Acids and Bases

Terms:
Acid, Acidic, Base, Basic, Litmus , Indicator ,Neutral, Neutralisation ,Salt

Acid
Def:
Ex:
Properties:

Base
Def:
Ex:
Properties:

Do you know?
Name of acid

Found in

Acetic acid

Vinegar

Formic acid

Ants sting

Citric acid

Citrus fruits such as oranges,lemons, etc.

Lactic acid

Curd

Oxalic acid

Spinach

Ascorbic acid

Amla, Citrus fruits (Vitamin C)

Tartaric acid

Tamarind, grapes,unripe mangoes, etc.

All the acids mentioned above occur in nature

Name of base

Found in

Calcium hydroxide

Lime water

Ammonium hydroxide

Window cleaner

Sodium hydroxide/

Soap

Potassium hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide

Milk of magnesia

Q.Mention the taste of following substances

Substance
Lemon juice
Orange juice
Vinegar
Curd
Tamarind (imli)
Sugar
Common salt
Amla
Baking soda
Grapes
Unripe mango

Indicator:

Preparation of Indicator:

Significance of Indicator:

Taste (sour/bitter/any other)

Tests to Identify the Acid and Base

Indicator
Litmus (Red )
Litmus (Blue)
Turmeric(Yellow)
China rose
solution

In Acidic medium
No change
Red

Basic Medium
Blue
No change

Neutral Medium
No change
No change

Dark pink

Green

No change

Litmus: It has a mauve (purple) colour in distilled water. When added to an acidic
solution, it turns red and when added to a basic solution, it turns blue. It is
available in the form of a solution.
Q.Identify the nature of following substances by using Litmus or China rose.
Substance
Dilute
Hydrochloric acid
Lemon Juice
Tamarind Juice
Windows cleaner

Litmus

China rose

Nature of
substance