Calculation of sequence impedance of an overhead line

Calculation of sequence impedance of an overhead line

The Positive Sequence Impedance of 3-Phase 3-Wire Short Transmission Lines (i.e. Without
Overhead Earth Wires)
Figure below shows a general arrangement of 3-phase 3-wire overhead line conductors. The
insulators, cross arm and the pole supporting the conductors are not shown

General arrangement of a 3 phase 3 wire transmission line

Positive Sequence Resistance

For an overhead line it can be assumed that the positive sequence AC resistance of the
conductor is equal to the DC resistance of the conductor. This is similar to the cable analysis at
power frequency (i.e. 50Hz).

Positive Sequence Reactance

The positive sequence reactance of the 3 phase 3 wire line can be calculated from the following
equation:

where:

frequency
Hz
GMD - Geometric Mean (mm). For an equilateral triangle disposition of the conductors, GMD =
S - or the separation of the conductors. For any other arrangements of the 3-phase 3-wire line, it
can be calculated with the following equation:

dab, dbcand dcaare the spacing (mm) between the phase conductors as shown in the figure
above. GMR - Geometric Mean Radius of one conductor (mm). It is calculated by equation
We get the positive sequence impedance of a 3-phase 3-wire short transmission line combining
R1and X1as follows:

The Negative Sequence Impedance of a Short 3-Phase 3-Wire Transmission Line

The negative sequence impedance of the line is equal to the positive sequence impedance.

The Zero Sequence Impedance of a Short 3-Phase 3-Wire Transmission Line

To calculate the zero sequence impedance of a short 3-Phase 3-Wire transmission line, the 3
conductors must be considered as a group and therefore the equivalent GMR for the group of
conductors must be calculated. The equation to calculate the zero sequence impedance is given
below.

where Rcond - Resistance of one conductor /km

- frequency Hz
- deep layer soil resistivity -m
GMR1cond - Geometric Mean radius of one conductor (mm)

dab, dbc, and dcaare the spacing (mm) between the phase conductors as shown in the figure
above.
Reference: Fundamental of calculation of earth potential rise in the underground rise