DVT and Thrombophlebitis

LILISSETYOWATI
UMM
2014

Definition
inflammation or swelling in leg veins caused by blood
clots. Thrombophlebitis can be a complication of
varicose veins and can look red
Causes thrombophlebitis
1. Sitting down for a long time in a place where you
cannot stretch out your legs
2. During extensive bed rest following surgery.
3. hormone oestrogen for contraception or hormone
replacement, and a family history of blood clots.

The symptoms of thrombophlebitis

Red, swollen, irritated skin and tissue around the

area, such as along an affected leg.

Painful, warm, tender, or hard sensations in the
area.
Pain or tenderness which may increase when you put
pressure on the affected area.
The swollen vein may feel like a tough "cord" under
your skin.
Flexing your ankle may also be painful.
Swollen foot, especially if only one side is swollen.

The Treatment for Deep Vein Thrombosis, thrombophlebitis

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.

When a superficial blood vessel focuses on

reducing swelling and painaspirin or ibuprofen,
apply heat to the leg for 15 to 30 minutes 2-3x a daily.
Wear support hose or stockings
Receive IV drugs like heparin or fondaparinux
(Arixtra)
Oral drug like warfarin (Coumadin) for several
months
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto), apixaban (Eliquis),
edoxaban, and dabigatran (Pradaxa)

Venous Ulcers

Etiology Inflammatory processes resulting in

leukocyte activation, endothelial damage, platelet
aggregation, and intracellular edema
Incidents older age, obesity, previous leg injuries,
deep venous thrombosis, and phlebitis

Conservative Management

1. COMPRESSION THERAPY
a. Inelastic compression therapy provides high working
pressure during ambulation and muscle contraction, but no
resting pressure compared with placebo or hydroactive
dressings
b. Elastic compression therapy methods conform to changes
in leg size and sustain compression during both rest and
activity. Stockings or bandages can be used; however, elastic
wraps
c. Intermittent pneumatic compression therapy comprises a
pump that delivers air to inflatable and deflatable sleeves
that embrace extremities

2. LEG ELEVATION
3. DRESSINGS hydrocolloids, foams, hydrogels,
pastes
4. Mechanical Treatment
5. Medications
a. Pentoxifylline 400 mg 3x1 (Trental) is an inhibitor of
platelet aggregation
b. aspirin (300 mg per day) combined with compression
therapy
c. Iloprost is a vasodilator that inhibits platelet
aggregation
d. Zinc is a trace metal with potential anti-inflammatory
effects

e. ANTIBIOTICS/ANTISEPTICS
f. HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY
g. Surgical Management
1. DEBRIDEMENT
2. SKIN GRAFTING
SURGERY FOR VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY