92 | Mechanics-1

mg

F F

Am

cos
ma
F

B
mg

2m

F
F

mg

For no slipping
a A = aB
F mg g
=
m
2
3
i.e.,
F = mg
2
2 F
=
3 mg

16. Fnet (downward) = mg sin + ma cos

a
ma

21

3
1
10 3
_ 10
2
2

1
s
=
5

t=

Option (b) is correct.

w
w
18. N + sin 30 = w +
2
2

ma cos
mg sin

= m ( g sin + a cos )
g eff = g sin + a cos

Time ( T) required to cover 2L distance

along inclined would be
2L
T=
g eff
2L
( g sin + a cos )

Option (c) is correct.

17. Fnet on block along incline in the upward

direction

Substituting s = 1 m,
= 30,
a = 10 3 m/s 2 and g = 10 m/s 2

For no slipping.
Option (c) is correct.

sin

Time ( t) to move s distance would be

given by
1
s = g eff t2
2
2s
2s
i.e., t =
=
g eff
( a cos g sin )

Slipping will obviously be m2 there if is

greater than above mentioned value
2 F

min =
3 mg

= ma cos mg sin
= m ( a cos g sin )
g eff = a cos g sin

w/2

w sin 30
w/2
2
30

w cos 30
2

f
w

f = frictional force
5w
4
5w
fmax = N =
4
The block will remain stationary if
5w
w
cos 30
2
4
w 3
5w
or

2 2
4
or
3 5
3
or

5
3
Block will move if <
5
Option (d) is correct.
N=

Laws of Motion |
T

19. F1 = 2t
f1

F = 15N

20. 2 mg sin T = 2ma

y

f2 2 = 0.5

1 = 0.6

60

At t = 2 s
F1 = 4 N
4N

P
T

2m

T
T

15N

= 30

f1 and f2 are the frictional forces

and

( f1) max = 0.6 1 10

= 6N
= 10 N

At t = 2 s

Force ( R) applied by clamp on pulley

would be

Net external force ( Fnet ) on system

= 15 N 4 N

= 11 N
As Fnet > ( f1) max + ( f2 ) max , the system will
remain at rest and the values frictional
forces on the blocks will be given
T = 4 + f1 and T = 15 f2
4 + f1 = 15 f2

(i)

f1 + f2 = 11 N

|T1|= |T2|= T

mg
mg
T1 =
(cos 30 ) ^i +
(sin 30 ) ^j
3
3
mg 3 ^ mg ^
=
i+
j
6
6

mg ^
|T2|=
j
3
Force by clamp on pulley P
y
T2

Let direction being + ive for Eq. (i)

T1

Option (a) f1 = 4 N, f2 = = 5 N
f1 + f2 = 1 N

wrong

60
x

Option (b) f1 = 2 N, f2 = + 5 N
f1 + f2 = 3 N

wrong

Option (c) f1 = 0 N,f2 = + 10 N

f1 + f2 = 10 N

wrong

Option (d) f1 = + 1 N, f2 = + 10 N
f1 + f2 = 11 N correct.
OR
As the likely movement would be towards
right f2 will be at its maximum.

f2 = 10 N

f1 = 1 N

Option (d) is correct.

T = ma
2 mg sin = 3 ma
2 g sin 30 g
a=
=
3
3
mg
T=
3

( f2 ) max = 0.5 2 10

T
T

93

T1

T2

mg 3 ^ mg ^ mg ^
i+
j+
j
6
6
3
mg 3 $ 3 mg $ mg
=
i+
j =
( 3 ^i + 3 ^j)
6
6
6
=

Option (b) is correct.

21. f1(max) = 0.3 4 10 = 12 N
4 kg

2 kg
f2

1 = 0.6

f1

2 = 0.3

f1 and f2 are frictional forces.

f2 (max) = 0.6 2 10 = 12 N
As, f1(max) + f2 (max) < 16 N ( Fext )

16N

94 | Mechanics-1
T

2 kg

f2

4 kg

16N

x=

f1

The system will remain at rest.

For the equilibrium of 4 kg mass :
(i)

16 = T + f1
As f1 will be at its maximum value
f1 = 12 N

T = 16 12
= 4 N [from Eq. (i)]
Further, for the equilibrium of 2 kg mass.
T = f1

f1 = 4 N
Option (c) is correct.
22. For the rotational equilibrium of rod

Option (a) is correct.

A
ma
mg

(i)

25. N = ma sin + mg cos

N
ma sin
ma
a
mg sin

mg cos

Now, as the block does not slide

ma cos = mg sin
i.e.,
a = g tan
Substituting the found value of a in Eq. (i)
N = m ( g tan ) sin + mg cos
sin2

= mg
+ cos = mg sec
cos

Taking moment about O.

l
l
R cos = s sin
2
2
s (= ma)
R (= mg)
O

1
m
2

When, the block stops a = 0, the value of

normal force will be
N = mg cos
N mg cos

=
N
mg sec

or
mg cos = ma sin

a = g cot
Option (d) is correct.

Option (c) is correct.

26. For the rotational equilibrium of the block
N

23. v = 2 t

dv d
=
(2 t2 ) = 4 t
dt dt
At t = 1 s, a = 4 ms 2
As
a = sg
a
4
s = =
= 0.4
g 10
a=

A
mg

be zero.
P

R2
8m

1m
10 g

x
1m

Taking moment about point Q

(10 g) ( 4) = (80 g) ( x)

mg cos

= 45

24. Just at the position of tipping off, R1 will

mg sin

Option (c) is correct.

R1

Taking moment about O.

a
Nx = f
2
a
or
( mg cos ) x = ( mg sin )
2
a
or
x = tan
2
x
or
= tan
a/2
or
or

tan = tan
=

Laws of Motion |
Thus, the normal force ( N ) will pass
through point A.

9 ms2

Option (a) is correct.

[Note : The cube will be just at the point of

tilting (about point A). The cube will tilt if is
made greater than 45].

N sin

Moment of couple ( N , mg)

= Moment of couple ( F , f )

mg
F (= 3 )

f=F

mg

Option (b) is correct.

aA

aA = | a A |

28. Taking moment about point O.

N1

l/4

l/6

mB a A cos
sin tan
mB a A
=
tan2
10 9
=
= 160 N
2
3

4

5
37
4

31. Net downward force on ring = mg ma

= m ( g a)
T

N = ma

f = N
= ma

a = 4 ms2
L = 1m

mg

ma

mg

( T / 2) = ma Box
ma mg
T+
=
Pendulum with
2
2

respect to
box
ma mg
2ma +
=
2
2
a= g/3

Option (c) is correct.

a
T

aB

N cos =

mg

l l
l
N1 = N2
2 4
2
l
l
N1 = N2
4
3

N1 : N2 = 4 : 3
Option (c) is correct.

aB = | a B |

N2

29.

(ii)

a A = aB tan
aA
N sin = mB
tan
mB a A
N=
sin tan
Force on rod by wedge

N (= mg)

= 37 B

27. For the rotational equilibrium of the cube

mgx = Fa
mg
or mgx =
a
3
a
i.e., x =
3

(i)

N sin = mB aB

30.

95

g eff = g a
2L
t=
g eff
=

2L
g a

21
10 (0.5 4)

1
= 0.5 s
2

96 | Mechanics-1
32. The direction of the normal reactions

33. T Mg = Ma

between any one hemisphere and the

sphere will be along the centres of the two.
The three centres of the hemisphere and
that of sphere will form a tetrehadron of
edge equal to 2R.
In figure, C1, C2 and C3 are the centres of
the hemispheres and C is the centre of the
sphere
C1C2 = C2C3 = C3C1
= C1C = C2C = C3C = 2R
N

C3

C2

COC2 = 90
2R
C2O =
3
C2O
cos =
C2C
2R / 3
=
2R
1
=
3
is the angle which any N makes with
vertical
= 90
3
1
sin = cos =
1
3

2
cos =
2
3
For the vertical equilibrium of the sphere.
3 N cos = mg
2
or
3N
= mg
3
mg
or
N=
2 3
Option (b) is correct.

( 500 + 80n )g

i.e.,

N
N

C1

T = M ( g + a)

2 104 M ( g + a)

or

2 104 (500 + 80n)(10 + 2)

or

14.58 n

or

n = 14

Option (b) is correct.

[Note : Tension in lift cable will increase
when the lift is accelerated upwards].
34. Normal reaction between the surface and

the particle will be zero throughout the

motion if the path of the particle is that of
a projectile motion (particle is free from
surface).
v sin

u sin u

v cos

a=g

+ u cos

v2 = u2 + 2as
(v sin )2 = (u sin )2 + 2 ( g) h
v sin = u2 sin2 2 gh
= (20)2 (sin2 60 )2 2 10 5
3
= 400 100

4
= 10 2
v cos = u cos = 20 cos 60 = 10
v sin 10 2
=
v cos
10

Laws of Motion |
tan = 2
= tan 1 2
Option (c) is correct.
35. Acceleration

of block B will be g
throughout its motion while that of block
A will increase from 0 to g and as such
t A < tB
Option (b) is correct.

vertical

Option (c) is correct.

38. String is winding on the motor shaft the

36. f1 (max) = 0.5 10 10 = 50 N

100 N

= 0.5f1

Velocity along PQ = 20 m/s.

Velocity along PO = 20sin
3
= 20 = 12 m/s
5
Velocity of sphere (along
direction)
12
12
=
=
= 15 m/s
cos 4 / 5

97

= 0.25f2

block B will move up. Further, as shaft is

also moving down, B will further.

f1

2 m/s
f2

Here, f1 and f2 are friction forces.

As, f1 (max.) < Fext . (100 N), block A will
move.
f2 (max.) = 0.25 (10 + 20) 10 = 75 N
As, f1 (max.), [driving force for block B]
< f2 (max.), the block will not slop over
block C.
As, there is no friction between block C
and surface below it, both the blocks B and
block C will move together with
acceleration
f1 (max.)
a=
(mass of B + C)
50
=
(20 + 30)

= 1 ms 2
a A = 1 ms 2

2 m/s

Thus,
Velocity of block B
= Velocity of lift + Velocity of winding of
string on shaft + Velocity of moving down
of shaft
q= 2 m/s + 2 m/s + 2
m/s
= 6 m/s.
Option (d) is correct.
39. F = F cos

F is resultant of two equal forces F and F

2
F = 2F cos
2

Option (c) is correct.

R
R
5 =4
37. cos =
R
5

F'
20 m/s
N
O

R/5

F''

F''

= 2F cos
= 2F cos (90 )
= 2F sin
F
= 2
sin
cos

5
4

98 | Mechanics-1
= 2F tan
= 2( ma ) tan
5 4
= 2 03. = 2 N
2 3

For A to remain in contact with B, B must

accelerate in the ive x-direction.

aA (new)

15 j

Option (b) is correct.

40. Velocity of block A = 2 v cos 37

bi

15 i

Let acceleration of B = b ^i

2v

Due to this pseudo force with act on A in

the + ive direction.
15
tan =
15 + b
3
15
or
=
4 15 + b

37
A
v

= 2 10

4
5

= 16 m/s
Option (d) is correct.
41. As

the mass is applying maximum

possible force without moving, the blocks
would at the point of slipping,
fA
T' T'

T T

fC

fB

= 45

As, < the block will leave contact with

B.
aA

B
2F

A
N sin

N sin

Fnet on block A = Fnet on block B

F N sin = N sin 2F
2 N sin = 3 F
3F
N=
2 sin
(as = 30)

= 3F
Option (d) is correct.

a A = |5 ^i + 15 ^j|

15 j

Option (d) is correct.

Option (d) is correct.

[Note : The value fB will be 300 N and the
values of T and f A will be zero]

Acceleration of B = 5 ^i

T = fC (max) = 0.5 60 10 = 300 N

fB (max) = 0.3 (60 + 60) 10
= 360 N
As, T < fB (max) the value of T will be
zero.

42.

45 + 3 b = 60
3 b = 15
b= 5

43. For block A not to slide on block B

fAT T

or
or
or

44. Equation to circle is

Y
(x, y) B

15 i
x

B
= 37

A
3
tan = tan 37=
4

Laws of Motion |
2

x + y = r (where r = OB)
dx
dy
2
+2
=0
dt
dt
dx
dy
=
dt
dt

(i)

l1

99

l2
2T
2T

M1

= ( u) = + u
=u

Speed of bead B
2

dx
dy
= +
dt
dt
2

M3g

M2 g

M1 gl1 = 2Tl2
2M1M 3
M1 gl1 = 2
g l2
M2 + M 3

= (u) + ( u)

or

=u 2

M2

M2

3 3l
M1l1 = 4
1
M2 + M2

3
M1
=3
M2

Option (a) is correct.

45. At maximum acceleration value of a, the

or

block would be in a position to move

upwards.
ma cos

47. fmax = k N 2

ma
ma sin

N2
mg sin
fm

mg cos

ax

Trongh

= 45

f = frictional force
N = ma sin + mg cos
ma cos = fmax + mg sin
or

ma cos = N + mg sin

or

ma cos = ( ma sin + mg cos )

+ mg sin (Q = 45 )

or

a = ( a + g) + g

or

a (1 ) = (1 + ) g
1+
a=
g
1

i.e.,

Block
N = mg cos

NN

Option (b) is correct.

46. For the beam to have no tendency to

= k 2 mg cos
ma = mg sin 2 k mg cos
i.e., a = g (sin 2 k cos )
Option (c) is correct.
48. f1 (max) = 0.5 3 10

= 15 N
f2 (max) = 0.3 (3 + 2) 10
= 15 N
F
3kg
f1

f1
2kg

f2

f2
1 kg

B
f3

rotate
f3 (max) = 0.1 (3 + 2 + 1) 10
=6N

100 | Mechanics-1
Value of maximum frictional force is
between block 1 kg and the ground.
Increasing from zero when F attains 6 N,
the block of mass 1 kg will be at the point
of slipping over ground below it.
Option (c) is correct.
49. f2 (max) = ( m1 + m2 ) g
m1
1

f1
m2
f2

f1
F (= 30N)

Option (a) is correct.

50. F = s mg cos mg sin

4
3 1
= mg

2
3 3 2
mg
=
6
Option (b) is correct.

51. s = 2 k
F

2
s
mg

= 0.5 (1 + 2) 10
= 15 N
aS = Acceleration of both as one
a A = Acceleration of A
f1 (max) = 1m1 g = 0.2 1 10
= 2N
F f2 (max) 30 15
aS =
=
= 5 m/s2
m1 + m2
3
m g
a A = 1 1 = 1 g = 0.2 10 = 2 m/s2
m1
As,
F > f2 (max.)
both will move.
Further, as aS > a A both will
accelerate as one unit.
F 2 ( m1 + m2 ) g 1m1 g
aB =
m2

2s
2.1
2
=
= s
a AB
9/2 3

Required time t =

in

SN

= 30

Force required
downwards
a=

to
0

in
gs
m
2

just

slide
F

KN

= 30

not

Acceleration of A w.r.t. B
a AB = a A AB
f _ 2 ( m1 + m2 ) g 1m1 g
= 1 g
m2
1m2 g F + 2 ( m1 + m2 ) g + 1m1 g
=
m2
F ( 1 + 2 ) ( m1 + m2 ) g
=
m2
30 (0.2 + 0.5) (1 + 2) 10
=
2
9
2
= m/s
2
Negative sign indicates that the direction
of a AB will be opposite to that of a A .

F = s N mg sin
= s mg cos mg sin
F = mg sin k N
= mg sin kmg cos
Thus, s mg cos mg sin
= mg sin kmg cos
( s + k) mg cos = 2mg sin
+ s = 2 tan
s

2
3
2
4
s =
s =
2
3
3 3
Option (a) is correct.
F + mg sin k mg cos
52. a =
m
mg mg
2
3
+

mg
2
3 3
2
= 6
m
g
=
3
Option (d) is correct.

block

Laws of Motion |
53. Minimum force required to start the

For retarted motion

motion upward
= mg sin + k mg cos
1
4
3
= mg +

2 3 3 2
7
= mg
6

02 = v2max 2a s2
v2
s2 = max
2a
v2max 1 1
s1 + s2 =
+
2 a a
v2 8 6
25 = max +
2 g g

54. Minimum force required to move the block

up the incline with constant speed

= mg sin + k mg cos
1
2
3
= mg +

2
3
3
2

5
= mg
6
(5.22)2
55. S1 =
= 14.3 m
9.8
2

vmax =

50 9.8
= 5.92 ms 1
14

Option (c) is correct.

57. mg sin = 170 10

8
= 906.67 N
15
= 0.4
T

= 0.2
mg

Option (c) is correct.

1200 g 1000 g
56.
a =
1200
g
=
6

101

sin

si
mg

f2

f1

15
= 300 N
17
15
f2 (max) = 0.4 170 10
17
= 600 N
f1 (max) = 0.2 170 10

17
T' = 1000g

a'

Speed
= vmax
T = 1350g

15
25 m

1200 g

1200 g

1350 g 1200 g
1200
g
=
8

a=

For accelerated motion

Stops

v2max = 02 + 2as1
v2
s1 = max
2a

The whole system will accelerate as

mg sin is greater than both f1 (max) and
f2 (max).
Total force of friction
= f1 (max) + f2 (max)
= 900 N
Option (a) is correct.
58. mg sin 300 T = ma

and mg sin + T = ma

(i)
(ii)

Substituting Eq. (i) by Eq. (ii),

2T + 300 = 0
T = 150 N
= 150 N, compressive.
Option (a) is correct.

102 | Mechanics-1
More than One Correct Options
1. (a) Normal force between A and B = m2 g
F
2N

T
2N

i.e.,
T =3N
Option (d) is correct.
2. At point A

T T

= 1 10 = 10 N
Force of limiting friction by B on A (or by
A on B)
= 10 = 2 N

T1
T1
A
T2

Total force opposing applied external force

F = 2N + T
= 2N + 2N
= 4N
Thus, if F 4 N
The block A will remain stationary and so
block B also. The system will be in
equilibrium.
Option (a) is correct.
(b) If F > 4 N
F T 2=1a
and
T 2 = 1a
Adding above equation
F 4 = 2a
i.e.,
F = 4 + 2a

(i)

T2
B F

mg

(i)

T1 cos = T2 cos + mg
and T1 sin = T2 sin

(ii)

At point B
T2 cos = mg

(iii)

T2 sin = F mg

(iv)

Using Eq. (iii) in Eq. (i),

T1 cos = 2T2 cos

(ii)

=
mg

(v)

Dividing Eq. (ii) by Eq. (v),

(vi)

2 tan = tan
Option (a) is correct.

For F > 4 N

Squaring and adding Eqs. (iii) and (v),

2a + 4 > 4

or

a>0

T 2> 0

i.e.,
T > 2N
Option (b) is incorrect.
(c) Block A will move over B only when
F > 4 N and then the frictional force
between the blocks will be 2 N if a is just 0
[as explained in (b)].
Option (c) is correct.
(d) If F = 6 N using Eq. (ii)
2a = 6 4

a = 1 m/s 2

Using Eq. (i),

T 2=1

T12 = 4 T22 cos2 + T22 sin2

Dividing Eq. (iii) by Eq. (iv)

(vii)

2
1

tan = 1
1
cos =
= sin
2

Substituting the values of sin and cos

in Eq. (vii)
1
1
T12 = 4 T22 + T22
2
2
5
= T22
2

Laws of Motion |

2T1 = 5T2
Option (c) is correct.
3. Displacement of block in 4 s
v (ms1)

t (s)

S = Area under curve

= 16 m.
K =Workdone by frictional force
1
1 42 = 1 10 16
2

= 0.1
Option (a) is correct.
Option (b) is incorrect.
Acceleration, a = tan
= tan ( )
= tan
= 1 m/s 2
If half rough retardation = 0.5 m/s2
1

16 = 4 t + ( 0.5) t2
2
2
i.e.,
t 16t + 64 = 0
or
t=8s
Option (d) is correct.
Option (c) is incorrect.
4. Let acceleration of wedge ( A) = a
ma sin N F = mg cos

ma (Pseudo
force)

N sin F

103

mg

N + ma sin = mg cos
N = mg cos ma sin
Acceleration of
N sin
a=
M
or Ma = ( mg cos ma sin ) sin

or a ( M + m sin ) = mg cos sin

mg cos sin
i.e., a =
M + m sin2
0.6 g cos 45 sin 45
=
1.7 + (0.6 sin2 45 )
3g
=
17 + 3
3g
=
20
Let aB = Acceleration of block B
Net force on B (along inclined plane)
maB = ma cos + mg sin

aB = a cos + g sin
Thus, ( aB ) V = ( a cos + g sin ) cos
= a cos2 + g sin cos
1
= ( a + g)
2
3g
1

=
+ g
20
2
23 g
=
40
( aB ) H = ( a cos + g sin ) sin a
23 g 3 g
=

40
20
17 g
=
40
5. f1 (max.) = 1m A g
T(pull) = 125 N
f1

f1
B

f2

= 0.3 60 10
= 180 N
Fnet on B = f1 (max.) + T
= 180 + 125
= 305 N
A will remain stationary as
T < f1 (max.)

f1 = 125 N
Force of friction acting between A and
B = 125 N
Options (c) and (d) are incorrect.

104 | Mechanics-1
(a)

f2 (max) = 2 ( m A + mB ) g

7.5 N

= 0.2 (60 + 40) 10

17.5 N
F

= 200 N

T
17.5 N

f1 + T = 125 + 125 = 250 N

As, f1 + T > f2 (max. block B /along the A
as A is stationary) will move towards right
with acceleration.
Option (a) is correct.
( f + T) f2 (max.)
aB = 1
mB + m A
=

250 200
40 + 60

Option (b) is correct.

9. N sin = ma = 1 5 = 5
N cos = mg = 1 10 = 10

6. (See solution to Question no. 4).

A

T = 17.5 + 7.5 = 25 N
F = T + 37.5 + 17.5 = 80 N
(c) T 7.5 17.5 = 4 a
F T 37.5 17.5 = 8 a
F = 200 N
Solving these equations we get,
a = 10 m/s 2

m
a

N = mg cos ma sin
Option (c) is correct and option (d) is
incorrect.
As angle between the directions of a and
g sin will be less than 90, acceleration of
block A will be more than g sin .
A

anet > g sin

Option (a) is correct and option (b) is

incorrect.

(i)
(ii)

Solving these two equations we get,

1
tan = and N = 5 5 N.
2
10. Let f1 = friction between 2 kg and 4 kg
f2 = friction between 4 kg and ground
( fs1) max = 0.4 2 10 = 8 N
( f k1) = 0.2 2 10 = 4 N
( fs2 ) max = 06
. 6 10 = 36 N
Fk2 = 0.4 6 10 = 24 N
(b) At t = 1 s, F = 2 N < ( fs2 ) max
Both the blocks are at rest.
f1 = 0

7. Maximum value of friction.

f1 = between A and B
= 0.25 3 10 = 7.5 N
f2 = between B and C
= 0.25 7 10 = 17.5 N
f3 = between C and ground
= 0.25 15 10 = 37.5 N

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

8. Maximum value of friction available to

block is less than the maximum value of
friction available to man.

= 0.5 m/s 2

ma

37.5 N

(c) At t = 4 s, F = 8 N < ( fs2 ) max

Both the blocks are at rest.
f2 = F = 8 N,
11. a = 0, T1 = 10 N,
T2 = 20 + T1 = 30 N,
T3 = 20 N.
12. fmax = 0.3 2 10 = 6 N
(a) At t = 2 s, F = 2 N
f = 2N
(b) At t = 8 s, F = 8 N > 6 N
f =6N

Laws of Motion |
(c) At t = 10 s, F = 10 N and f = 6 N
10 6
a=
= 2 m/s2
2
(d) Block will start at 6 s. After that,
net impulse
1
= 4 (6 + 10) + 2 10 6 6
2
= 16 N-s = mv
16

v=
= 8 m/s.
2
13. fmax = 0.4 2 10 = 8 N
(b) At t = 3 s, F = 6 N
Common acceleration

6
a = = 1 m/s 2
6
Pseudo force on 2 kg
=21=2 N

105

(backward)

14. N = Mg F sin
F cos = N = ( Mg F sin )
Mg

F=
cos + sin
For F to be minimum,
dF
=0
d

Match the Columns

1. Acceleration after t = 4 s

At t = 4 s, F = 8 N

Fmax = 8
i.e.,
s mg = 8
8
8

s =
=
= 0.4
mg 2 10
(a) (r)
At t = 4 s,

a = 1 ms 2

t = 4 s,
F =8N
F k N = ma
F ma F ma
i.e., k =
=
N
mg
8 (2 1)
=
= 0.3
2 10
(b) = (q)
At t = 01
. s, F = 0 . 2 N
Force of friction (at t = 01
. s) = 0.2 N
(c) (p)

At t = 8 s,
F = 16 N
F kmg

a=
m
16 (0.3 2 10)
=
=5
2
a
i.e.,
= 0.5
10
(d) (s).

2. At = 0, dragging force = 0

Force of force = 0

(a) (s)
At = 90
Normal force on block by plane will be
zero.
Force of friction = 0
(b) (s)
At = 30
Angle of repose = tan 1
= tan 1(1) = 45
As < angle of repose, the block will not
slip and thus,
force of friction = mg sin
= 2 10 sin 30 = 10 N
(c) (p)
At = 60
As > angle of repose
Block will accelerate and thus force of
friction = N
= 1 2 10 cos 60
= 10 N
(d) (p).
3. All contact forces (e.g., force of friction and

normal reaction) are electromagnetic in

nature.
(a) (q), (r)
(b) (q), (r).

106 | Mechanics-1
Nuclear force is the force between
nucleons (neutrons and protons). Between
two protons field force also acts.

5. (a) As block A is stationary, f = 10 N

T

4. (a) N R 10 = 2 ( + 5)

T
T=F

C
A

5 m/s2

F = 10N

+ ive

(a) (p)
10 N

(b) As block C is stationary force of friction

between C and ground will be zero.
(b) (s)
(c) Normal force ( N C ) on C from ground
N C = N B + mC g
= mB g + mC g
= ( mB + mc ) g
= (1 + 1) 10 = 20 N

NR

N R = 20 N

(a) (f)

(b) mg ( = 20 N) > F ( = 15 N)

(c) (q).
(d) As block A is stationary
T = F (as shown in figure)
= 10 N

f
NR
20 N

(a) (p).
6. If friction force ( f ) is less than the applied

F (= 15 N)

force ( F ).

Block would be slipping in the downward

direction.
Force of friction will be in the upward
direction.
Frictional force = 20 15
=5N
(b) (p)
(c) If F = 0, the block will slip downwards
due to mg ( = 20N)
Limiting friction = s N R
= 0.4 20
=8N
Minimum value of F for stopping the block
moving down = 20 8
= 12 N
(c) (s).
(d) F = mg + 8
= (2 10) + 8
= 28 N
(d) (s)

mg
F

fmax = 8 N

Net force on body = F f

The body will be in motion and thus the
friction will be kinetic.
(a) (q)
(b) If friction force ( f ) is equal to the force
applied, the body will be at rest. If the
body is at the point of slipping the
force of force will be limiting too.
Emphasis is being given to the word
may be as when a body is moving and
the external force is made just equal to
the frictional force, the body would still
be moving with friction force at its
limiting (kinetic) value.
(b) (p), (r)
(c) If object is moving the friction would
be kinetic as explained in (a).
(c) (q).

(d) If the object is at rest, then friction

may be static and limiting as
explained in (b).
(d) (p), (r)

Laws of Motion |
7. (a) Normal force between A and B = m A g

f1 (max.) = 1m A g (towards left)

f1

f1( R)
B

3 kg

f2
C

(d) Friction force on 3 kg block due to 5 kg

block = f2 (max)
= 5 N, towards left.
(d) (q), (s).
8. (a) and (b)

F
2

5 kg

f2(R)

= 0.2 2 10
=4N
Normal force between B and C
= ( m A + mB ) g
f2 (max) = 2 ( m A + mB ) g
= 0.1 (2 + 3) 10
=5N
Total friction force on 3 kg block
= f1 (max) + f2 (max) = 4 + 5
= 9 N towards left
(a) (q), (s)
(b) Friction force on 5 kg block
= f2 ( R) = f2 (max)
= 5 N, towards right
(b) (p), (s)
(c) Friction force on 2 kg block due to 3 kg
block = f1( R)
= f1 (max)
= 4 N, towards right
(c) (p), (s)

107

2 kg
s
mg

in

30

T
=

3
2

30

T
T T
B
3kg

3
2

3
= 40.89
2
Now as, angle of incline (30 ) < angle
repose (= 40.89 )
The block A and so also B will remain
stationary.
(a) (r),
(b) (r)
(c) Tension ( T) in the string connecting
2 kg mass = mg sin 30
1
= 2 10
2
= 10 N
(c) ( s)
(d) Friction force on 2 kg mass = zero.
(d) (r).
Angle of repose = tan 1