Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Deskripsi

1.Spark yang kuat

2.Waktu pengapian yang
baik
3.Daya tahan yang cukup

(1/2)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Deskripsi

Ignition switch

lgniter
Kumparan utama

Kumparan Ignition (dengan igniter)

Kumparan sekunder

Sensors

Spark plug

Rangkaian utama

Rangkaian sekunder

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Pengubahan Sistem Pengapian

1.Breaker points type

High-tension cord
High-tension cord

Ignition switch
ST

Distributor

IG

Governor
advancer

Capasitor

Ignition
coil

Cam
Resistor

Spark
plug

Breaker
points

Vacuum advancer

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Perubahan Sistem Pengapian

2.Jenis yang dipasangi

transistor
High-tension cord
High-tension cord

Ignition switch
Distributor
Governor
advancer

Igniter

Transistor

Spark
plug

kumparan pengapian

Pembangkit sinyal
Vacuum advancer

(2/4)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Perubahan Sistem Pengapian

3. Jenis yang dipasangi

transistor dengan ESA
(Percikan Elektronik)
High-tension cord
High-tension cord

Ignition switch
Distributor
Igniter

ECU
Ignition
coil

Transistor

Spark
plug

Sensors

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Perubahan Sistem Pengapian

4.DIS (Direct
Ignition System)
Type1

Type2

Sensors

Sensors

ECU
IGT1

IGT2

ECU
IGT3

IGT2

IGT1

IGT4

Igniter
Igniter

kumparan pengapian
(dengan igniter)

High-tension
code

Spark
plug

Ignition
coil

Spark
plug
kumparan pengapian

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Perlunya Kontrol Waktu Pengapian

Waktu pengapian

TDC
ATDC10

ECU

Arah rotasi
crankshaft

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Perlunya Kontrol Waktu Pengapian

MPa

ATDC10
C
TDC

B
A

BTDC

ATDC

(1/3)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Necessity of Waktu pengapian Control

ATDC10
C
TDC
D

MPa

ECU

B
A

BTDC

ATDC

(1/3)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Perlunya Kontrol Waktu Pengapian

Kontrol waktu
pengapian
TDC

BDC

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Perlunya Kontrol Waktu Pengapian

(1) BTDC10 t

ATDC10 (2) BTDC10

ATDC10

(3) BTDC10

ATDC10

ECU

1000rpm

2000rpm

2000rpm

Ideal ignition timing

ESA
Governor advancer
Kecepatan
mesin

tinggi

t : durasi untuk ignition delay

Waktu pengapian
waktu yangmenghasilkan maximum combustion force
batas antara ignition delay period dan flame propagation speed
periode Ignition delay
periode Flame propagation
Timing advance
sudut rotasi Crankshaft

(2/3)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Ignition System

Perlunya Kontrol Waktu Pengapian

(1) BTDC20

ATDC10

(2) BTDC20

ATDC10

ATDC10 (3) BTDC20

ECU

Engine load Low

Engine load High

Engine load High

Ideal Waktu pengapian

ESA
Vacuum advancer

Manifold vacuum
Engine load

High
Low

Waktu pengapian
waktu yangmenghasilkan maximum combustion force
batas antara ignition delay period dan flame propagation speed
periode Ignition delay
periode Flame propagation
Timing advance
sudut rotasi Crankshaft

(2/3)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Perlunya Kontrol Waktu Pengapian

Knocking control

Waktu pengapian Optimal

kecil

besar
Knocking

Ukuran konsumsi bahan bakar

Output kekuatan
mesin

Retard

Waktu pengapian

Advance

(beban mesin dan kecepatan mesin konstan

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Sistem Pengapian

Deskripsi

kumparan sekunder
Core

kumparan utama

Spark plug

ON
Igniter

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Kumparan Pengapian

Pengoperasian kumparan pengapian

1.Current flowing to the

kumparan utama
lgniter

ECU

kumparan sekunder
kumparan
utama

Core

ON
Spark
plug
igniter
kumparan pengapian (dengan igniter)

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Kumparan Pengapian

Pengoperasian kumparan pengapian

2.Current stopped to the

kumparan utama

lgniter

ECU

kumparan sekunder
kumparan
utama

Core

OFF

igniter

Spark
plug

kumparan pengapian (dengan igniter)

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Igniter

Pengoperasian

Outline/
IGT signal
kecepatan
mesin

tinggi

kontrol arus konstan

Nilai yang
ditentukan

Dwell angle
control

voltase utama

Ignition

(1/2)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Igniter

Pengoperasian

kecepatan
mesin

tinggi

Constant current
control
Prescribed value
Dwell angle
control

voltase utama

Ignition

(1/2)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Igniter

Operation

kecepatan
mesin

tinggi

Constant current
control
Prescribed value
Dwell angle
control

voltase utama

Ignition

(1/2)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Igniter

Pengoperasian

IGF signal
ECU

IGT

Igniter

Constant voltage
circuit

Driver
IGF signal
generation
circuit

G
Micro processor
NE

IGF

IGT

IF1

IF2
arus utama
IGF

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Busi

Deskripsi

Terminal

Corrugations

Ceramic insulator
Upper stem

Casing
Glass seal
Resistor
Gasket
Copper core
Insulator nose
Center electrode
Ground electrode

(1/1)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Busi

Mekanisme Pengapian

(1/1)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Busi

discharge mudah

discharge sulit

Discharge voltage

1.Bentuk elektroda dan performa

pelepasan (discharge).
2.Celah busi dan tegangan yang
diperlukan

Performa Pengapian

Celah busi

besar

(1/1)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Busi

Jangkauan Panas

Heat range

Pre-ignition temperature

Center electrode
temperature (C)

Hot plug

kecepatan mesin

Cold plug
Self-cleaning
temperature

Jangkauan plug dingin

Jangkauan plug panas

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Busi

Jangkauan Panas

1.Suhu pembersihan (Self-cleaning

temperature)
2.Suhu pra pengapian (Pre-ignition
temperature)

Normal

Abnormal
Spark plug

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Busi
1.Platinum-tipped
spark plug/
2.Iridium-tipped
spark plug

Busi dengan kepala Platinum/Iridium

Conventional plug

Platinum-tipped plug

Platinumtipped

Iridium-tipped plug

Iridiumtipped

Platinumtipped

(1/2)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Busi

Busi dengan kepala Platinum/Iridium

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

TDI (TOYOTA Direct Ignition System)

Deskripsi

Conventional type
kumparan pengapian
Igniter
ECU
Distributor

DIS type
ECU
kumparan pengapiandengan igniter
Camshaft
position
sensor

Spark plug

sensor posisi crankshaft

(1/2)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

TDI (TOYOTA Direct Ignition System)

Waktu pengapian (timing advance)

Deskripsi

tinggi
kecepatan mesin
jumlah intake air
(beban mesin)
tinggi
Peta ESA

(1/1)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

TDI (TOYOTA Direct Ignition System)

1.Sensor posisi poros engkol (sensor
posisi crankshaft (NE))
2.Sensor posisi poros bubungan
(camshaft position sensor (G))
3.Sensor knock Knock (KNK)
4.Sensor posisi katup penutup (throttle)
(VTA)
5.Meteran aliran udara (Air flow meter
(VG/PIM))
6.Sensor suhu air (THW)
7.Kumparan pengapian dengan
pemantik (igniter).
8.Mesin ECU
9.Busi

Komponen-komponen

ECU
4. Throttle position sensor
5. Air flow
meter
7. kumparan pengapian
dengan igniter

9. Spark plug
2.sensor posisi camshaft
3. Knock sensor

6. Water temp. sensor

1. sensor posisi crankshaft

(1/2)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

TDI (TOYOTA Direct Ignition System)

Komponen-komponen

1.Sensor posisi poros engkol (sensor

posisi crankshaft (NE))
2.Sensor posisi poros bubungan
(camshaft position sensor (G)) 7. kumparan pengapiandengan
8. Engine
igniter ECU
3.Sensor knock Knock (KNK)
4.Sensor posisi katup penutup (throttle)
6. Water temp.
(VTA)
sensor
5.Meteran aliran udara (Air flow meter 9. Spark plug
(VG/PIM))
1. sensor posisi
6.Sensor suhu air (THW)
crankshaft
7.Kumparan pengapian dengan
pemantik (igniter).
8.Mesin ECU
9.Busi

5. Air flow meter

3. Knock sensor
2.sensor posisi camshaft

4. Throttle position sensor

(1/2)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

TDI (TOYOTA Direct Ignition System)

1.Kumparan pengapian
disatukan dengan
pemantik

Komponen-Komponen

Igniter

kumparan utama
kumparan sekunder
Core

Plug cap

(2/2)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

TDI (TOYOTA Direct Ignition System)

Pengoperasian

+B
Sensor posisi Crankshaft

IGT1

Sensor posisi Camshaft

busi#1

IGT2
Sensor ketukan
busi#2
ECU
Sensor posisi throttle

IGT3

busi#3
Meteran aliran udara

IGT4

Sensor temperatur air

IGF

busi#4

(1/1)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Prinsip Operasi Tipe dengan Transistor

Referensi

kumparan pengapian

Igniter
Distributor

Spark plug
Pembangkit sinyal

(1/1)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Referensi

Governor weight
Driving plate
Governor plate
Governor spring
Distributor shaft
Advance

(1/1)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Prinsip Operasi Tipe dengan Transistor

Referensi

Signal generator

Braker plate

Diaphragm

Advance rod
Advance

Diaphragm spring
Advance angle

(1/1)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Prinsip Operasi dari tipe Transistor

dengan ESA

Referensi

kumparan pengapian

IGT
Igniter
IGF
Distributor
ECU

Spark plug

Sensor

(1/1)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Pemeriksaan

Pemeriksaan

1.Periksa waktu inisial

DLC3

DLC1
TC

TE1

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

CG

E1

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Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Pemeriksaan

Pemeriksaan

2.Periksa busi

Normal

Carbon fouling

Oil fouling

Overheating

(2/3)

Diagnosis Technician >> Gasoline Engine >> Ignition System

Pemeriksaan

Pemeriksaan

3.Uji lontaran api

Ignition switch

START

Engine

(3/3)