ADVERSE EFFECTS: Anorexia,nausea,metallic taste and abdominal cramps are the most common.
Prolonged administration may cause peripheral neuropathy and cns effects. Thrombophlebitis of the injected vein occurs if the solution is not well diluted.
CONTRAINDICATIONS: Metronidazole is contraindicated in neurological disease, blood dyscriasis,first trimester of pregnancy and chronic alcoholism DOSAGE: For mild intestinal ds- 400mg tds for 5-7 days For invasive dysentery and liver abscess- 800mg tds for 7-10 days Pid- 400mg bd for 14 days
SALBUTAMOL It is a highly selective beta 2 agonist
USES: It is used to abort and terminate attacks of asthma, but is not suitable for round the clock prophylaxis.
SIDE EFFECTS: Muscle tremors are the dose related side effects. Palpitations,restlessness,nervousness,throat irritation and ankle edema can also occur.
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION: Tablet,syrup,mdi,rota caps DOSE: 100-200 Micro gram by inhalation DICLOFENAC It is an aryl acetic acid derivative. It has an analgesic antipyretic and an inflammatory action. It inhibits PG synthesis and is a non selective COX inhibitor. The antiplatelet action is short lasting. Neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production at the inflammatory site are reduced USES: Rheumatoid arthritis Ostoarthritis Bursitis Ankylosing spondylitis Tooth ache Dysmenorrhoea
DOSE: 50 mg tds, 75mg deep i.m
ADVERSE EFFECTS: epigastric pain,nausea, headache, dizziness,rashes. Gastric ulceration and bleeding are less common. FLUCONAZOLE It is a triazole with high water solubility, good csf penetration and having a wider range of activity than ketoconazole.
SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea, vomiting,abdominal pain,rashes and headache. Elevation of hepatic transaminase has been Noted.
DOSE: 150 mg oral dose for vaginal candidiasis ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION: Oral, eye drops, i.v PERMETHRIN It is a broad spectrum and potent pyrethroid insecticide, currently the most efficaceous and most convenient drug for both scabies and lice. It causes neurological paralysis in insects, probably by delaying depolarization. Nearly 100% cure rates have been obtained in scabies and pediculosis.
Single application is needed in most cases.
USES: 5% cream apply all over the body except face and head. Wash after 8 to 12 hrs. (for scabies) 1% lotion massage about 30g into the scalp, washoff after 10 min(for lice)
SIDE EFFECTS: Few pts may experience mild and transient burning , itching, tingling, erythema or rash. CHLORPHENAMINE It is a 1 st gen antihistaminic.
USES: 1. Prevention of symptoms of allergic conditions such as rhinitis and urticaria. 2. decongestant 3. cough and uri in children 6yrs and older and in adults SIDE EFFECTS: Drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, anxiety, nausea, blurred vision and restlessness.
DOSE:0.1 mg/kg i.m, oral 2-4mg BETADINE It is an iodophore which is a soluble complex of iodine with large molecular organic compound that serve as carriers- release free iodine slowly. It is non irritating ,non toxic ,non staining and exerts prolonged germicidal action. Treated areas can be bandaged or occluded without risk of blistering.
USES: It is used on boils, furunculosis, burns, otitis externa, ulcers, tinea, monilial/trichomonal/nonspecific vaginitis and for surgical scrubbing, disinfection of endoscopes and instruments.
DOSE:5% solution
ACYCLOVIR This deoxiguanosine analogue antiviral drug requires a virus specific enzyme for conversion to active metabolite that inhibits DNA synthesis and viral application. Acyclovir is active only against herpes group of viruses: H.simplex type1 is most sensitive followed by H.simlex type2 > varicella zoster virus=epstein barr virus, while cmv is Practically not affected.
USES: Genital herpes simplex Mucocutaneous H. Simlex H. Simplex encephalitis(type 1 virus) H. Simlex (type 1) keratitis
Herpes zoster Chicken pox Herpetic genital ulcer
ADVERSE EFFECTS: Topical: stinging and burning sensation after each application. Oral: the drugs is well tolerated; headache; nausea, malaise and some cns effects are Reported. i.v: rashes,sweating,emesis and fall in bp occur only in few pts. Dose dependent decrease in gfr is the most important toxicity; occurs especially in those with kidney disease; normalises on discontinuation of the drug. No teratogenic potential has been noted. DOSE: 200 mg tab, 250 mg/vial for i.v inj Genital herpetic ulcer: 400 mg tds for 7 days THANK YOU