Mixing Problems For combinations of the same substance at different temperatures and phases (usually ice and water or water at different temperatures) Strategy: * Convert each “ingredient” to some common state and temperature... for instance, convert everything to liquid water at 0 deg C ‘© Use the absolute value (no negative values) of your AT so that all heat terms are positive © Ifamixture of ice and water, subtract heat needed from heat released to find heat available to determine your final temperature OR for a mixture of just water, add all the heats to find the heat available to determine your final temperature © Doan meAT calculation using that value (heat available) as “q”, and the combined mass as “1” to solve for your final temperature Numbers to know for water... Specific heat for ice 0.50 cal/g*deg C 2.06 Joules/g*deg C Heat of fusion for melting ice Specific heat for liquid water 80 cal/g 1.00 cal/gtdeg C 6.02 ki/mol 4,184)/ gtdeg C Heat of vaporization for boiling water Specific heat for steam 540 cal/g, 0.50 cal/g*deg C 40.7 k/mol 1.86 Jg*deg C Example: Mixing Ice and Water Question: What is the final temperature if 20 grams of ice at -5 deg C is mixed with 400 grams of water at 85 deg C? *#THIS EWAMPLE USES CALORTES ‘Thought Process: Bring both substances to the same state (phase). We will use freezing since the ice will gain energy and the liquid water will lose energy. We will then subtract the gain from the loss to obtain the total heat that will be available. Finally, we will use q= me,AT to determine the final temperature. (Use. calavi es, oleae fave Ve Liquid — 90°C (Freezing) 2 Ose Solid —> melting aie 4 7 mel ting, Vane a~ 00s) eel) 5) a ac AT > Coon esgall(s')- socal (5 Q: mbke = bonis0e3') = + 1b00te! pu,o09 piipec.col eee ; “est @ Sublvact “Weost goined. Grom Mead lost 34,000 - 1650 = |32350 calories \—> heat ava (continued on bac k) lable.Dsoe Por Linal +emp using = m Cp dT combined mass! 32,350 Colories= (40g (seat) (ST) ‘Example 2 — Mixing liquid water that are two different temperatures Question: 50 grams of water at 26 deg C is mixed with 25 grams of water at 90 deg C. What is the final temperature of the mixture? ‘Thought Process: Bring both to a common state (phase). In this case, we will bring them both to 0 deg C (freezing). Both will lose energy. We will then add the energy they both lost and that will become the energy ‘that will heat up the water from freezing so that we can find the final temperature by using q~ me,AT. aoc Wao { JOU Heo i era ° 26% — OC. 7 ot = a zm Co ST Le Et = (Gog i calorieVage) | (26 (40% 7 we a x i ) | en ssa ) CQ = 2260 = |200 eclories | heat lost: 3550 Calories : oie REDE PEER. To use the Gombined masses of whe Viquids im thre last caleularion © calories (availoble +o ae + oF 355 vonage fad) oo 2 of fale ee!) (AT) eae