Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Multiplexing
Objectives (1 of 3)
Objectives (2 of 3)
Access J1587/1708 and J1939 data buses
using an ATA data connector.
Explain how a smart ladder switch
operates.
List the seven essential fields that make up a
data frame on a truck data bus transaction.
Objectives (3 of 3)
Explain how FETs are used as relays to
effect data bus outcomes.
Access a message identifier on a truck
chassis data bus with multiple networked
electronic systems.
Outline the procedure required to access a
failure mode indicator (FMI) using electronic
service tools.
Multiplexing (1 of 3)
Data bus communications make use of a
technology called multiplexing.
Multiplexing means data-sharing between
multiple system control modules.
Today, technicians regularly access the truck
data bus to troubleshoot, reprogram, and
read the systems within it.
Multiplexing (2 of 3)
Common language: giving electronic subsystems a
common communication language
Information highway: Using a data bus allows data
signals to take the place of hard wire.
New trucks network all of the electronic controllers
in a chassis in a way that:
Multiplexing (3 of 3)
So what do you really have to know about
multiplexing today?
If you have ever used a 6-pin or 9-pin ATA
connector to connect a diagnostic reader or
shop computer to read the electronic systems
on a truck, you already have some experience
in accessing a truck data bus.
Multiplexing
Bandwidth
The speed limit in telecommunications is
measured in baud and K-baud.
Protocols
They are rules and regulations to simplify
electronic transactions.
Multiplexing
Bus Topology
The word topology means an organized
structural system that remains unaffected
when subjected to a sequence of events.
The term bus topology is used in multiplexing
to indicate that no single controller networked
to the bus has more priority or status than
another:
No ECM/ECU is in charge.
Shop Talk
CAN H (high) and CAN L (low) on a
J1939 are not referenced to ground but to
each other.
CAN H and CAN L are referred to by some
OEMs as CAN+ and CAN-.
Shop Talk
When repairing low-bus, twisted wires, avoid
twisting the wires together prior to soldering.
Lay the wires you wish to solder so they
contact each other, then apply tin solder.
Twisting the wires together and applying a
large blob of solder can create unacceptably
high circuit resistance.
Shop Talk
When troubleshooting, if you disconnect a
smart switch, a code will be logged
immediately.
Always use the system self-diagnostics to
locate problems.
FET Operation
Shop Talk
When adding loads to a multiplexed truck
chassis, always consult the OEM service
literature.
Splicing into circuits can cause electrical
problems that become very difficult to
troubleshoot.
Caution
Never splice into existing fuses in chassis power
distribution modules to source a battery voltage
requirement.
In dealerships today, it is not uncommon to hear
horror stories that result when a truck driver splices
into a hot wire to power up his CB radio.
Most OEMs provide non-dedicated terminals in their
power distribution module that can be used for
auxiliary electrical requirements such as CBs.
Use the OEM literature and wiring schematics when
connecting auxiliary electrical equipment.
Summary (1 of 4)
Multiplexing means the ability of electronic
components to exchange information by means of a
common data bus.
Multiplexing can eliminate miles of chassis harness
wiring and duplication of hardware devices such as
throttle position sensors by giving electronic
subsystems a common communication language,
and by using a data bus or information highway
which allows data signals to take the place of hard
wire in the electronic input and output circuits.
Summary (2 of 4)
The data bus acts as the information
highway in a multiplexed electronic truck
chassis.
A smart ladder switch contains a ladder
of resistors.
The processor that receives a signal from
the switch can interpret switch status data
by comparing ladder resistances with a
programmed library of resistance values
that identify the switch, its status, and
circuit integrity.
Summary (3 of 4)
The fields that usually make up a data frame on a
truck data bus transaction are start of frame field,
arbitration field, control field, data field, cyclic
redundancy check field, ack field, and end of frame
field.
Access to a truck data bus is obtained by using one
of two types of ATA connectors.
A 6-pin Deutsch connector is used to access the
J1587/ 1708 data bus and a 9-pin Deutsch connector
can be used to access either the J1939 data bus or
the J1587/1708 data bus.
Summary (4 of 4)
Current trucks equipped with a J1939 data
backbone are also fitted with a J1587/1708
bus.
When accessing a specific ECM/ECM on a
truck data bus with multiple electronic
systems, you must first select the correct
message identifier (MID) if using genericreader software (such as ProLink).