Mathematics T Semester 3 [Probability Distribution]

1. The probability that a lemon sold in a fruit store is rotten is 0.02.

(a) If the lemons in the fruit store are packed in packets, determine the maximum number of
lemons per packet so that the probability that a packet chosen at random does not contain
rotten lemons is more than 0.85. [5 marks]
(b) If the lemons in the fruit store are packed in boxed each containing 60 lemons, find using a
suitable approximation, the probability that a box chosen at random contains less than three
rotten lemons. [5 marks]
2. A car rental shop has four cars to be rented out on a daily basis at RM50.00 per car. The
average daily demand for cars is four.
(a) Find the probability that, on a particular day,
i. no cars are requested, [2 marks]
ii. at least four requests for cars are received. [2 marks]
(b) Calculate the expected daily income received from the rentals. [5 marks]
(c) If the shop wishes to have one more car, the additional cost incurred is RM20.00 per day.
Determine whether the shop should buy another car for rental. [5 marks]
3. The probability distribution function of the discrete random variable Y is
P(Y = y) = y/5050

, y = 1, 2, 3..., 100

(a) Show that E(Y ) = 67 and find Var (Y ). [5 marks]

(b) Find P (|Y - E(Y)| 30). [4 marks]
4. The probability that a heart patient survives after surgery in a country is 0.85.
(a) Find the probability that, out of five randomly chosen heard patients undergoing surgery,
four survive. [3 marks]
(b) Using a suitable approximate distribution, find the probability that more than 160 survive
after surgery in a random sample of 200 heart patients. [6 marks]
5. The continuous random variable X has probability density function

, where b is a constant.
(a) Determine the value of b. [4 marks]
(b) Find the cumulative distribution function of X and sketch its graph. [5 marks]
(c) Calculate E(X). [6 marks]
6. The mass of a durian from a local farm is normally distributed with a mean of 1.2 kg and a
standard deviation of 0.32 kg. The durians are classified as small, medium, or large. The durian
is small if its mass is less than 1.0 kg and large if its mass is more than 1.6 kg.
(a) Find the percentages of small, medium and large durians in the farm. [4 marks]
(b) Calculate the probability that the mass of a small durian is at least 0.7 kg. [4 marks]
(c) Calculate the probability that two randomly selected durians are both small. [2 marks]
(d) Calculate the probability that the total mass of two randomly selected durians is at least
1.7 kg. [4 marks]

Mathematics T Semester 3 [Probability Distribution]