10.

7 Theories of Failure
The limit of the stress state on a material

Ductile Materials - Yielding

Brittle Materials - Fracture

In a tensile test, Yield or Failure Strength

of a material.
In a multiaxial state of stress, how do we
use Yield or Failure Strength?

10.7 Ductile Materials

A. Maximum Shear Stress Theory
(Tresca Criterion)
In a tension specimen: m ax

The diameter of the Mohr circle =

For Plane Stress: 1 Y

(3=0)

2 Y

max

y
2

1, 2 have same signs.

1, 2 have opposite signs.

1 2 Y

10.7 Ductile Materials

B. Maximum Distortion Energy Theory
(von Mises Criterion)
For the three principal stresses;

1
11 2 2 3 3 1 12 22 32 2 1 2 3 2 1 3
2
2E
After taken out the hydrostatic stress (ave=(1+2+3)/3)
Now substitute 1, 2 and 3 with 1 ave , 2 ave , 3 ave
u

1 2
For plane stress; ud
1 1 2 22
3E

1 2
ud
Y in an uniaxial tension test.
3E

1 2 Y
2
1

2
2

1
B

10.7 Brittle Materials

A. Maximum Normal Stress Theory 1

1 ult

2 ult

B. Mohrs Failure Criteria

1 ult c
1 ult t

Problem10-68 and 69

Y 15 .3ksi
2=.51

Max. Shear Stress

Max.-Distortion-Energy

1 1 and 2 0.5 1
12 1 2 22 Y2

1 1 and 2 0.5 1

1.75 12 15.32

1 2 Y

1 11.6ksi

1.5 1 15.3

1 10.2ksi

Problem 10-96
d =100mm
600Nm

3.056
15kN

ult 170 MPa

P
1.5(103 )

1.91MPa
3
A
7.85(10 )
1.91
Tc
600(0.05)

3.056MPa
6
J 4.9087(10 )

1 , 2 0.955 3.202

2.247 and 4.156MPa

2
R 0.9552 3.0562 3.202
.191
C
0.0955
2

-170
4.156

170

2.247
170

-170