DECANTATE

(B)
* + 1ml 5% thioacetamide
* heat in H2O bath (5 min)
2+

2+

2+

2+

3+

3+

3+

* + 1ml 15M NH3 & stir

* heat in H2O bath (5 min)

3+

Ni , Co , Zn , Mn , Cr , Co , Fe , Al

2+

2+

2+

2+

Na , K , NH4 , Mg , Ca , Ba , Sr

* centrifuge

PRECIPITATE
(Base-Insoluble Sulfides
and Hydroxides)

Al(OH)3

Cr(OH)3

Fe(OH)3

WHITE

GREEN

BROWN

CoS, NiS,
Co2S3

MnS, ZnS

BLACK

PEACH
WHITE

DECANTATE
(C)

* + 10 drops 1M HCl & stir

2+

2+

Ni , Co , Co

3+

2+

2+

* wash with 4 drops 1M HCl & centrifuge

PRECIPITATE

* put in casserole

DECANTATE

RESIDUE

* + 3 drops 12M HCl

* dissolve with 1ml water & put in test tube

* + 1 drop 16M HNO3

* Heat in water bath (5 min) & centrifuge

* + 4M NaOH until ppt

* 10 drops NAOH

DISCARD

* + 6 drops fresh 3% H2O2

PRECIPITATE
(oxidized S2-)

DECANTATE

2+

Mn , Fe

* boil
* dilute to 1ml & divide into 3

* + 1 drop DMG

* acidify with 1M HCl

* acidify with 6M HOAc

* let stand for 1 min

* + several crystals NH4CNS

* + several crystals KNO3

* + equal volume EtOH

* agitate

[Ni(NH3)4]2+ + 2C4H8N2O2 ->

Ni(dmg)2 + 2NH4 + 4NH3

Co

2+

3+

* heat in water bath (5 min) & centrifuge

* warm mixture

Co

* + 1ml 4M HNO3
* + 2 drops 1M
NaNO3
* stir & heat in
warm water bath

[Co(NH3)6]2+ + 4NH4CNS ->

[Co(SCN)4]2+ + 6NH3 + 4NH4

RED

3+

3+

* + 6M HOAc until acidic

* wash with 10
drops H2O * + 1
drop 4M NaOH

3+

PRECIPITATE
{K3Co(NO2)6}

COMPLEX
{[Co(SCN)4]2+}

2+

Zn , Cr , Al

DECANTATE
(Al(OH)4-, Zn(OH)42-, CrO42-)

PRECIPITATE
(Fe(OH)3, Mn(OH)2)

* + 6M NH3 until slightly basic to litmus

PRECIPITATE
(Ni(dmg)2)

3+

* + 1ml 4M HNO3 & evaporate to moist

DISCARD

2+

3+

DECANTATE
(Al(OH)3, Cr(OH)3, Fe(OH)3,
MnS, ZnS)

PRECIPITATE
(CoS, Co2S3, NiS)

Ni

3+

Zn , Mn , Cr , Fe , Al

* centrifuge immediately

* + 3 drops HOAc
2+

3+

Zn , Cr

DECANTATE
(Zn2+, CrO42-)

* + 6M NH3 until basic

* centrifuge

3+

Al

PRECIPITATE
(Al(OH)3)

* remove residue

YELLOW

* + 6M HOAc until gone

* heat to boiling,
cool, divide into 3

* + 2 drops aluminon
reagent

BLUE
DIVIDE INTO 2

* + 1M (NH4)2CO3 until
basic

2+

Zn
* + 10 drops 0.2M KSCN

COMPLEX
(Fe(SCN)2+)
3+

Fe + SCN -> Fe(SCN)

2+

* + 2 drops 0.2M
K4Fe(CN)6

* + small amount NaBiO3

* + 2 drops 4M HNO3

SOLUTION
(MnO4-)
+

BLUE

14 Mn(OH)2 + 6 H3O + 15 NaBiO3

+
-> 14 MnO4 + 5 Bi3 + 23 H2O + 15
Na+

* + 10 drops 1M HCl
* + 5 drops 0.1M
K4Fe(CN)6

2+

Mn

COMPLEX
{Zn[Fe (CN)6]2-}

3+
2+

3Zn

PURPLE

COMPLEX
{[Fe2(CN)6]-}
K+(aq) + Fe2+(aq) + [Fe(CN)6]3-(aq)
->KFe[Fe(CN)6](s)

Al(OH)3 +
aluminon dye

* + 6M HCl until
dissolves & heat &
neutralize with NH3

RED

Fe

RED LAKE
Al dye

* + 5 drops 5%
thioacetamide & heat
in hot H2O bath

(aq) +

3+

Cr

RED

* + 6M HOAc until
acid to litmus
* + 2 drops 0.1M
Pb(OAc)2

2[Fe(CN)6]4-(aq) ->

2K (aq) +
K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2(s)

PRECIPITATE
(PbCrO4 (s))
CrO42+ + Pb(OAc)2 ->
PbCrO4 + 2OAc-

GRAY/BLUISH GREEN

YELLOW