bs20 En20286-4

CEN E N x 2 8 b - 4 - 9 4
3404.589
0086835 394
BS EN
BRITISH STANDARD
286-4: 1995
Simple unfired pressure

vessels designed to
contain air or nitrogen
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Part 4. Aluminium alloy pressure vessels

designed for air braking equipment and
auxiliary pneumatic equipment for
railway rolling stock
The European Standard EN 286-4 : 1995 has the status of a

British Standard
UDC 621 642.02-98-034 715 629.4-5yZ 620 1 62-777
Copyright European Committee for Standardization

Provided by IHS under license with CEN
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Not for Resale
BS EN 2864 : 1995
Cooperating organizations
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The European Committee for Standardization, under whose supervision this

European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards
organizations of the following Western European countries:
Austria
Belgium
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Standards Board and comes into

effect on
15 February 1995
Amd. NO.
Date
Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut
Institut belge de normalisation
Dansk Standard
Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y.
Association franaise de normalisation
Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V.
Hellenic Organization for Standardization
Technological Institute of Iceland
National Standards Authority of Ireland
Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione
Inspection du Travail et des Mines
Nederlands Nonnalisatie-instituut
Norges Standardiseringsforbund
Instituto Portugus da Qualidade
Asociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin
Standardiseringskommissioneni Sverige
Association suisse de normalisation
British Standards Institution
R x t affected
0BSI 1995
The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference PVE17
Draft for comment 9081699 DC
ISBN O 580 2186 3

Not for Resale
C E N EN*28b-4
9 4 W 3404589 O086837 L b 7
m
BS EN 286-4 : 1995
Contents
Cooperating organizations
National foreword
Foreword
Text of EN 286-4
National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible
National annex NB (informative) Cross-references
Page
Inside front cover
i
2
3
Inside back cover
Inside back cover
National foreword
This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Pressure
Vessel Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN
286-4 : 1994 Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or nitrogen
- Part 4: Aluminium alloy pressure vessels designed for air braking
equipment and auxiliary pneumatic equipment for railway rolling stock,
published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN).
EN 286-4 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the
UK took a n active part.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity

from legal obligations.
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i
Not for Resale
EN 286-4
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPENNE
EUROPISCHE NORM
September 1994
UDC 621.642.02-98-034.715: 629.4-592 620.1 : 62-777

Descriptors: Railway rolling stock, brakes, pneumatic equipment, pressure vessels, tanks containers, aluminium alloys, design,
computation, production control, weld defects, acceptability, assembling, certification, marking
English version
Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or

nitrogen - Part 4: Aluminium alloy pressure vessels
designed for air braking equipment and auxiliary
pneumatic equipment for railway rolling stock
Rcipients pression simples, non soumis la

flamme, destins contenir de lair ou de
lazote - Partie 4: Rcipients pression en
alliages daluminium destins aux
quipements pneumatiques de freinage et aux
quipements pneumatiques auxiliaires du
matriel roulant ferroviaire
Einfache unbefeuerte Druckbehlter fr Luft

oder Stickstoff - Teil 4: Druckbehlter aus
Aluminiumlegierungen fr
Druckluftbremsanlagen und pneumatische
Hilfseinrichtungen in Schienenfahrzeugen
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This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-09-09.CEN members

are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any GEN
member.
The European Standards exist in three official versions (English, French,
German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a GEN member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies ofAustria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comit Europen de Normalisation
Europisches Komitee fr Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36,B-1050Brussels

@ 1994 Copyright reserved to CEN members
Ref. No. EN 286-4 : 1994 E

Not for Resale

~~
CEN EN*E'Bb-4
94
3404589 0 0 8 6 8 3 9 T 3 T
Page 2
Foreword
Contents
This European Standard was prepared by CEN/TC

54, Unfired pressure vessels, of which the
secretariat is held by BSI.
This European Standard has been prepared under
a Mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade
Association, and supports essential requirements
of the EC Directive(s).
CEN/TC 54 decided to submit the final draft for
formal vote by its resolution. The result was
positive.
This part is one of a series of four. The other Parts
are :
Part 1:Design, manufacture and testing
Part 2 : Pressure vessels for.air braking and
auxiliary systems for motor vehicles and their
trailers
Part 3 : Steel pressure vessels designed for air
braking equipment and auxiliary pneumatic
equipment for railway rolling stock
This European Standard shall be given the status
of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by
March 1995, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1995.
According to the CENKENELEC Internal
Regulations, the following countries are bound to
implement this European Standard:
Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France,
Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Spain and United Kingdom
Page
Foreword
2
1 Scope
3
2 Normative references
3
3 Symbols
4
4 Materials
4
5 Design
5
6 Inspection and drainage bosses
13
7 Marking
13
8 Corrosion protection
13
9 Qualification of welding procedures
14
10 Qualification of welders and welding
operators
14
11 Testing of the vessels
17
12 Certification procedures
24
13 Information to be supplied at the time of
invitation to tender and time of order
24
14 Delivery
24
15 Documentation to accompany the vessel
24
25
Annex A (normative) Verification
Annex B (normative) Declaration of conformity
- Surveillance
25
Annex C (normative) Design and
manufacturing schedules
27
Annex D (normative) Type examination
27
Annex E (normative) Content of the
manufactured record
28
Annex F (informative)Assembly of the vehicles 28
Annex G (informative) Service surveillance
of vessels
31

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EN 286-4 : 1994
Not for Resale
CEN EN*Z86-4
74 W 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0 0 8 6 8 4 0 7 5 1 W
Page 3
EN 286-4 : 1994
1 Scope
1.1 This Part of this European Standard is
applicable to simple unfired aluminium alloy
pressure vessels, referred to as 'vessel' in this
standard, designed for air braking equipment and
auxiliary pneumatic equipment for railway rolling
stock (see 1.6).
1.2 The vessels t o this standard are:
a) made from a single shell;
b) made from aluminium alloy;
c) fabricated by welding;
d) used at a maximum working pressure of
10 bar;
e) the product of the maximum working
pressure (in bar) and the volume (in litre):
500 bar litres < PV < 10O00 bar litres ;
f) made of a cylindrical part of circular crosssection called the shell with two outwardly
dished torispherical ends, that is two dished
ends with the same axis of rotation. This
standard therefore does not apply to vessels
with one or two flat ends or those made up of
several compartments;
g) calculated with a design pressure P (see
5.1.4.2);
h) designed for a working temperature of
between - 50 "C and + 100 'C [ + 65 'C for certain
grades of aluminium alloy (see 4.1.111;
j ) fastened to the vehicles by straps;
1.3 In normal service, a momentary overpressure
of 1bar of the maximum working pressure is
permitted (10 % of E',).
1.4 This Part of this European Standard applies to
the vessel proper, from the inlet connection to the
outlet connection and to all other connections and
fittings belonging to the vessel.
1.5 This Part of this European Standard gives the
requirements to be met for the calculation, design,
fabrication, inspection during fabrication and
certification of the vessel, and fittings for assembly
to the vehicle.
These requirements cannot be written in sufficient
detail to ensure good workmanship or proper
construction. Each manufacturer is therefore
responsible for taking every necessary step to
make sure that the quality of workmanship and
construction is such as to ensure compliance with
good engineering practice.
This Part of this standard gives:
a) in annex F, recommendations for assembly to
the vehicles;
b) in annex G, recommendations for the service
surveillance of vessels.
1.6 The requirements of this Part of this

European Standard apply to vessels designed to be
fitted to rail vehicles used on the main national
networks, urban networks, underground railways,
trams, private networks (regional railways,
company railways, . . . 1.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or
undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited
at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to or revisions
of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references
the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies.
EN 287-2 Approval testing of welders - fusion
welding Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys
EN 288-1 Specifications and approval of welding
procedures for metallic materials Part 1: General rules for fusion welding
EN 288-2 Specification and approval of welding
procedures for metallic materials Part 2: Welding procedure specification for
arc welding
EN 288-4 Specification and approval of welding
procedures for metallic materials Part 4:Welding procedure tests for the arc
welding of aluminium and its alloy
EN 10025 Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural
steels - Technical delivery conditions
EN 26520 Classification of imperfections in metallic
fusion welds, with explanations
Is0209-1 Wmughi aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Chemical composition and forms of
product Part 1 Chemical composition
Lso 209-2 Wmughi aluminium and aluminium &s
- Chemical composition and forms of
product Part 2 : Forms of products
EO 2281 pipe threads where pressure-tightjoints are
not made on the threads Part 1: Designation, dimensions and
tolerances
IS0 261
IS0 general purpose metric screw threads
- General plan
IS0 1101 Technical drawings - Geometrical
tolerancing - Tolerancing of form,
orientation, location and run-out Generalities, definitions, symbols,
indications on drawings
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Not for Resale
CEN E N x 2 8 b - 4 9 4 W 3404.589 O D 8 b 8 4 L 698 W
Page 4
EN 286-4 : 1994
Metallic coatings -Electroplated coating

of zinc on iron or steel
Is02107 Aluminium, magmsium and their alloys Temper designations
IS0 2437 Recommendation practice for the X-ray
inspection of fusion welded butt joints
for aluminium and its alloys and
magnesium and its alloys 5 to 50 mm
thick
IS0 4520 Chromate conversion coatings on
electroplated zinc and cadmium
coatings
Is06361-2 Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy
sheet, strip and plate.
Part 2: Mechanical properties
IS0 6362-2 Wrought aluminium and alloy extruded
rods I bars, tubes and profiles
Part 2: Mechanical properties
3 Symbols
For the purpose of this standard, the following
symbols apply:
A
Elongation at rupture
%
Cross sectional area effective as
Afb
compensation, of the boss
mm2
Cross
sectional
area
effective
as
AfP
compensation, of the reinforcing
plate
mm2
Cross sectional area effective as
Afs
compensation, of the shell
mm2
Area
of
the
pressurized
zone
mm2
A,
C
Absolute value of the minus
rolling tolerance for sheets as
quoted in the standard
mm
Outside diameter of the shell of
DO
the vessel
mm
Internal
diameter
of
the
boss
mm
dib
Outside diameter of the boss
mm
e
Nominal wall thickness
mm
Calculated thickness
mm
e,
Calculatd thickness of the end
mm
ech
Calculated thickness of the shell mm
ecs
mm
Nominal thickness of the end
eh
Wall thickness of the boss
erb
mm
contributing to reinforcement
Wall
thickness
of
the
reinforcing
erp
plate contributing to
mm
reinforcement
of
the
shell
Wall
thickness
ers
mm
Nominal design stress at the
f
design temperature
N/mm2
Permitted
stress
of
the
boss
N/mm2
fb
Throat thickness of a weld
mm
g
"All pressures are gauge pressures.

External height of the dished part

of an end
(see figure 3)
External height of the cylindrical
part of the end
(see figure 3)
Internal height of a dished part of
the end
(see figure 3)
Design coefficient which is a
function of the welding process
Total length of the vessel
Distance between the axis of a
drainage opening and the end of
the vessel
Length of the boss contributing to
reinforcement
Length of inward projecting boss
Length of the reinforcing plate
contributing to reinforcement,
measured along the mid surface
Length of the shell contributing
to reinforcement, measured along
the mid surface
Design pressure'' which is a
function of the maximum working
pressure, the welding process and
inspection used
Maximum working pressure1)
Internal radius of the spherical
part of the end
Local internal radius at the
location of the opening in
question
Minimum tensile strength
specified by the manufacturer or
by the standard defining the
material
Minimum proof stress
Internal radius of the
torispherical part of the end
Minimum working temperature
Maximum working temperature
Volume of the vessel
mm
mm
mm
-
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
bar
bar
mm
mm
N/mm2
Nmm'
mm
"C
"C
1
4 Materials
4.1 Pressurized parts
The aluminium alloys used in the fabrication of
the pressurized parts of the vessels shall hlfil the
following conditions:
a) R, I
350 N/mm2
b) elongation after rupture A shall be:
-if the test piece is taken parallel to the
direction of rolling 2 16%;
-if the test piece is taken perpendicular to
the direction of rolling 2 14%.
Not for Resale
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IS0 2081
CEN EN*Z&b-4 94 W 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 O086842 5 2 4
Page 5
EN 286-4 : 1994
4.1.1 Shell and ends

The shell and ends shall be made of aluminium
alloy sheet or strip of one of the grades given in
table 1.
5 Design
5.1 Shell and ends
4.1.2 Inspection bosses, pipes connection
branches and drainage bosses

The bosses shall be made of 5083, 5086, 5454 or
5754 aluminium alloy bars or tubes in condition M
in accordance with IS0 6362 : Part 2.
4.2 Non-pressurized parts
The accessories t o be welded t o the vessel, but
which do not contribute to its strength, shall be
made of aluminium alloy compatible with the
aluminium alloy from which the pressurized parts
of the vessel are made. The product analysis of the
aluminium alloy shall meet the following
requirements:
- R , I 350 N/mm2;
- Cu s 0,5 % and Zn I
0,25 %.
4.3 Welding materials
The filler material and gas fluxes shall be suitable
for the parent metals.
The recommended grades of filler material to be
used are 5183 and 5356. These grades are suitable
for welding the grades listed in 4.1 and 4.2.
Aluminium-silicon grades shall not be used.
The suitability of the welding products used is
verified during the qualification of the procedures
described in clause 9.
5.1.1 General
The vessels are of simple geometrical form,
composed of a cylindrical body of circular crosssection and two outwardly dished torispherical
ends.
The design of the vessels shall take into account
the installation and maintenance conditions. The
installation and maintenance conditions shall be
given by the manufacturer or the user (see clause
13)
NOTE. Examples of installation and maintenance requirements
are given in informative annexes F and G.
5.1.2 Design of the shell

Shells are generally made from a single sheet. If
the shell is made of several welded parts, the
number of circular welds shall be kept to a
minimum.
Longitudinal weld seams of parts of the shell
shall :
- not be located on the lower part of the vessel
defined by an angle of 30 on either side of
the vertical axis (see figure 1);
- be sufficiently far apart such as to form an
angle greater than 40 (see example in
figure 2).
All welds, even of a temporary nature, located

outside the designed seams are prohibited.
Table 1. Aluminium alloy materials

IS0 designation
International
registration
record)
AlMg2Mn0,8
AlMg3
AlMg3Mn
1 AlMg4
AlMg4,5Mn0,7
5049
5754
5454
5086
5083
Temper
designation*
O
O
O
100
100
100
O
O
65
65
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Design
temperaturea
Temperature
Maximum
temperature
Not for Resale
Minimum proof
stress
N/m*
80
80
80
80
70
70
90
Minimum design
stress
N/-*
48
48
54
90
100 loo W 60
s 1204) 75
125 1
90
48
48
54
60
75
G5 42
G5 42
a554
S5 54
745) 72
CEN EN*28b-4
74
= 3404587
008b843 4b0
Page 6
specified in this standard as they vary according to

the following criteria:
- the grade of aluminium alloy;
- the type of oven (other than direct radiation,
convection, etc.) ;
- the forming process (hot or cold drawing).
The heat treatment shall not affect the values of
R,o,z and R, used in calculating the thickness.
In addition, after heat treatment the material
shall satisfy the following conditions:
- tensile strength R, I
350 N/mm2;
- elongation after rupture A 2 16 %.
The suitability of the heat treatment parameters
shall be checked by the approved inspection body
when the manufacturing record is submitted for
the certification procedure (see clause 12).
Drainage opening
Figure 1. Position of longitudinal welds on

the bottom of the shell
5.1.4 Calculation of shell and end thicknesses

5.1.4.1 General
The nominal thickness e of the shells and ends
shall be such that:
e>e,+c
The value of e, shall in no case be less than 3 mm.
The manufacturer shall apply a correction to allow
for thinning resulting from the manufacturing
process.
5.1.4.2 Calculation of the shell thickness ecs
Drainage point or reference

mark on the Lower part
Figure 2. Position of longitudinal welds on

the shell
5.1.3 Design of the ends

5.1.3.1 Shape and dimensions of the ends
The torispherical ends shall be made from a single
sheet.
Dishing and flanging shall be carried out by a
mechanical forming procedure, for example by
pressing or spinning. Hand forming is not
permitted.
The torispherical end shall meet the requirements
of figure 3 and table 2.
Table 2. Height of the cylindrical portion of

ends
Dimensions in millimetres
eh
himin
himax
3
12
25
4
16
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EN 286-4 : 1994
5
20
6 1 8
24
32
40
10
40
50
5.1.3.2 Heat treatment after forming
K,
20f P
The minimum design stress shall be taken from
table 1.
ecs =
NOTE. It has been established from the standards quoted in

this part that 0,3Rm is always greater than 0,6R,,,,.
The values of P and K, to be taken into account

are :
a) case no. 1: P 2 1,15P8and K, = 1 for
automatic welding and when tests are carried
out in acordance with 11.1.2.1;
b) case no. 2 : P 2 1,3Psand K, = 1 for automatic
welding and when tests are carried out in
accordance with 11.1.2.2;
c) case no. 3: P 2 1,25Psand K, = 1,15 for
welding using a non-automatic process and
when tests are carried out according to 11.1.1.
5.1.4.3 Calculation of the thickness of the ends ech

The end thickness shall be calculated in the
following manner:
a) Select the values off from table 1, and with
P = P,, calculate Pllof.
The parameters of the heat treatment to which

ends are subjected after forming cannot be
Not for Resale
CEN ENx28b-4 9 4 W 3404589 0 0 8 6 8 4 4 3T7
Page 7
EN 286-4 : 1994
R (nominal) = 0,
0,10,
< r (nominal) < 0,150,
Figure 3. Torispherical end
Calculate he/D,, with he = smallest of 3 values:
b) Calculate hJD, with he the smaller of the

three values:
a) h
+ Do - +,(/Do
= (3,38) + 400 = eh
- rI2 - (D,/2
- e h - r)'
J(400 - 40)' - [400/2 - 3,38 - 4012

= 79,24
where :
0;
ech = ecs ;
h = eh
+ hz
(Do- r)' - (D,/2 - e h

=eh+Do(take eh = ecs + (3).
b, 4R
-
ech) =
C)
92,82
when echis taken as
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c) Determine ech/D0from figure 4.

d) Multiply the value found by Do to obtain the
thickness ech.
e) Verify the calculation with this value in place
of that of ecs.
Example of calculation of thickness eeh of an end of
aluminium alloy 5083 in accordance with IS0
6361-2 for a vessel of diameter Do = 400 mm and a
maximum service temperature of 65 OC.
P = 1,15P, = 1,15 x 10 = 11,5 bar (case no. 1in

5.1.4.2) for'the shell
P = P, = 10 bar for the ends
K, = 1
R = D o = 400 mm
r = O,lDo= 40 mm
T,,, = 65 "C
f = 74 N/mm' from table 1

2'
r)'
NOTE. 0,3 is the minus rolling tolerance for the sheet.
Therefore P/(lOf) = 10/(10 x 74) = 0,0135
+ ech) = 99,23
equal to ecs=
20f P
= 3,08
thus e h
= 3,08
Kc
+ 0,3 = 3,38
giving he = 79,24 and he/D, = 0,198

From figure 4: ech/Do= 0,0101
ech =
0,0101 x 400 = 4,04.
The verification of the calculation with ech

in place of ecs = 3,08 gives:
= 4,04
ech = 4.
5.1.5 Weldedjoints of shells and ends

5.1.5.1 Longitudinal welds
The welds shall be full penetration butt welds.
Backing strips, even of a temporary nature, are
not permitted.
Not for Resale
Page 8
EN 286-4 : 1994
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echlDo
1
0.0140"
9
8
7
6
I
4
ii
0,150
0,250
0,300 0,350 0,400
e 1%
0,001 -
0,001
8 9
I
0,Ol
O,O35
P/(lOf)
Figure 4. Theoretical curves for dished ends
5.1.5.2 Circular welds
The shell/end joints permitted are those shown in

figures 5 to 8.The welds in figures 5 to 7 Shall be
of the full penetration type of the shell/end wall;
and for figure 8 full penetration of the shell wall.
For welding of sheets of different nominal
thicknesses (shell/end weld), there shall be

alignment either of the neutral axes (figure 5) or

of the walls of the internal face or external face,
the Connecting Slope not exceeding 25 % (14")
(see
figures and 7, and the misaliWment Of the
axes not exceeding mm- If the
misalignment of the neutral axes is greater than 1
mm, levelling shall be carried out as shown in
figures 7a and 7b.
Not for Resale
CEN E N * Z B b - 4
9 4 W 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0086846 L7T W
Page 9
EN 286-4 : 1994
5.2 Openings
Figure 5. Butt weld with centre lines aligned
11 25%
rnax(t~ol-,
Figure 6. Butt weld with centre lines offset
Figure 7a
yb
25% max [ 1 4 O )
5.2.1 General
Inspection bosses, pipe connection branches and
drainage bosses are cylindrical parts comprising
an internal pipe thread complying with IS0 228-1
or an IS0 metric thread in accordance with IS0
261.
The permitted shapes and welding are defined in
5.2.4.1 and 5.4.2.2.
The minimum number, dimensions and location on
the vessel are defined in clause 6.
The wall thickness of bosses shall not be less than
2 times the thickness of the sheet to which they
are welded.
5.2.2 Holes for bosses
Where the diameter of the hole in the wall is
greater than 75 mm, a reinforcement calculation is
necessary in accordance with the method described
in 5.2.3.
Where holes require reinforcement, the distance
that they are to be apart is defined in 5.2.3.1.
The maximum distance between the centre of the
dished end and the outer edge of any holes shall
not be greater than 0,40,(see figure 9).
Holes in shells and ends should be located as far
as possible from welded seams and shall in no case
cross any welded seam.
The distance between any two welds measured
from the extremity of the edge preparation shall
not be less than 4 times the nominal thickness of
the shell or end, with a minimum of 25 mm (see
figures 10a and lob).
Figure 7. Butt welds with centre lines offsel

and connecting slope
Figure 9. Position of a hole in an end

Figure 8. Weld of the shell ring to end with
necked edge
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CEN E N r 2 8 b - 4 9 4
= 3404589 0086847 006
Page 10
EN 286-4 : 1994
~~
Ge min
I
Figure 10a
be min
/A
Figure l l a . Reinforcement of cylindrical shell with boss
Figure 10.Distance between two welds

measured from the end of the edge
preparation
A fb
5.2.3 Calculation of the opening

reinforcement
5.2.3.1 General
The calculation method described in 5.2.3.2 and
5.2.3.3 is applicable to shells and dished ends in
which circular holes are made in compliance with
the following conditions and hypotheses.
Reinforcing plates, where used, shall be made from
the same material as that of the vessel to which
they are welded.
The distance between openings, measured from
the outer face of the reinforcing plates or openings
shall not be less than 2 x I, where two openings
require reinforcement, or I,, where only one of the
two openings requires reinforcement.
1,s =
JGGaG
+ I
Figure l l b . Reinforcement of spherical shell with boss
(1)
where :
a) Ri = D,/2 - e,, for shells;
b) Ri = R for ends.
Reinforcement of the openings is obtained by the
use of:
a>recess welded bosses (see figures l l a and
1lb);
b) welded reinforcing plates and recess welded
bosses (see figure l l c ) .
Adequate reinforcement shall be provided in all
planes passing through the axis of the opening.
5.2.3.2 Reinforcement of opening
Only bosses of the full penetration type as shown
in figures l l a and l l b may be used.
Figure l l c . Reinforcement of spherical shell by reinforcing

plate and boss
Figure 11. Reinforcement of opening

--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Not for Resale
Page 11
EN 286-4 : 1994
The length of the boss

contributing to the
reinforcement, used in equation (3) for
determining Ab shall not be greater than I, [see
equation (211:
Irh 5 ITS
(2)
The value of erb used for determining Aa in
equation (3) shall not be more than twice ers.
The following condition shall also be complied
with:
(3)
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
5.2.3.3 Reinforcement by reinforcing plate and

boss
One of the following two conditions shall be
complied with:
- the permissible stress f b is less than stress f :
Pl10 (A, + 0,5(Afs+Ab + 0,7Af,)]
_< f(& + 0,7Afp)+ fh&,
- the permissible stress fb is greater than
stress f :
&
A,
(Af,+ Am + 0,7Afp
where :
a) the areas A,, Ab, Af, and Af, are determined
as shown in figures l l a , l l b and l l c ;
to be
b) the maximum height of the boss
used in the calculation is:
Figure 12. Fixing of a boss by an external

weld
Figure 13. Fixing of a boss by internal and

external welds
Irh = 0,8v?(doh - erb)e,h
c) the maximum height of the part of the boss

(&.hi) inside the vessel, to be used in the
calculation is :
hi = 0,5Irb
d) the dimensions of the reinforcing plate to be
used in the calculation are:
erp I
ers and I,, 5 I,
5.2.4 Welding of bosses
5.2.4.1 Inspection openings and pipe connection
branches
Welds can be either full penetration welds (see
figures 12 and 13)or partial penetration welds
(see figure 14).
5.2.4.2 Drainage openings
The welds shall be full penetration welds of the
wall of the vessel. Weld preparation of the vessel
may be necessary.
Examples of permitted welds are given in figures
15, 16 and 17.
If the drainage opening cannot be made in the
bottom of the vessel, drainage shall nevertheless
be provided by one of the permitted methods
shown in figures 18 to 25.

Not for Resale
Figure 14. Fixing of a boss by internal and

external fillet welds
Figure 15. Fixing of a drainage boss by an

external weld
CEN EN*2b-4
94
3404589 008b49 989
Page 12
EN 286-4 : 1994
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Figure 20. Dip tube fixed to the shell of a

vertical vessel
Figure 16. Fixing of a drainage boss by

internal and external welds
Figure 17.Fixing of a drainage boss with

drainage groove
Figure 21. Dip tube fixed to a top end of a
vertical vessel
///
'f.L/
Figure 18. Dip tube k e d to an end

Figure 22. Dip tube fixed to the upper part of
the shell of a horizontal vessel
Figure 19. Dip tube fixed to the shell of a

horizontal vessel
SW figures
12, 13 and 14
Figure 23. Fixing of a dip tube

Not for Resale
CEN ENY28b-4
94
3 4 0 4 5 8 9 O086850 bTO
m
Page 13
EN 286-4 : 1994
The locations of the bosses shown in figure 26 are

recommended. Other locations may be specified as
long as they permit access for internal inspection
and drainage of the vessel.
'igures
and 14
7 Marking
7.1 General
Vessels complying with this Part of this European
Standard shall bear the identification and service
marks given in 7.4.
These marks are stamped either in the metal of
the vessel itself or on a plate welded to the vessel
wall.
These marks shall be located on the vessel at one
of the positions shown in figure 27.
Figure 24. Fixing of a dip tube to a boss
figures
13 and 14
Figure 25. Recessed fixing of a dip tube to a

boss
6 Inspection and drainage bosses

The vessels shall have a t least the inspection and
drainage bosses of the dimensions given in table 3
However, vessels with a PV less than or equal to
1000 bar litres (with L < 1500)may have only onc
boss for pipe connection, inspection and drainage.
In this case, the minimum diameter is 30 mm.
Other bosses intended particularly for pipe
connections may be provided, as long as they are
located well away from welded joints or seams
subject to deformation, and in particular away
from the knuckle ends.
dibl
dibi
Minimum diameter: 30 mm
A diameter of 30 mm corresponds
approximately to internal threads G1
and M33
Minimum diameter: 18 mm
A diameter of 18 mm corresponds
approximately to internal threads
and M20
7.2 Marking stamped in the metal of the

vessel
Stamping of marks shall only be carried out on
vessel walls of thickness e 2 5 mm.
The stamps shall not have any sharp edges and
the depth of the stamping shall not exceed one
tenth of the wall thickness.
When the marking is on an end, the mark shall be
stamped as far as possible away from the
theoretical line of intersection of the knuckle
radius and the spherical radius and shall be close
to the end base, without interfering with the weld
of the pipe connection branch.
Marking shall be carried out before the ends are
welded onto the shell.
The only marks that shall be stamped onto the
finished vessel are those given in items 6 ) and 10)
of 7.4.
7.3 Marking stamped on a plate
The dimensions of the marking plate are given in
figure 28.
7.4 Identity and service marks

This marking shall follow the general arrangement
shown in figure 29 or, if necessary, shall be in
three zones (see figure 27). These marks shall
have a minimum height of 5 mm. The dimensions
in figure 29 are given for guidance.
8 Corrosion protection
8.1 General
An aluminium alloy vessel is particularly sensitive
to electrochemical corrosion. It should therefore be
insulated electrically from the chassis of the
vehicle.
NOTE. Examples of installation conditions are given in the
informative annex F.
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Not for Resale
C E N EN*28h-Y
3404589 O O B b 8 5 L 537
9Y
Page 14
EN 286-4 : 1994
fi
b2
Le 1 5 0 0 mm
-I
II
n
l
LZ
1500 rnm
NOTE. The drainage opening may be located other than in the bottom of the vessel provided that the vessel
has a system for ensuring its complete drainage (see 5.2.4.2)
Figure 26. Location of openings
If corrosion protection is necessary (see 8.3) it

shall be the subject of an agreement between the
railway customer and the supplier and meet the
service surveillance requirements given in annex
G.
8.2 Protection of internal walls
No protection is required.
8.3 Protection of external walls
The outer walls of vessels not protected against
impact of ballast or particles from the braking of
the vehicle shall be given a protective surface
coating.
9 Qualification of welding procedures

Welding procedures shall be specified in
accordance with EN 288 : Parts 1, 2 and 4. The
qualification shall be witnessed by an approved
inspection body.
10 ualification of welders and

we1 ing operators
Welders and welding operators shall be qualified

in accordance with EN 287 : Part 2. The
qualification shall be witnessed by an approved
inspection body.
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Not for Resale
CEN E N w 2 8 b - 4 9 4 W 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0 0 8 6 8 5 2 473
Page 15
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
EN 286-4 : 1994

Not for Resale
~~~
CEN ENr28b-4 9 4
3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0 0 8 6 8 5 3 30T
Page 16
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
EN 286-4 : 1994
m
m
fi

Not for Resale
= 3404589
~
CEN E N * Z B b - 4
94
OOb5Y 246
1) Name or trademark of the manufacturer and place of fabrication. (The arrangement and height of the characters are left
t o the discretion of the manufacturer).
2) Year of fabrication.
3) Vessel pattern number and batch identification.
4) Internal volume (in litres).
5 ) Maximum working pressure (in bars).
6 ) Mark of compliance with this European Standard : EN 286-4, and the last 2 digits of the year in which the mark is affixed.
The CE mark and the distinguishing number of the approved inspection body.
7 ) Minimum service temperature T,,, (in C).
8) Maximum service temperature T,,, (in C )
9) Name or trademark of the user. Order number allocated by the user.
10) Provision for date (last 2 digits of the year) and inspectors stamp corresponding to the detailed inspections and tests given
in G.6.
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Page 17
EN 286-4 : 1994
NOTE. If the vessel is re-tested, the corresponding marks (data and stamp) should be located next to the existing
obligatory marks. In the case of a plate, it should have a free space for this purpose.
Figure 29. Identity and service marks
diameter 2e, through an angle of 180";

b) one reverse bend test around a mandrel of
diameter 2e, through an angle of 180";
c) one macro test.
11 Testing of the vessels

11.1 Testing of welds by the manufacturer
Welds shall be tested in accordance with the
requirements of tables 4 to 6.
The acceptance criteria are specified in 11.1.5.
11.1.1 Welds made by non-automatic welding
In this case: P 2 1,25Ps and Kc = 1,15 (see 5.1.4.2
case no. 3).
11.1.2 Welds made by an automatic process
11.1.2.1 With P 2 1,15Ps and Kc = 1 (see 5.1.4.2
case no. 1)
11.1.2.2 With P 2 1,3Ps and Kc
case no. 2).
1(see 5.1.4.2
11.1.3 Destructive testing of welds on coupon

plates
The following tests shall be carried out by the
manufacturer on coupon plates:
a) one face bend test around a mandrel of
11.1.4 Quality of the films

The quality class of the films shall be determined
in accordance with the requirements of IS0 2437.
11.1.5 Acceptance criteria for welds
The results of all the tests shall be recorded. If a
test gives an unsatisfactory result, the reason
shall be sought and a further two samples shall be
prepared and verified. If it can be shown that the
failure is a result of a local or accidental defect
and that the re-tests are satisfactory, the re-test
results shall be accepted.
If a new sample gives unsatisfactory results all the
welds of all the vessels produced since the start of
production or since the last unsatisfactory nondestructive test shall undergo a non-destructive
test.
Not for Resale
~~
CEN ENx28b-4
3404589 0 0 8 6 8 5 5 1 8 2 W
94
Page 18
Tables 7 and 8 show the acceptance levels.

If any part of a weld has been repaired the whole
of the repaired weld seam shall be verified by
means of a non-destructive test.
Following the bending tests, the sample shall not
have any defects greater than 3 mm in any
direction.
In the macrographic examination, the affected
surface of the sample shall show, through the
microscope, a welded point image with an
adequate penetration and with no defects other
than those permitted in table 8.
11.1.6 Finish of longitudinal and circular

joints
All welds shall have a smooth finish without
valleys and shall merge into the plates without
undercutting or abrupt irregularity (see table 7).
To ensure that the weld is fully penetrated and
thus that the surface of the weld metal does not
fall below the surface of the adjoining plate, weld
metal may be built up as reinforcement on each
side of the plate. This reinforcement shall not
exceed the values given in table 9.
The reinforcement need not be removed except to
the extent that it exceeds the permissible
thickness.
Table 4. Amount of testing reauired for welds made by a non-automatic process

~
Verification by the approved

inspection body where
required
Testing by the manufacturer
Test
Nondestructive test (NDT)
Each vessel
i00 yo visual inspection
1 i00 yo X-ray of
Each welding
machine and each the weld, including
welding procedure junctions, on the
same vessel
Destructive test @T)
or 1 coupon plate
Circumferential weld
If the welding process or the designation of the

filler metal is identical to that used for the
longitudinal weld, then the circumferential weld
needs no further testing.
If the welding process or standard designation of

the filler metal differs from those used for making
the longitudinal weld:
1 coupon plate at the
start of fabrication
Then every 300 m of we-3 with a minimum on any

one vessel of the batch of
1 100 % X-ray of
the weld

or 1 coupon plate
Not for Resale
Visual inspection of
coupon plates and films
held by the manufacturer.
Inspection of the results
of the various tests
carried out in application
of this standard.
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
EN 286-4 : 1994
CEN E N * 2 8 b - 4
9 4 I3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0 0 8 6 8 5 6 019
Page 19
EN 286-4 : 1994
Table 5. Amount of testing required for welds made by an automatic rocedure with P 2 1,15P

required
Non-destructive test (NDT)
Each vessel
Destructive test (DT)
100% visual inspection
1 X-ray per film of

length greater than
200 mm including at
least one junction
or
1 coupon plate
During manufacture
Every 100 m of weld or at each change of adjustment
outside the tolerances fixed in the description of the
welding procedure or at each change of standard
designation of the filler metal:
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
1 X-ray per film of

or
length greater than
200 mm including at least
one junction
1 coupon plate
Circumferentia1 weld
If the welding process or the designation of the filler
metal is identical to that used for the longitudinal
weld, then the circumferential weld needs no further
testing.
If the welding process or standard designation of the
filler metal is different from those used for making
the longitudinal weld :
After adjustment
1X-ray per film of
length greater than
200 mm including at
least one junction
or
1 coupon plate
During manufacture
welding procedure or at each change in the standard
1X-ray per film of
length greater than
200 mm including at
least one junction

or
1coupon plate
Not for Resale
Visual inspection of
held by the manufacturei
Inspection of the results
of the various tests
carried out in applicatioi
of this standard.
CEN EN*K286-4
74
3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0 0 8 6 8 5 7 T55
Page 20
EN 286-4 :1994
Table 5. Amount of testing required for welds made by an automatic procedure with P 2 1,15Ps
(concluded)
Test

reauired
Non-destructive test (")II Destructive test
(DT)
With a minimum per batch of vessels or per month:
2 X-rays per film

or 2 coupon plates
of length greater than
200 mm including at least
one junction
NOTE.The coupon plates or X-rays shall be from different vessels
in the batch
Table 6. Amount of testing required for welds made by an automatic procedure with P 2 1,15P,
Testing by the manufctwer
Verificationby the approved

inspedion body where
rwTest
Non-destrucve test 0
Each vessel
100%visual inspection
Longitudinal weld
ARer adjustment
1X-ray per f
ilm of
length greater than
200 mm including at
least one junction
or 1coupon plate
During manufacture
Each welding
machine and
each welding
ProCedure
1X-ray per f
ilm of
length greater than
200 mm including at
least one junction
or 1coupon plate
circumferential weld
If the welding process or the designation of the m e r

metal is identical to that used for the longitudid
weld, then the circumferential weld needs no further
testing:

Not for Resale
Viiual inspechon of
held by the manufacturer.
Inspection of the various
tests carried out in
application of this
standard.
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

outside the tolerances fixsed in the description of the
designation of the m e r metal:
CEN E N * 2 b - 4
3 4 0 4 5 8 9 O086858 771
94
Page 21
EN 286-4 : 1994
Table 6. Amount of testing required for welds made by an automatic procedure with P
1,3P,
(concluded)
required
Non-destructive test (NDT)
If the welding process or standard designation of the

filler metal is different from those used for making the
longitudinal weld :
After adjustment
1 X-ray per film of
length greater than
200 mm including at
least one junction
or
1 coupon plate
During manufacture
1X-ray per film of
length greater than
200 mm including at
least one junction
or
1 coupon plate
Within a minimum per batch of vessels or per month:
or
1coupon plate
NOTE. The coupon plates or X-rays shall be from any vessels in the
batch

Not for Resale
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
1X-ray per film of

length greater than
200 mm including at
least one junction
Page 22
EN 286-4 1994
Table 7. Acceptance levels of defects in butt-welds, detected by visual examination
TEN 26520 reference I Acceptance level
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Defect
Lack of penetration
Undercut
Shrinkage groove
Root concavity
I
Excessive penetration
Excess weld metal
Irregular surface
Overlap
Linear misalignment
Arc strike
Spatter
Torn surface
Grinding mark
Chipping mark
I402
I Not permitted
5011
5012
5013
I515
I
I
I
I 504
502
514
509
511
513
517
b
506
Slight and intermittent, permitted provided not

sharp and does not exceed 0,5 mm depth
As undercut
Asundercut
See 11.1.6
See 11.1.6
Reinforcement to be of continuous and regular
shape with complete filling of groove
Not permitted
See 5.1.5.2
Grind smooth
Acceptance subject to thickness verification and
crack detection test
507
601
602
603
604
605
Table 8. Acceptance levels of lefects in butt-welds, detected by X-ray examination

EN 26520 reference
100
2011
2013
2017
Porosity (uniformly distributed) 2012
Defect
I Acceptance level
Cracks
Porosity (isolated and grouped)
Porosity (linear)
2014
Crater pipes
Slag and flux inclusions
and elongated cavities
(individual and parallel
to weld axis)
Slag and flux inclusions
and wormholes (random not
parallel to weld axis)
2024
3011
302 1
2015
Copper inclusions
Lack of fusion (side,
root or inter-run)
3012
3013
3022
3023
2016
3042
40 1
Not permitted
Individual diameter e/4 but not more than 2 mm
for a 2 % projected area max.
Individual diameter e/4 but not more than 2 mm
for a 2 % projected area max.
Check for lack of fusion before accepting.
Otherwise as 2011,2012,2013
Not permitted
Individual length max. e/3
Summation of length = e max. in 12e length if
separation < 6 x longest defect
Individual length max. e/3
Not permitted
Not pe-itted
Area = maximum length of weld affected x local width of weld.

Not for Resale
I
I
= 3404589
~~
CEN EN*K28b-4
94
0 0 8 6 8 6 0 5LlT
Page 23
EN 286-4 : 1994
Table 9. Maximum permissible reinforcemenl

for longitudinal and circular welds
Thickness of the thicker
plate
Dimensions in millimetres
Maximum reinforcement
thickness r l
or r2 (see figure 30)
11.3 Pressure test

Each vessel with all its fittings (bosses, brackets,
etc.) shall be subjected to a hydrostatic test, prior
to the application of the protective coating,
equivalent to a pressure of 1,5 times the design
pressure, i.e.:
a) 17,25 bar when the design pressure is taken
as 11,5 bar (case no. 1 - 5.1.4.2);
b) 19,5 bar when the design pressure is taken as
13 bar (case no. 2 - 5.1.4.2);
c) 18,75 bar when the design pressure is taken
as 12,5 bar (case no. 3 - 5.1.4.2).
in the presence of a person of recognized
competence (see clause 12).
This pressure shall be maintained for a sufficient
length of time to permit a visual examination of all
the surfaces and all the welded joints. The vessel
shall show no sign of plastic deformation or
leakage.
Subject to agreement, a pneumatic test may be
carried out on each vessel, at the pressure defined
above.
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
5<e112
not exceeding 25% (14)and with rounding of

radius greater than 50 mm. Their dimensions
shall not exceed :
+ 3 mm;
f) radially
g ) longitudinally
0,25 L ;
h) transversely
71DJ20.
In addition, surface scratches are permitted as
long as they are less than 0,l mm deep.
Acceptance of a concentration of scratches shall be
the subject of agreement between the
manufacturer and the client.
<y
Figure 30. Reinforcement thickness
11.2 Dimensional inspection

Vessels fabricated manually shall be inspected
individually in order to ensure that they comply
with the tolerances specified below.
For vessels fabricated on an automatic line, the
inspector shall ensure, at the start of fabrication,
that the vessels meet the following dimensional
requirements. He shall then carry out a thorough
examination on at least one vessel in every 50
fabricated.
Unless otherwise stated, the following tolerances
apply:
a) length L
f 7 mm;
b) diameter Do ( 5 500 mm)
f 3 mm;
( > 500 mm)
0,6 %;
0,01D,;2
c) circularity of the cylindrical body
d) straightness of any generating line
of the cylindrical body
0,O1Do;2
d) straightness of any generating line
f o,01L;2
of the cylindrical body
e) volume of the vessel in the
f 3,5 %.
as-delivered state
In addition, the wall of the vessels shall be free of

localized defects such as sudden local
irregularities, bumps, flats, cavities, folds, tool
marks or visible symmetry defects. Cavities or
bumps are permitted provided that they connect
with the surrounding surface with gentle slopes
WARNING. The pneumatic test is potentially a

much more dangerous operation than the
hydraulic test in that, irrespective of the size of
the vessel, any failure during testing may result in
an explosion. It should therefore only be carried
out after consultation with the inspection body and
having ensured that the safety measures taken
comply with current legislation of the country in
which the test is carried out.
All vessels which fail the pressure test shall be
rejected. Repairs may be permitted, with the
agreement of the client network, but in this case
the pressure test shall be repeated.
2Thetolerances of shape and position are set out in IS0 1101.

Not for Resale
CEN ENx28b-4 9 4
3404589 0086861 486
Page 24
EN 286-4 : 1994
12 Certification procedures
14 Delivery
This standard specifies three classes of vessel to

which the certification procedure set out in table
10 applies.
After complete drying of the inside walls, the

vessel in the delivery condition shall have all its
openings plugged with plastic stoppers or some
other means to ensure that the inside of the vessel
is free from dust, water or any other foreign
bodies.
13 Information to be sup lied at the

time of invitation to ten er and the
time of order
The invitation to tender and order, to which is

attached the final drawing of the vessel, shall
indicate the number of this standard and specify
the following, if they have not already been
specified in the drawing or the documents attached
to it:
a) the dimensions and volume of the vessel;
b) the aluminium alloy or alloys, together with
the number of the reference standard, from
which the shell and ends are to be made (see
clause 4);
c ) the type of shell/end joints (see 5.1.5.2);

d) the shape of the openings and their welding
to the vessel (see 5.2.4);
e) the location of the openings (see clause 6);
f) whether the marking is stamped in the metal
or on a plate (see clause 7 ) ;
g) the marks which the vessel shall have and
their location on it (see 7.4);
h) corrosion protection measures (see clause 8 ) ;
j) a drawing showing how the vessel is
assembled on the vehicle (see annex F);
k) the requirements for service surveillance (see

informative annex G).
Prior to despatch, the vessel shall be suitably

protected to avoid any damage (impact,
deformation . . . ) during transport.
The packing shall be determined by the railway
customer and the manufacturer.
15 Documentation to accompany the

vessel
The documentation to accompany the vessel shall
include :
a) particulars given on the vessel nameplate,
including the serial identification;
b) the use for which the vessel has been
designed;
c) the installation and maintenance
requirements where they differ from those given
in annexes F and G respectively;
d) a declaration that the vessel is in accordance
with the requirements of this European
Standard (see annex BI;
e) for information to the customer, a statement
on the test certificate that there shall be no
welding operations carried out on pressurized
parts of the vessel.
The documentation shall be in the language, or
languages, of the country of destination.
Table 10. Classification of vessels

Certification Drocedure2
Class 1
Greater than
3000 bar litres
and not more than
10000 bar litres
_ _ _ _ _ ~
Class 2
Greater than
200 bar litres
and not more
than 3000 bar litres
Class 3
Greater than
50 bar litres
and not more
than 200 bar litres
Type examination
(see annex D)
or approval
of design and
construction
dossier
(see annex C,
clause 2)
Verification
See annex A
See annex A
Verification
or declaration of
conformity
and surveillance (and
special documents)
See annex B
Verification
or declaration of
conformity (and
special documents)
At manufacturers choice.
)The mark of the inspection body shall be affixed to the vessels subjected to verification.
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

IComment
Not for Resale
See annex A
See annex B
Page 25
EN 286-4 : 1994
Annex A (normative)
Verification
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
A.1 General
Verification shall be performed by an approved
inspection body on batches of vessels submitted by
their manufacturer or by his authorized
representative. Batches shall be accompanied by
the type-examination certificate (see annex D) or
by the certificate of approval of the design and
manufacturing schedule (certificate of adequacy)
(see annex C).
When a batch is examined, the inspection body
shall ensure that the vessels have been
manufactured and checked in accordance with the
design and manufacturing schedule and shall
perform a hydrostatic test or, subject to the
agreement of the Member State, a pneumatic test
on each vessel in the batch at at a pressure equal
to 1,5 times the design pressure. Moreover, the
inspection body shall carry out tests on test pieces
taken from a representative production coupon
plate or from a vessel, as the manufacturer
chooses, in order to examine weld quality. The
tests shall be carried out on lonstudinal welds.
However, where differing welding techniques are
used for longitudinal and circumferential welds,
the tests shall be repeated on representative test
pieces of circumferential welds.
A.2 Construction verification
The approved inspection body shall perform the
following checks and examinations.
A.2.1 Check of the manufacturing record
The manufacturing record shall be checked (see
annex E).
A.2.2 External and internal inspection,
dimensional check
The inspection body shall check the identification
of the vessel, e.g. the data-plate, and shall inspect
the vessels visually, externally and internally, for
defects, especially the seams.
The inspection shall be performed before any
permanent covering coatings are applied.
The inspection body shall check dimensions of
shells, ends, openings and other parts, that are of
importance t o the safety of the vessel, for
conformity with the drawings. Distances important
for safety (e.g. distance between openings) shall be
checked if considered necessary.
NOTE. Normally it is adequate if 10%of vessels are checked
and inspected, these to be selected by the approved inspection
body.
A.2.3 Destructive testing

Destructive testing as required by 11.1.3 shall be
witnessed by the approved inspection body who
will certify the results.
A.2.4 Non-destructive testing

Non-destructive testing of butt weld seams as
required by clause 11 shall be checked by the
approved inspection body. This includes spot
checks of films. If the films are not available, spot
NDT shall be performed according to tables 4 to 6.
Annex B (normative)
Declaration of conformity Surveillance
B.l General
B.l.l Declaration of conformity
Vessels in accordance with the European Standard
whose product Ps and V exceeds 50 bar litres but
which does not exceed 3000 bar litres are, at the
choice of the manufacturer, either subject to
verification (see annex A) or subject to the
declaration of conformity.
B.1.2 Surveillance
By the declaration of conformity the manufacturer
becomes subject to surveillance for vessels for
which the product of Pc and V exceeds 200 bar
litres and does not exceed 3000 bar litres. The
purpose of surveillance is to ensure that the
manufacturer duly fulfils the obligations required
by this European Standard.
In the case of vessels manufactured in accordance
with an approved specimen, for which a type
examination certificate exists, surveillance shall be
the responsibility of the approved inspection body
which issued this type of examination certificate.
In the case of vessels not manufactured in
accordance with an approved specimen,
surveillance shall be the responsibility of the
approved inspection body which issued the
certificate of approval of the design and
manufacturing schedule (certificate of adequacy)
(see C.2).
B.2 Procedure required before

commencement of manufacture of vessels of
classes 2 and 3 (see clause 12) subject to a
declaration of conformity
B.2.1 Responsibilities of the manufacturer
Before commencing manufacture, the
manufacturer shall submit to the approved
inspection body which issued the type examination
certificate or the certificate of adequacy (see annex
C), a document describing the manufacturing
processes and all of the predetermined, systematic
measures taken to ensure conformity of the vessels
with this European Standard.
This document shall include the design and
manufacturing schedule and the documents
referred to in B.2.1.1 to B.2.1.5.
Not for Resale
CEN EN*Z8b-4
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EN 286-4 : 1994
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
The manufacturer shall appoint a management

representative who, irrespective of other
responsibilities, shall have independent authority
and responsibility for ensuring that the
requirements of this European Standard are
implemented and maintained.
B.2.1.1 A description of the means of manufacture
and inspection appropriate to the construction of
the vessels.
B.2.1.2 An inspection document describing the
appropriate examinations and test to be carried
out during manufacture together with the
procedures thereof and the frequency with which
they are to be performed.
B.2.1.3 An undertaking to carry out the
examinations and tests in accordance with the
inspection document referred to above and to have
a hydrostatic test carried out on each vessel in
accordance with this European Standard.
B.2.1.4 The addresses of the places of manufacture
and storage and the date on which manufacture is
to commence.
B.2.1.5 In addition, when the product of Ps and V
exceeds 200 bar litres, the manufacturer shall
authorize access to the said places of manufacture
or storage by the body responsible for the
surveillance, for inspection purposes, and allow
that body to select sample vessels and provide it
with all necessary information and in particular:
a) the design and manufacturing schedule;
b) the inspection report;
c ) the type examination certificate or certificate
of adequacy, where appropriate;
d) a report on the examinations and test carried
out.
B.2.2 Responsibilities of the approved
inspection bodies
The inspection body responsible for the
surveillance shall examine the documents referred
to in B.2.1.1 and B.2.1.3 in order to check their
conformity with the requirements of this European
Standard and with:
a) the conditions stated in the certificate of
adequacy; or
b) the design and manufacturing record and the
conditions stated in the type examination
certificate.
Manufacturing cannot commence before the
approved inspection body has issued written
approval of this document.

B.3 Procedures required during manufacture

of vessels of classes 2 and 3 (see clause 12)
subject to a declaration of conformity
B.3.1 Responsibilities of the manufacturer
The manufacturer shall ensure that the
inspections and testing are carried out in
accordance with the documented procedures to
complete the evidence of full conformance of the
vessel to this European Standard. The inspection
and test status of vessels shall be identified by
using markings, authorized stamps, tags, labels,
inspection records, physical location or other
suitable means which indicate conformance or
non-conformance of vessels with regard to
inspection and tests performed.
Records shall identify the inspection authority
responsible for the release of conforming vessels.
The manufacturer shall maintain control of vessels
that do not conform to the requirements of this
European Standard. All nonconforming vessels
shall be clearly identified and segregated to
prevent unauthorized use, delivery or mixing with
conforming vessels.
Repaired or re-worked vessels shall be re-inspected
in accordance with documented procedures.
B.3.2 Responsibilities of approved inspection
bodies
For vessels whose product of Ps and V exceeds 200
bar litres, the inspection body responsible for
surveillance shall, during fabrication:
a) ensure that the manufacturer manufactures
and checks the vessels in accordance with the
documents described in B.2.1;
b) take random samples - two at each visit (see
B.3.4.2) - at the place of manufacture or
storage of vessels for inspection purposes as
given in B.3.3 and B.3.4.
B.3.3 Frequency of inspection body operation
Initial operation a) and b) of B.3.2 shall be carried
out within two months of the commencement of
manufacture and, afterwards, random checks will
be made at the normal rate of one visit per year if
the rate of production of vessels of the same type
is up to 3000/year and twice if production is more
than 6000/year. For production quantities between
these, the rate of visit will be adjusted accordingly.
B.3.4 Surveillance checks and tests
To ensure that the manufacturer produces and
checks vessels subject to the declaration of
conformity in accordance with this European
Standard, the inspection body responsible for the
surveillance shall perform the following checks,
inspections, examinations and tests.
Not for Resale
CEN EN*28b-4
94
3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0 0 8 6 8 6 4 19.5
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EN 286-4 : 1994
B.3.4.1 Check of the design and manufacturing

record, the inspection report and the report on the
examinations and tests carried out, in particular
with respect to completeness, consistency, validity
of certificates, qualification of personnel, etc.
B.3.4.2 The inspection body shall select at random
at least two vessels in such a manner that at least
one vessel per family is selected per year. On these
vessels, it shall perform an external and internal
inspection, a dimensional check, a non-destructive
test of all butt welds (radiographic examination)
and a hydrostatic test (see A.l).
B.3.4.3 The inspection body shall make available
to the manufacturer a copy of the surveillance
report that has been prepared.
Annex C (normative)
Design and manufacturing schedules
C . l Content
The design and manufacturing schedules shall
contain the name of the manufacturer and the
place of manufacture and shall give the following
information:
- a detailed manufacturing drawing of the
vessel type;
- a set of instructions comprising:
a) the maximum working pressure, Ps .........
bar;
b) the maximum working temperature,
T,,, ...... "C;
c) the minimum working temperature,
T,,, ...... 'C;
d) the volume of the vessel, V .......... litre;
e) the name or mark of the manufacturer;
f ) a drawing showing assembly of the vessel
to the rolling stock approved by the client
network indicating in particular the method
of attachment (see annex F);
g) the service surveillance requirements
approved by the client network (see annex GI;
- a document describing:
a) the materials selected;
b) the welding processes used;
c) the checks to be carried out;
dj any pertinent details as to the vessel
design including the design pressure;
e) the certificates relating to the suitable
qualification of the welding procedures and of
the welders or operators;

f ) if the certificates for the welding

procedures, welders or operators are not
available, this shall not prevent the approved
body from evaluating the other documents.
However, they shall be submitted before
approval is given or manufacturing
commences ;
g) the inspection slips for the materials used
for the manufacture of parts and assemblies
contributing to the strength of the pressure
vessel or a specimen of these inspection slips;
h) a specimen of the proposed report on
examination and tests.
C.2 Approval of design and manufacturing
schedule (certificate of adequacy)
If vessels are not manufactured on the basis of a
type-examination certificate, the manufacturer or
his authorized representative shall submit to an
approved inspection body an application for design
approval and enclose three copies of this design
and manufacturing schedule (see C.1).
Various vessels or vessel families can be included
in one design and manufacturing schedule, but all
vessel details (including branches, bosses and
attachments) of the production envisaged shall be
included.
The approved inspection body shall examine these
documents in order to check the conformity of the
design, of the required tests, and of the
qualifications with the requirements of this
standard. If they are in agreement with the
requirements of this standard the approved
inspection body shall issue a certificate of
adequacy which shall be forwarded to the
applicant.
Annex D (normative)
Type examination
Type examination is the procedure by which an
approved inspection body ascertains and certifies
that a prototype vessel satisfies the provisions of
this part of this European Standard. The
manufacturer or his authorized representative
shall submit to an approved inspection body an
application for type examination.
The application shall include three copies of the
design and manufacturing schedule (see annex C)
and a prototype vessel which is representative of
the production envisaged.
If the application is lodged for various vessels, a
prototype vessel is required for each vessel type.
Various vessels or vessel types can be included in
one design and manufacturing schedule, but all
vessel details (including branches, bosses and
attachments) of the production envisaged shall be
included.
Not for Resale
C E N EN*:28b-4
94
3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0086865 021
Page 28
EN 286-4 :1994
The approved inspection body shall also verify that

the vessel has been manufactured in conformity
with the design and manufacturing schedule and
is representative of the type and shall perform
appropriate examinations and tests (including
100 % NDT of main seams and a hydrostatic test).
If the design and manufacture schedule and the
prototype(s) comply with the provisions of this part
of this European Standard, the approved
inspection body shall draw up a type-examination
certificate (per vessel type) which shall be
forwarded to the applicant. The certificate shall
state the conclusions of the examination, indicate
any conditions to which its issue may be subject
and be accompanied by the descriptions and
drawings necessary for identification of the
approved prototype.
Annex E (normative)
Content of the manufacturing record
The manufacturing record of the vessels shall
contain (at least) the following information.
E.l General information

a) the name or mark of the manufacturer;
b) the place of manufacture;
c) the qualification certificates for the welding
procedures and the welders or welding
operators;
d) the reports of the tests and inspections
performed, or description of the proposed
verifications.
E.2 Specific information

a) the identification codes of the vessels specific
to the manufacturer (example No. . . . to . . . 1;
b) the type approval number or the certificate of
adequacy;
c ) the diameter of the vessels;
d) the volume of the vessels;
e) the maximum working pressure;
f) the maximum working temperature;
g) the minimum working temperature, if below
- 10 OC;
h) the test pressure;
j) the drawing number(s);
k) the date of manufacture;
1) the size of the batch;
m) the inspection document for the materials

used in the manufacture of main pressurized
parts;
For parts, other than shells and ends with
diameters not exceeding 250 mm, a
declaration by the manufacturer stating that
only materials complying with the required
documents have been used, is acceptable.
n) the date of the hydrostatic test, signed by the
manufacturers inspector and, in the case of
verification, by the inspector from the approved
inspection body.
E.3 Records
Records shall contain information required by E.1
and E.2 in such a way as to allow traceability. For
the purpose of traceability, records shall be
maintained of the vessel numbercustomer.
Records shall be kept for at least 40 years.
Annex F (informative)
Assembly to the vehicles
F.l General
Particular attention should be paid to the
materials from which surrounding components are
made (straps, cradle, pipes etc.). The difference
between materials in the vessel and the
surrounding unit affects the corrosion resistance of
the aluminium alloy of the vessel.
This corrosion is generally the result of the
difference in the electrical potentials of the
materials present, the presence of stray electric
current and the electrolyte resulting from a moist
environment.
Particular attention should be paid to the
assembly of the vessel on the vehicle in order to
avoid the effects of electrochemical corrosion.
F.2 Fixing
The vessels should be fked by means of straps
with properties as indicated in F.3 and inserts of
corrosion protection tape as defined in F.4.
The vessel is generally fixed by means of two
straps (see figures F.l and F.2 for typical
examples). However, for small vessels, a single
strap may be used as long as it does not obstruct
reading of the identity and service marks.
The straps are fastened to the vehicles by one of
the approved methods shown in figures F.3 to F.6.
Other methods may be used provided that all
safety requirements are complied with.
The means of fixing to the vehicle should be
electrically insulated (see the assembly examples
shown in figures F.7 and F.8). The cradle should,
as far as possible, be part of the vehicle chassis.
Not for Resale
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
The approved inspection body shall examine the

documents in order to check the conformity of
design, qualifications and the proposed tests with
the requirements of this European Standard.
Page 29
EN 286-4 : 1994
rWersd
vessel
,Cradle
Insulating tapes
Figure F.l Fixing by straps of a vessel in the horizontal position
Welded vessel joints
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Insulating tapes
Figure F.3 End of straps with angle brackets

Cradle-
L-
Welded vessel joints
Straps made of circular rod are not permitted.
Insulating tapes
Strap
Figure F.2 Fixing by straps of a vessel in thc

vertical position
F.3 Fixing straps
The fixing straps should be made of flat galvanized
steel of minimum tensile strength R , 5 580 N/mm2
as specified in EN 10025 or steel with equivalent
mechanical properties and dimensions specified in
F.3.1.
F.3.1 Fixing by two straps

The dimensions of the straps are given in table F.1.
F.3.2 Fixing by a single strap
The strap section should be approved by the
customer for each particular case.
F.4 Insulating tapes
The insulating tapes should meet the following
requirements :
a) remain elastic within the limits of the service
temperatures specified by this standard;
b) not be susceptible to creep;
C) retain their insulating Properties on ageing
and in the presence of moisture. The value of the
insulating resistance should, under no
circumstances, be less than 700 ka.
Not for Resale
CEN EN*k2b-4
~~
94
3404589 0 0 8 6 8 6 7 9 T 4
Page 30
EN 286-4 : 1994
Figure F.4 Ends with straps folded and

reinforced
YI
W
Figure F.7 Fixing to the vehicle with a bolt

--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
a i urs ; , $
t ing washer
n:&:
IL
Straps as shown
in figures F5
and F6
Figure F.5 Ends of straps with welded bolt
Figure F.8 Fixing to the vehicle with a nut
Table F.l Dimensions of straps

Dimensions in miliimetres
60 x 6
F.5 Mounting
Figure F.6 Ends of straps with grooved

welded bolt

F.5.1 General
The drawing showing assembly of the vessel on the
vehicle should ensure that the identity and service
marks can be read under all possible conditions.
Contact between the vessel and the vehicle should
always be via cradles, with insulating tape (see F.4)
inserted between the vessel and the cradle.
Not for Resale
~~
CEN E N * Z 8 6 - 4
~~~~
3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0086868 830
94
=
Page 31
EN 286-4
The fixing straps and their insulating tape should

always be placed around the shell (see figures F . l
and F.2). All necessary steps should be taken to
avoid movement of the insulating tape relative to
the straps and the vessel.
The cradle should:
a) be placed transversely in relation to the vessel;
b) be adapted to the shape of the vessel;
c) have a width at least equal to that of the fixing
straps;
d) have a span equal to or greater than 0,6D,.
The tension on the straps required to prevent
movement of the vessel is applied via fasteners (see
figures F.7 and F.8).
F.5.3 Fixing by a single strap

It should be located so as not to obscure the
circular welds.
F.6 Pipe connections
Connections between the non-alloy steel pipes and
the vessels should be of passivated and galvanized
steel FeZn 12 c 2C or Fe/Zn 12 c 2D in accordance
with IS0 2081 and ISO. 4520.
F.7 Protection of the drainage mechanism
Where an automatic drainage mechanism is
mounted directly on to the vessel opening, it should
be protected against accidental damage by a cap.
NOTE. In the case of vehicles fitted with an air dryer, the
drainage opening may be closed by a passivated and galvanized
(see F.6) steel threaded plug with a pressure relief hole and
gasket.
NOTE. The nuts should have locking devices.
Excessive tightening causes plastic deformation of

the vessel wall at the position of the straps,
resulting in rapid fatigue fracture of the vessel.
The assembly drawing should therefore state the
maximum torque to be applied to the fasteners.
Table F.2 gives the permitted tightening torque
values which have been calculated for a Shore
hardness of the insulating tape of 50, and with a
coefficient of friction in the fasteners of 0,2.
Annex G (informative)
Service surveillance of vessels
F.5.2 Fixing by two straps

They should be located as close as possible to the
circular welds without, however, obscuring them as
they should remain visible once the vessel has been
fixed.
I Table F.2 Tightening torques

Diameter of vessel
mm
Fastener diameter
M10
M12
M16
0,3
0,35
0,5
M20
0,65
035
1.2
G.l General
The maintenance recommendations in this annex
meet the minimum safety requirements during
normal service of aluminium alloy vessels which
comply with the requirements of this European
Standard.
The vessels are used throughout the whole service
life of the vehicle or device to which they are fitted,
to a maximum of 40 years. At the end of this
period, they are dispensed with under the
conditions specified in G.10 However, under special
circumstances (a series of vehicles being replaced or
vehicles destined for a museum), the service life of
the vessels may be prolonged subject to suitable
surveillance specified in G.9.
The service surveillance of the vessels complying
with this European Standard is carried out during
periodic inspections or revisions to the vehicle or
the device fitted with it, under the following
conditions.
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
< 450
450 < Do < 600
> 600
Maximum tightening torque

daN.m
1994

Not for Resale
Page 32
EN 286-4 : 1994
6 . 2 Vessels used at: Ps 5 6 bar
I Table G.l Service surveillance of vessels used at P, I6 bar

~
Maximum interval between 2 operations
In a scheduled examination before

600000 km" or 6 years
-24 years on the occasion of a revision
Operation
Removal
Method and
sanction
External visual inspection and

drainage
Internal and external inspection
No
G.4
I No
I G.4 and G.5
"This period may be extended to a maximum of 6 years if the vessel is protected against external attacks, for example if it is
installed in a n enclosure or is an integral part of the apparatus.
6 . 3 Vessels used at: 6 bar < P ,
< 10 bar
m G . 2 Service surveillance of vessels used at 6 bar < P , I

10 bar
Maximum interval between 2 operations
Operation
Removal
Method and
sanction
In a scheduled examination before 2

years and 8 weeks''
24 years on the occasion of a revision
External visual inspection and

drainage
Internal and external inspection
No
6.4
I No
I 6.4 and 6 . 5
"This period may be extended to a maximum of 6 years if the vessel is protected against external attacks, for example if it is
installed in an enclosure or is a n integral part of the apparatus.
In addition, the satisfactory performance of these vessels is ensured by an annual sampling examination
under the following conditions.
Sample
Removal
Method and
sanction
Vessels of the same type, from whole

vehicle fleet or from items they are
fitted to, more than 20 years old
1% rounded to the nearest whole

number
Yes
G.6 and 6 . 7
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Population of vessels concerned
G.4 External inspection

6.4.1 Cleaning
Vessels that are particularly dirty should be
cleaned so as to permit examination of the walls
under acceptable conditions. Cleaning by air blast
should be carried out until all dirt is completely
removed. If a cleaning agent is used, it should not
be aggressive to aluminium alloys.
6.4.2 Examination of marking
If the marks specified in clause 7 are illegible, the
vessel should be rejected.

If a data plate is deformed as a result of impact or

oxidation, but the marks are still visible, it may be
replaced. Conformity to the original marking should
be certified by the affixing of the expert's stamp.
If a new plate is welded on to the vessel, the vessel
should undergo a pressure test in accordance with
11.3.
G.4.3 Inspection of the walk

G.4.3.1 Deformation and irregularities
If the walls of the vessel show localized
deformations or irregularities resulting mainly from
impacts, the vessel should be rejected if these
deformations or irregularities exceed the tolerances
given in G.4.3.1.1 and G.4.3.1.2.
Not for Resale
CEN ENx28b-4
3404587 008b870 4 9 9
94
Page 33
EN 286-4 : 1994
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G.4.3.1.1 Dished ends

Deformations and irregularities should not:
a) have any sharp angles (radius less than half
the knuckle radius);
b) be located on the welds or at a tangent to
them;
c) be located more than 0,4D, from the centre of
the end;
dj have a depth greater than U100 of the vessel
diameter.
G.4.3.1.2 Shell wall
Deformation and irregularities should not:
a) connect with the surrounding surface with
slopes greater than 25% (14 ) or with roundings
or radius less than half the knuckle radius ;
b) be deeper than:
- 1/50 of the vessel diameter and width less
than 4 times the depth;
- 1/25 of the vessel diameter for other cases.
G.4.3.2 Corrosion
The process of electrochemical corrosion of the walls
of the vessels can only start as a result of a defect
in the electrical insulation of the h i n g .
This type of corrosion always starts from the
outside of the vessel.
The vessel should therefore be visually examined to
check:
a) that the external surface of the vessel will be
protected until the next scheduled inspection at
the intervals stated in G.2 and G.3 and if not,
the protection should be re-applied;
b) for presence of corrosion. If any corrosion is of
a depth equal to or greater than 1/10 of the wall
thickness, the vessel should be rejected.
If the vessel is not rejected, the surface protection
and, if necessary, the electrical insulation of the
fastening described in G.4.4 should be re-applied.
G.4.3.3 Other cases leading to rejection of the vessel
If there is doubt about the seriousness of the
defects listed above, or if the vessel has other
discontinuities which may adversely affect its
strength, it should be rejected.
G.4.4 Inspection of the fixings
If it is observed that a strap is broken or cracked it
should be replaced. Welded repairs are not
permitted.
Check the value of the electrical insulation
resistance between the straps and the vessels
greater than 700 kR. If not, replace the defective
insulation.
Inspect for traces of corrosion on the vessel walls,
particularly at the strap points, in accordance with
G.4.3.2.
G.5 Internal examination

Internal inspection of the vessel walls is carried out
with suitable apparatus, such as an endoscope for
example.
If traces of corrosion are detected, their extent
should be assessed. Any pitting of depth equal to or
greater than 1/10 of the wall thickness should lead
to rejection of the vessel.
If there is doubt about the assessment of the depth
of the corrosion, suitable apparatus for measuring
the wall thickness should be used, for example
ultrasonic apparatus.
If the extent of the corrosion does not lead to
rejection of the vessel but is located in an area
corresponding to an external area where traces of
corrosion have already been detected, but without
leading to rejection of the vessel, this vessel should
be rejected.
G.6 Detailed inspection and hydrostatic test
G.6.1 General
These operations should be carried out by
competent approved personnel.
G.6.2 Detailed inspection
Detailed inspection of a vessel entails its removal.
Before carrying out the various phases of the
inspection, the vessel should be examined to see if
there are any defects which might lead to its
rejection.
G.6.2.1 Preparation
Internal and external walls of the vessel should be
exposed by careful cleaning, if necessary using
chemical cleaning agents which are not aggressive
to aluminium alloys.
G.6.2.2 Internal and external inspection
The internal and external inspection of the walls
should be carried out in accordance with the
provisions in G.4 and G.5 with the specified
consequences.
In addition, if any crack, discontinuity in the weld
seams or deterioration of the internal threads of the
inspection openings or pipe connection branches are
detected, the vessel should be replaced.
G.6.3 Hydrostatic test
The vessel which has satisfactorily undergone the
detailed inspection should then be subjected to a
hydrostatic test under the conditions described in
11.3 of this standard.
Once the vessel has successfully undergone the
hydrostatic test, it should be stamped by the
representative of the approved inspection body, or
by the accredited representative, who witnessed the
test.
Not for Resale
Page 34
EN 286-4 : 1994
He atxes:
a) the date of the test (last 2 digits of the year);
b) his stamp.
6.6.4 Return to service
Vessels having successfully undergone the detailed
inspection and hydrostatic test may be refitted to
the vehicle or device.
6.7 Analysis of the results of the annual

sampling on 1%of the population of a specific
type of vessel
Every 2 years, the results of the detailed
inspections and hydrostatic tests which the vessels
undergo and which are covered by 1%sampling
and visual inspections should be analysed by a
competent administrative authority. Measures
should be taken if the results of the 1%sampling
and internal inspections show a significant trend.
6.8 Withdrawal of vehicles or devices to
which the vessel is fitted
When a vehicle or device to which the vessel is
fitted is withdrawn, the vessel should be discarded.
G.11 Filing of results of examination,

inspection and tests
Results of examination, inspections and hydrostatic
tests should be recorded in a maintenance register,
or by any means of storing and analysing them.
The results of analyses of sanctions following the
detailed inspections and hydrostatic tests should be
recorded.
It should be possible to submit all the results on
request at any time to the representative of the
approved body on intervention by the national
administration.
6.12 Responsibilities
The service surveillance operations on the vessels
should be carried out on the responsibility of the
railway companies and under the control of and
under the conditions fixed by the competent
administrative authority.
--```,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
G.9 Special cases of vessels fitted to a series of

vehicles being phased out, vehicles intended
for a museum, or vehicles kept in service for
historical reasons
Vessels fitted to these vehicles may be maintained
in service beyond 40 years subject to the following
provisions :
a) vessels removed after 40 years;
b) vessels then removed every 10 years
thereafter ;
in order to subject them to the operations described
in 6.6.
G.10 Rejection
Any vessel rejected during the surveillance
operation or as a result of 6.8 should be rendered
unusable by puncturing its walls to the right of the
marking by means of a blow torch.
Marking stamped in the metal or on a plate welded
to the wall of the vessel should be rendered
illegible.

Not for Resale
3404589 0086474 400
BS EN
28&4 : 1995
BSI - British Standards Institution

BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British
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international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.
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9502 - 8 - 0.45k - F'P
ISBN O 580 21850 3
PVEl17
Not for Resale
C E N EN*286-4 74 m 3404587 0 0 8 6 8 7 2 261

BS EN 2864 : 1995
National annex NA (informative)

Committees responsible
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The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted to
Technical Committee PVE/ 17 upon which the following bodies were represented:
Associated Offices Technical Committee
BEAMA Ltd.
British Compressed Air Society
British Railways Board
British Steel Industry
Department of Trade and Industry
(Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing Technology Division (Mmt))
Electricity Industry in United Kingdom
Health and Safety Executive
Independent Engineering Insurers Committee
Process Plant Association
Railway Industry Association of Great Britain
Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited
Transmission and distribution Association (BEAMA Limited)
National annex NB (informative)

Cross-references
Publication referred to
EN 287-2
EN
EN
EN
EN
288-1
288-2
288-4
10025
EN 26520
IS0 228-1
IS0 261
IS0 4520

Corresponding British Standard
BS EN 287 Approval testing of welders for.fusion welding

Part 2 A l u m i n i u m and a l u m i n i u m alloys
BS EN 288 Specification and approval of welding procedures f o r metallic
materials
Part 1. General rules-forfusion welding
Part 2. Welding procedure specification f o r arc welding
Part 4. Welding procedure tests f o r arc welding of a l u m i n i u m and its alloys
BS EN 10025 Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels. Technical
deliverry conditions
BS EN 26520 Classtyication of imperfections in metallic f u s i o n welds, with
explanations
BS 2779 Specification for pipe threads f o r tubes and fittings where pressure-tight
joints are not mude on the threads (metric dimensions)
BS 3643 IS0 metric screw threads
Part 1 Principles and basic data
BS 6338 Specification f o r chromate conversion coatings o n electroplated zinc and
cadmium coatings
Not for Resale

bs20 En20286-4

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CEN E N x 2 8 b - 4 - 9 4

Simple unfired pressure

Part 4. Aluminium alloy pressure vessels

The European Standard EN 286-4 : 1995 has the status of a

UDC 621 642.02-98-034 715 629.4-5yZ 620 1 62-777

Copyright European Committee for Standardization

Not for Resale

The European Committee for Standardization, under whose supervision this

Standards Board and comes into

The following BSI references

Copyright European Committee for Standardization

Not for Resale

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity

Copyright European Committee for Standardization

UDC 621.642.02-98-034.715: 629.4-592 620.1 : 62-777

Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or

Rcipients pression simples, non soumis la

Einfache unbefeuerte Druckbehlter fr Luft

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-09-09.CEN members

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36,B-1050Brussels

Ref. No. EN 286-4 : 1994 E

Not for Resale

This European Standard was prepared by CEN/TC

Copyright European Committee for Standardization

Not for Resale

1.6 The requirements of this Part of this

Copyright European Committee for Standardization

Not for Resale

CEN E N x 2 8 b - 4 9 4 W 3404.589 O D 8 b 8 4 L 698 W

Metallic coatings -Electroplated coating

Copyright European Committee for Standardization

External height of the dished part

Not for Resale

CEN EN*Z&b-4 94 W 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 O086842 5 2 4

4.1.1 Shell and ends

4.1.2 Inspection bosses, pipes connection

branches and drainage bosses

5.1.2 Design of the shell

All welds, even of a temporary nature, located

Table 1. Aluminium alloy materials

Copyright European Committee for Standardization

Not for Resale

specified in this standard as they vary according to

Figure 1. Position of longitudinal welds on

5.1.4 Calculation of shell and end thicknesses

Drainage point or reference

Figure 2. Position of longitudinal welds on

5.1.3 Design of the ends

Table 2. Height of the cylindrical portion of

5.1.3.2 Heat treatment after forming

NOTE. It has been established from the standards quoted in

The values of P and K, to be taken into account

5.1.4.3 Calculation of the thickness of the ends ech

The parameters of the heat treatment to which

Not for Resale

CEN ENx28b-4 9 4 W 3404589 0 0 8 6 8 4 4 3T7

< r (nominal) < 0,150,

Figure 3. Torispherical end

Calculate he/D,, with he = smallest of 3 values:

b) Calculate hJD, with he the smaller of the

J(400 - 40)' - [400/2 - 3,38 - 4012

(Do- r)' - (D,/2 - e h

when echis taken as