VENTURIMETER

INTRODUCTION:
The Ventura meter used in this experiment consists of successive converging, uniform and
diverging sections equipped with pressure taps at selected locations.
A Ventura meter is a device for determining the flow-rate of a fluid down a pipe. One measures
the pressure difference between the venture inlet and neck, and from this the flow-rate can be
determined.
OBJECTIVE:
To stud the variation of !
od
and discharge with respect the head b plotting the following graphs
Qa Vs h
Qa Vs h
Taking h and h on x-axis and Qa on -axis
THEORY:
Venturimeter is a device used for measuring the rate of flow of a fluid through a pipe. The basic
principle on which a venturimeter works is that b reducing the cross sectional area of the flow
of passage, a pressure difference is created and the measurement of the pressure difference
enables the determination of the discharge through a pipe.
The Venturimeter consists of three main parts as shown in fig ".
1. !onvergent cone
2. A !lindrical throat
3. #ivergent cone
The inlet section of the venturimeter is of the same diameter as that of the pipe, which is
followed b a convergent cone. The convergent cone is a short pipe, which tapers from the
original si$e of the pipe to that of the throat of the venturimeter. The throat of the venturimeter is
a short parallel-sided tube having uniform cross sectional area smaller than that of the pipe. The
divergent cone of the venturimeter is a graduall diverging pipe with its cross sectional area
increasing from that of the throat to the original si$e of the pipe. At the inlet section and at the
throat, %i.e., section " and &' pressure taps are provided to measure the pressure difference. (
appling the (ernoulli equation to the inlet section and at the throat, %i.e., section " and &' an
expression for the discharge is obtained.
)ater is allowed to flow through the meter at different rates ranging from $ero to the maximum
and the corresponding pressure differences shown in the manometer are noted. The actual
discharge A is determined using the measuring tank and the stop watch.
Actual discharge %A' *
Where
a Area of measuring tank in cm
2
h Height differences in pyrometer in cm
t Time to collect water for a height difference of h cm measured in !econds
Theoretical discharge is gi"en #y
)here
A
1
The area at inlet side in cm
2
A
2
The area at throat in cm
2
H
w
Head difference in the manometer con"erted to cm of water
g Acceleration due to gra"ity $%.&1 m'sec()
*oefficient of discharge is gi"en #y
OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS:
+lan area of the tank A ,
Sl. no
Time for
10cm rise
of !"er
le#el $s%
&c"'!l
(isc)!r*e &
cm
+
,s
Differen"i!l
)e!( in cm. of
merc'r-
Differen"i!l
)e!( in cm. of
!"er.
T)eore"ic!l
(isc)!r*e
.
")/
cm
+
,s.
Coefficien" of
(isc)!r*e C
o(
)
1
)
0
)
1
1 )
0
H
'*
"
1
"
0
"
m
1
0
+
2
3
M&NU&4:
+tart the experiment b pressing the start button with keeping default values of inlet die of
venturimeter and throat die and rise of water level , and discharge ,then pass the experiment
after few ccles and note the observations.
O5ser#!"ions1:
"' Allow the water to flow from the inlet or gate valve through the pipe to the convergent cone,
then the level of the prometer rises up to some height.
&' Then the measure the pressure head in the prometer.
O5ser#!"ion0:
"' Then allow the water to flow from the convergent to throat and from the throat to the
divergent cone.
&' ,en level in the prometer rises up to some height. -ising depends upon the rate of flow of
water.
O5ser#!"ion+:
"' Then allow the water to flow in to the collecting through the outlet and after filling some
amount of water in the collecting tank ,the water level in the collecting is increased and the
measure the time taken to collect the water for ever ".cms rise.
&' -epeat the experiment b changing the discharge, inlet die and throat and rise of water level.
RESU4T: Coefficien" of (isc)!r*e of #en"'rime"re Co( 6
M&INTEN&NCE:
1. After completing the e-periment close the inlet "al"e and open all the gate
"al"es and needle "al"es to "ent any air trapped inside and then close them.
2. .rain the water from measuring tank after completing the e-periment.
.UI7:
1) Venturimeter is used to measure average velocit
a) true
#) false
2) Angle of contraction is more than angle of diversion
a) true
#) false
3) The inlet length of the Venturimeter/s greater than outlet pipe
a) true
#) false
/) Actual discharge is obtained b %A'* a x h0t
a) true
#) 1alse
0) !oefficient of discharge is calculated b *d *QaQt
a' True
b' 1alse
RE8ERENCE:
1) 1234# 56!,A74!+ - -8 (A7+A2
2) 69:6-4567T+ O7 1234# 56!,A74!+ - +A-A(;4T +47<,
3) )484:6#4A
/) The constructor- http=00theconstructor.org0