For effective presentation

Unit -2
2nd order systems RLC circuit

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Topics
Review of 1st order systems
What is a 2nd order circuit?
Source free series RLC circuit

Source free parallel RLC circuit

Review of 1st order circuit

First-order circuit can only contain one energy storage element (a
capacitor or an inductor). The circuit will also contain resistance.
1st order circuits

RC circuit

RL circuit

Review of 1st order circuit

RL circuit

RC circuit

di
L
iR 0
dt

v ( t ) V0 e

t /

where

RC

i (t ) I 0 e

t /

L
where
R

Source free RLC circuit

What is a 2nd order circuit?

A second-order circuit is characterized by a second-order

differential equation. It consists of resistors and the equivalent of
two energy storage elements of different type or the same type.

Source free RLC circuit

2nd order circuit

Source free
series RLC

Source free
parallel RLC

Source free series RLC circuit

The solution of the source-free series RLC
circuit is called as the natural response of the
circuit.
The circuit is excited by the energy initially
stored in the capacitor and inductor.

The 2nd order of

expression

d 2i R di
i

0
2
dt
L dt LC

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Source free series RLC circuit

d 2i
di
2

2
a

w
0i 0
2
dt
dt
1. If a > wo, over-damped case

i (t ) A1e s1t A2e s2t

where

s1, 2 a a 2 w0

2. If a = wo, critical damped case

i (t ) ( A2 A1t )e at

where

s1, 2 a

3. If a < wo, under-damped case

i (t ) e at ( B1 cos w d t B2 sin w d t ) where

wd w02 a 2

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Source free series RLC circuit

Example 1

If R = 10 , L = 5 H, and C = 2
mF in 8.8, find , 0, s1 and s2.
What type of natural response
will the circuit have?

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