS
NO PITTING ON THEM AND CONTACTS MAKE FIRMLY.
F) START THE MOTOR AND MEASURE THE CURRENTS IN ALL THE THREE
PHASES WITH A TONGUE TESTER.IT SHOULD BE WELL WITHIN THE RATING OF
THE MOTOR'S RATED CURRENT.IF THE MOTOR STILL TRIPS ON
THERMAL OVERLOAD, SURELY THE BI-****LLIC THERMAL OVERLOAD IS TO BE
CALIBRATED AND SET UP TO THE FULL LOAD RATING OF THE MOTOR

******************************************************************************
IF YOU HAVE A MOTOR OF MORE THAN 100 KW CAPACITY AND YOU ARE
ASKED TO COMMISSION IT, WHAT SUGGESTIONS YOU WILL GIVE FOR
SELECTING THE SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION ?
IT IS NORMAL PRACTICE THAT WHENEVER THE MOTOR CAPACITY INCREASES
BEYOND 90 KW THE USE OF CIRCUIT BREAKER IS MADE INSTEAD OF POWER
CONTACTOR DUE THE LIMITATION OF ITS DESIGN. AS REGARDS THE
PROTECTION THE USE OF THERMAL BI -****LLIC RELAY IS AVOIDED AND USE OF
MOTOR PROTECTION RELAY IS MADE WHICH SHOULD HAVE THE FOLLOWING
FEATURES:
A) SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION (INSTANTANEOUS) TO BE SET TO 6 TO 8 * IN
(IN=RATED CURRENT OF MOTOR).
B) BLOCKED ROTOR PROTECTION (AGAINST STALLING OF MOTOR TO BE SET 2
*IN AND DELAYED BY THE STARTING TIME OF MOTOR).
C) NEGATIVE PHASE SEQUENCE PROTECTION.
D) EARTH FAULT PROTECTION.
E) THERMAL REPLICA
*****************************************************************************.
what are the conventional ways by which the speed of a polyphase induction motor can be
changed?
1- For squirrel cage motor
- by using a stator winding which can be connected for a different no of poles .
- by varying the frequency .
2- For wound rotor :
- by cascade connection of two or more motors.
- by inserting voltage in the rotor circuit .
- by inserting resistance in the rotor circuit

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************.

: ( )
P=T*W
P=T*K*F
F T
P
T
F
k
******************************************************************************
*******************************************************
B F

:
E 75 1-
B 80 2-
F 100 3-
H 125 4-
F
B. F B

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************
?PT100 PT 100

100

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************

2
******************************************************************************
*******************************************************

2

what are disadvantages of low power factor?

1. large KVA rating of equipment
2. Greater conductor size
3. large copper losses
4. poor voltage regulation
5. Reduced handling capacity of system
******************************************************************************
*******************************************************

1- ) ( 2

2 - 2

Classify the power converters

Power converters can be classified into many types according to their type of electrical
conversion.

Inverter is one of these families which converts the power from DC power with DC voltage to
AC power with V (Voltage) and f (frequency).

Rectifiers convert the AC power V (Voltage) and f (frequency) to DC power level VDC.

Choppers are dc-dc converters, converts directly dc to dc.

AC/AC Converter (Matrix Converter) converts the AC power from a voltage or a frequency level
into another level
******************************************************************************
*******************************************************
rectifier
1- half wave contrrol rectifier
2- full wave contrrol rectifier
3- half wave uncontrrol rectifier
4- full wave uncontrrol rectifier

*******************************************************

UPS
Battery Backup Uninterrupted Power Supply UPS :

UPS-- -- )(Auxiliary Supply
UPS 5 15 UPS
UPS Telecommunication,Data Center,Computers
UPS Abnormal Condition

: 1-

VoltageSag: 2-

voltageSpike: 3-

: 4-
) (T~V^2

: 5-

50 : 60 6-

(Sweatching Transient): 7-

: 8-

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************

)1: 20.
)2
3)
)(soft starter )4

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************
-1
20 10
.

1 ( )1
)2(
)3(
() ( )
.
******************************************************************************
*******************************************************

 - KW 16 - KV8740 11BUS BAR - KV MVA11/33

. 33KV
Star / Delta
Stator Reactance or Switch
Squirrel Cage Auto Transformer
Wound Rotor I. M.
. Rotor Resistance
-
. Rotor Resistance Wound Rotor I. M.
******************************************************************************
*******************************************************


. -

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************
1.5
2
.

Derating .

******************************************************************************
*****************************************************
single phase induction
.

Starting 8


.

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************

.



******************************************************************************
*******************************************************

******************************************************************************
*******************************************************

SF 1.15
Service Factory SF
%15

******************************************************************************
***************************************************
:1
:
37 1- direct on line {DOL} .
372- star- delta .
500 3003- soft start .

:2 10 . 20
:

. 2
1.5
. 10 . 20 20 30

:3 10 .
: = \
10 . 20 3
= 3\20 7

R , S , T , N "380
." 28= 7*4 *

:4
:
:
RS R :
. T
:
.

:5
OVER LOAD . : :
OVER LOAD . : ""

PT CT:6
:CT "current transformer"
PT "potential transformer"

CT:7
:

 C.B:8
: 630 3600 3000 800
SF6 , AIR BLAST C.B , OIL C.B , VACUUM.

POLE 0.5 125 MINITURE 1 :

2POLE 3 POLE 4 . POLE

630 400 200 125 100 32 16 COMPACT:

.

C.B :9
" -1: . "
2-
POLE. 1 2 3- 3

10 . full load current C.B :10

==full load C.B current 1.5 :
30 full load C.B current 10 20 .

OVER LOAD :11

full load current: %90
..............> 2010 .
OVER LOAD
0.9*20=18

Contactor:12
-1 :
poles 2-
3-
auxiliary points 4-

"<"I >" , "V :13

"> : "I
OVER CURRENT RELAY

"<"V
UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY

)(D.O.L MOTOR STARTING:14

direct on line
. DELTA-STAR :

.................................................. ..........................

:1
:2
:3
:4
:5
BOKLYZE RELAY:6
PLC:7
:8

trep alarm

1
2
3
4
5
6

,
.

:1
:
37 1- direct on line {DOL} .
372- star- delta .
500 3003- soft start .

 :2 10 . 20

:

. 2
1.5
. 10 . 20 20 30

:3 10 .
\ = :
)[/size] 10 ( [SIZE="5"]
. 20 3
= 20\3 7

R , S , T , N "380
." 28= 7*4 *

:4
:
:
RS R :
. T
:
.

 :5
OVER LOAD . : :
OVER LOAD . : ""
][/size ]"[SIZE="5

PT CT:6
:CT "current transformer"
PT "potential transformer"
(
),


CT:7
:

 C.B:8
3600 : 630 3000 800
SF6 , AIR BLAST C.B , OIL C.B , VACUUM.

POLE 0.5 125 MINITURE 1 :

2POLE 3 POLE 4 . POLE

630 400 200 125 100 32 16 COMPACT:

.

C.B :9
" -1: . "
2-
POLE. 1 2 3- 3

20 85

10 . full load current C.B :10

==full load C.B current 1.5 :
30 full load C.B current 10 20 .

OVER LOAD :11

full load current %: 90
..............> 2010 .
OVER LOAD
0.9*20=18

Contactor:12
-1 :
poles 2-
3-
auxiliary points 4-
"<"I >" , "V :13
"> : "I
OVER CURRENT RELAY

"<"V
UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY

)(D.O.L MOTOR STARTING:14

direct on line
. DELTA-STAR :

rated current %40

) (

( rated ) %5
.............

P
=P.F
S

A.VO 1-
Diode


a.c 2-
clamp meter chopper ,autotransformer
3-


.......


.... \

...

slip
)) P=3*V*I*P.F power

Slip of motor= Sm=R2/Xeq .....
slip motor ....
Power

( 1-
)

vStator& rotor winding: phase to phase , phase to ground , interturn By using (differential
relay)..
vUnbalance phases
vOpen one phase
vOver &under voltage
vOver load

vFlash over on rotor winding

vEarth fault
vMotor temperature
2-
Overload&shortcircuit

1-
Slip energy recovery ) (

prime mover 2

crawling
((squirrel cage 1/7
slip Ns

cogging

Voltage control

Frequency control

Voltage / frequency control
Adding resistance with slip ring rotor

No of poles


--

2-

:
( (prime mover
.
((Damping

.

Cycloconverter
.

3-

4-

.
DC 1-

AC 4-

AC 2-

5-
S.M

.

 Damper winding 6-
((Damping
.

7-
.
.

8-
-
Q P
( UNDER EXCITED OVER EXCITED
).

- DC
Q P
.

-9
9
:

1) Phase &Ground fault protection.

2) Inter turn fault protection.
3) Over&Under voltage protection.

4) Temperature (Thermal) protection.

1) Ground fault on rotor winding.

2) Loss of excitation.
3) Over speed.
4) Motoring of generator.
)5

10-

50 60
.
.

BRUSHLESS 11-

)EXCITATION

 -12
:

Speed Governor.

13-

).(Same Voltage 1.
).( Same Frequency 2.
. (Same Phase Sequence 3.
). (Same Phase Shift 4.

( -14
Over Excited
( Qmax (
.

( electric field) (magnetic field)

(magnetic field)
[IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot4.jpg[/IMG]([IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/mozscreenshot3.jpg[/IMG][IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/mozscreenshot-5.jpg[/IMG]electric field)

90

V=Vmcos(wt
(

i(t)=imsin(wt
[IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot9.jpg[/IMG][IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/mozscreenshot-10.jpg[/IMG]i(t)=imcos(wt-90
90

i(t)=-imsin(wt
i(t)=imcos(wt+90
[IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot8.jpg[/IMG][IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/mozscreenshot6.jpg[/IMG][IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/mozscreenshot-7.jpg[/IMG]

(losses) (core)

( open cicuit)

http://www.sayedsaad.com/montada/sho...CA%C3%D1%ED%D6
http://www.sayedsaad.com/montada/sho...CA%C3%D1%ED%D6
http://www.sayedsaad.com/montada/sho...CA%C3%D1%ED%D6
[IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot2.jpg[/IMG][IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/mozscreenshot.jpg[/IMG][IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LO
CALS%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot-1.jpg[/IMG]

)(magnetic field )(electric field

)electric field (magnetic field)

90

V=Vmcos(wt
(
)
i(t)=imsin(wt
i(t)=imsin(wt-90
90

i(t)=-imsin(wt
i(t)=imcos(wt+90


)(core )(losses

)(open cicuit

http://www.sayedsaad.com/montada/sho...CA%C3%D1%ED%D6
http://www.sayedsaad.com/montada/sho...CA%C3%D1%ED%D6
http://www.sayedsaad.com/montada/sho...CA%C3%D1%ED%D6

Bottom of Form

8
&
pm Eng.Farouk 3:24 2010 ,05

 ( )
(

DIRECTIONAL RELAY

bus bar-generators -transformer . directional relay

over current relay
(fault) relay
(fault)
C.B relay relay
directional relay : .
over current relay 1 --
Instantaneous directional relay--2
bus bar
..

BUSBAR DIFFRENTIAL RELAY 3 --

voltage supervision relay .

 HVHRC 4 --

High Voltage High Rupturing Capacity fuse :

.

5 --
( ...)
) . (
.
. ( ) . ( )
.

( ) . ( )

.
.

-
.
.
.

6 --

7 --

1-soft starter
2-

. 8 --
( 50)
.
..

) (Tertiary Winding 9 --
Tertiary Winding



,
.
.

10 --
. -- 1
) ( look out -- 2
. -- 3
.

? 11 --
. 1 --
) ( 2 --
) ( 3 --
) ( 4 --

. 12 --
-- 1
open delta 2 --

 21
.. 3 --

4 5613 --
:

1 --
. 2 --
. 3 --
.

?? Open delta 14 --



..

)(Y () 15 --

??ATS 16 --
) (ac
ac alternator
ac to dc matching rectifier
alternator
. )(

.

Armory 17 --
Armory

Is.c
isolating
..

18 --What is the IP standard "Protection degrees of enclosures

IP

ex. IP 543
"5" dust
"4" " water or "liquid
"3" mechanical impact

mechanical impact
.

19 -- ANSI DEVICE NUMBERS

:
NO.2 MEANS TIME DELAY
NO.21 MEANS DISTANCE
NO.25 MEANS SYNCHRONISM-CHECK
NO.27 MEANS UNDERVOLTAGE
NO.30 MEANS ANNUNCIATOR
NO.32 MEANS DIRECTIONAL POWER
NO.37 MEANS UNDERCURRENT OR UNDERPOWER
NO.38 MEANS BEARING
NO.40 MEANS FIELD
NO.46 MEANS REVERSE-PHASE
NO.47 MEANS PHASE-SEQUENCE VOLTAGE
NO.49 MEANS THERMAL

NO.50 MEANS INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT

NO.51 MEANS AC TIME OVER CURRENT
NO.59 MEANS OVER VOLTAGE
NO.60 MEANS VOLTAGE BALANCE
MEANS PRESSURE (MECHANICAL PROTECTION) NO.63
NO.64 MEANS APPARATUS GROUND
NO.67 MEANS AC DIRECTIONAL OVER CURRENT
NO.68 MEANS BLOCKING
NO.69 MEANS PERMISSIVE
NO.74 MEANS ALARM
NO.76 MEANS DC OVER CURRENT
NO.78 MEANS OUT-OF-STEP
NO.79 MEANS AC RECLOSING
NO.81 MEANS FREQUENCY
NO.85 MEANS CARRIER OR PILOT-WIRE
NO.86 MEANS LOCK OUT
NO.87 MEANS DIFFERENTIAL
NO.94 MEANS TRIPPING
..

20 --
.

21 --
:

mA Hz30 2000
. 60-50 5-3
- 60 50
.
-
40 1000 30
. 13 500
-
.
: ( )-
.
. -
fibrillation -

.
-
.
-
. Let Go Current -
50 - 65
110
. 30 60
-
.

. -

22 --
-InL - Is.c - Ioff - Io.c - IL Ir
: Ioff , InL,IL,Ir,Io.c,IS.C

23 --
fire fitting :
:
:
) (

24 --
( ) -
( ( ) ( -
.

 25 --
- -
- -

..

? demand load connected load 26 --

connect load

connect load
.
demand load
connect load
diffarcity factor factor

.
.

recepticals bye 3 wire not 2wire as Egypt 27 --

. short hot and neutral only

.

 ground short ground

.
..

28
:
. Recovery voltage:
. Resitriking voltage:
Transient over voltage:
.
) Phase short circuit (First phase to clear the fault: 3
.
. Resitriking voltage
1.5.
Symmetrical fault:
.
:
3phase fault
3phase to ground fault
As Symmetrical fault:
.
:
Single phase to ground fault
Two phase to ground fault
Phase to phase fault

 ) (Fault current If Zero sequence impedance:

, ( )(Neutral point ) (Fault
). ......,
Source impedance
.
Inductive type voltage impedance:
,
. V 110
, Out off phase switching:
phase Short circuit 2 ,
.

?? Over current Over load 29 ---

%. % 10 25

1000 200 1200
40
. 240
. .
. % 25 - 10
.
Over current

. % 50

 ( )
.
..

30 ---

.
Vacuum Circuit Breaker 1 -

1000000000 / 1 Torr


. 36
Oil Circuit Breaker 2 -



.
SF6 Circuit Breaker 3 -

. 1100
. SF6
.

31 :

 single line diagram 1 -

wiring diagram - 2
3 -
--4
5 -
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11

32
- 1
2 -
3 -
4 -
- 5
6-

 33
: - 1

: - 2
: - 3

: - 4

34 :
:
2 - - 1

.

/110 1/ 400 5/ 400 100/ 6600066000
100/ 11000. 110/ 11000
..

35 :
- 1

 - 2

1 - 3 5
100 110
.

rated burden 36

p20 , 30 VA 37 5
p p Name plate
ALF p Accuracy class 5
20
. 30
VA % 5 20 30

class KL CL pp 6 X 3P 5
. n 20 class 2 class 0.5

38 :
) (continuity - 1

 1000 10 - 2
20
- 3
- 4
- 5
% 10 % 50
.
6-
=

..

39
K , L S2 , S1

In
= ( )

..

40

..

41 -


65 95



50 70 100

( ) 42



2




..

43

44:
11 . - 1

- 2
) ( - 3
- 4
.

45 :

1 1 2, 1

66 .

. 66 .
.

 11 . 46 :

: - 1
- 2

) ( - 3
11 . - 4
11 . - 5
- 6
- 7
..

11 . 47
- 1
- 2
- 3
-4
- 5
- 6
- 7
-8

 - 9
- 10

- 11

12


- 13
.

48
- 1
- 2
-3

4 -
- 5
6 -
66 . 11 . 7 -
11. 8 -
2, 1 - 9
66 .

 49
- 1

- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
6 -

50
66 . 220 .

51
1 -
2 -


3 -

 - 4

- 5

- 6
- 7
-8

52 -
(

.................................................................................................................................................

( 53 -
, )


.

. .
.

Frequency load shedding 54 --

When the load increase ------------------the frequency decrease

when the load decrease ------------------the frequency Increase
Frequency Governor



/ speed governor
stability frailer

.....................................................................................................................
:

How the voltage affect by Reactive Power??55

Answer: The voltage affects directly with the reactive power in the power systems so if the
reactive power increased the voltage increase and vise versa when the reactive power decrease
the voltage decrease.
.

56 --




= () / 3


.
phase .
.
.
--.

load bank resistor 57

UPS

) ( LOAD BANK RESISTOR
. STANDBY
.

58 --

()
.
. ( )

governor 59 --
under voltage
. f n
superheated steam air
. torque

60 -
zero sequence current
.
.

61 --

""""
(())



.


.

(

.

BURDEN 62 --
. BURDEN
VAVA 30 Name Plate 15 Volt Ampere BURDEN
Cl 0.5 P20 Accuracy 5
..

63 --

. (
) ,

1 --
2 --

 64 --
.
.
.
: .
600
: 18
1733
: . 1800

: 1831
) 20 (
: 1865
.

: 65 --
. 1.
. 2.
. 3.
. 4.
" "
. ELCB
" "
. MCB
" "
ELCB
.

 magnetic field electric field , 66 --

) (magnetic field ) (electric field
electric field) (magnetic field)
67 --
90

)V=Vmcos(wt

)I(t)=imsin(wt
90

)I(t)=-imsin(wt
)I(t)=imcos(wt+90

68 --
short

(open circuit)


.

 69 --



(KNEE POINT)
.

. ) (KNEE POINT

fuse&CB 70 --

FUSE CB
FUSE &CB
)( PROTECTION COORDINATION
Faults 71 --
Fault In Electrical Power System:
1- Multi-phase Short Circuit "High Current will flow
a- Balanced three phase Fault
b- Single Phase - to - ground Fault
c- Double phase to ground Fault
d- Phase to phase Fault

 % 80 Single Phase - to - ground Fault

.

. joints

2- 1-
4- 3-
5-
7- 6-
10- 9- 8-
Slip 12- 11-
crawling 14- 13-
16- cogging 15-
squirrel cage


3- 2- 1-
5- 4-
6-

8- - -
:
-
)(Differential protection
-
) (Over voltage protection
-
)(Distance protection
-
)(Over voltage protection
11- 10- 9-

skin effect-corona-sag-slip-power factor 1-

 transposition 2-

3-

- : - - 4-

: 5-

conductor- bundled-Ferranti effect-impedance voltage power factor

improvement

static var compasator 7-

8-

tap changer 9

10-

5-

special machine 3-

Linear motor Stepper motor 2- 1-

transformer 4-

single line diagram 1-

2-
-
-
-
-

D-DY-Y D-Y Y-D 3-

4-
5-
6-

EfficiencyRegulatione

Transformer A 70% 2%

Transformer B 80% 4%

open delta 7-
8-
-
-

third harmonic 9-
YD11 10--
)(outotransformer 11--
12--
13-
2 14-
15-
16-
17-
18-
19-
20-

 21-
22-
23--
.. 125-75 24-
25-

5- Transposion 4- 3- 2- 1-
7- 132 6- bundle
9- 8- 500
11- frenti effect 10-
13- phase not large or less 12- 3
14-

17- tracking 16- 15-

) 18- 500220(
21- 20- ) ( 19-
23- garde ring 22- ( )
-2 -3 -4 -5 1- single line diagram

26- 25- 24-

27-
29- 28-

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