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Kinetics WS 3
Kinetics WS 3
Name:
Period:
AP Chemistry
Dr. Mandes
Date:
The following questions represent potential types of quiz questions. Please answer each question completely and
thoroughly. The solutions will be posted on-line on Monday.
5.
6.
a.
[P4], mol/L
[H2], mol/L
0.0110
0.0075
3.20 x 10-4
0.0110
0.0150
6.40 x 10-4
0.0220
0.0150
6.39 x 10-4
P4 __0___.
H2 __1___.
b.
rate = k[H2]
c. Determine the value and units of the rate constant, k. plug and chug using the rate law & data from expt 1 and
solving for k, we get k = 0.0427 s-1
Consider the reaction: SO2 + O3 SO3 + O2.
data that were obtained are shown in the table.
7.
a.
b.
[SO2], mol/L
[O3], mol/L
0.25
0.40
0.118
0.25
0.20
0.118
0.75
0.20
1.062
SO2
___2__.
O3
___0__.
rate = k[SO2]2[O3]0
c. Determine the value and units of the rate constant, k. plug and chug using the rate law & data from expt 1 and
solving for k, we get k = 2.36 mol.L-1. s-1
8.
A2 +
B2
A2 +
C
+
(slow)
(fast)
B2
a.
b.
c.
2C
Write the rate law for the overall reaction. rate = k [A2][B2]
O3
O3 +
O2 +
2 O2
(fast)
(slow)
3 O2
a.
b.
c.
What is the order with respect to each reactant? O3 2nd (once in rds, then once when sub for intermediate)
d.
Write the rate law for the overall reaction. rate = k [O3]2
10. Consider the reaction: 2B C + 3D. In one experiment it was found that at 300 K the rate constant is 0.134
L/(mol.s). A second experiment showed that at 450 K, the rate constant was 0.569 L/(mol .s). Determine the activation
energy for the reaction.
Ea
at 300 K:
k300
Ae RT
at 450 K:
k450
Ae RT
ln
k450
A
Ea
Ea
RT
ln(k450 ) ln( A)
Ea
RT
Ea
RT
so that
Ea
RT
ln(k450 ) [ln(k300 )
450
ln( kk300
)
Ea
R
1
( T300
1
T450
Ea
RT
MORE PROBLEMS>>>>
Determining rate law from mechanisms (use the rate-determining step to get the orders).
1.
One method for the destruction of ozone in the upper atmosphere is:
overall rxn
O3
NO
NO2 +
O2
(slow)
NO2
NO
O2
(fast)
O3
2O2
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
[ClO2]o, mol/L
2ClO2 + 2OH1-
[OH1-] o, mol/L
0.050
0.100
5.75 x 10-2
0.100
0.100
2.30 x 10-1
0.100
0. 050
1.15 x 10-1
c.
d.
3.
Consider the table of initial rate for the reaction between hemoglobin (Hb) and carbon monoxide.
Experiment
[HB]o, mol/L
[CO] o, mol/L
2.21
1.00
0.619
4.42
1.00
1.24
3.36
2.40
2.26
Part II
1.
b.
c.
d.
Select Response
If the reaction: 2HI
a.
c.
2.
rate = k[X]
rate = k[Y]
rate = k[Y][Z]
rate = k[X][Y]
e.
rate = k[Z]
Consider the rate law: rate = k[Y]m[Z]n. How are the exponents m and n determined?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
4.
2H2 + I2 HI is first order, which of the following will yield a linear plot?
log [HI] vs time
b. 1/[HI] vs time
e. [HI]2 vs time
[HI] vs time
d. ln[HI] vs time
3.
1 x 1018
1 x 1018
2.0 x 1018
8.0 x 1018
1 x 1018
2 x 1018
3 x 1018
18.0 x 1018
4.0 x 1018
6..0 x 1018
5.
a.
rate = k[NO][O2]
b.
rate = k[NO][O2]2
c.
rate = k[NO]2[O2]
d.
rate = k[NO]2
b.
d.
1/[HI] vs time
ln[HI] vs time
e.
[HI]2 vs time
7.
rate = k[NO]2[O2]2
If the reaction 2HI H2 + I2 is second order, which of the following will yield a linear plot?
a.
c.
6.
e.
The catalyzed reaction has a _____ activation energy and thus causes a _____ reaction rate.
a.
c.
higher, lower
lower, higher
b.
d.
higher, higher
lower, steady
e.
higher, steady
8.
b.
c.
Sketch a potential energy diagram for this reaction. Identify the activation energy for the overall forward
reaction. Identify the location of reactants, intermediate(s), activated complex(es), and products.
9.
b.
c.
How long will it take for the reaction to reach 95% completion.
The rate of the reaction NO2 + CO NO + CO2 depends only on the concentration of nitrogen dioxide.
The following data were collected.
time, (s)
[NO2]o, (M)
0
0.500
1.20 x 103
0.444
3.00 x 103
0.381
4.50 x 103
0.340
9.00 x 103
0.250
1.80 x 104
0.174
10.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Calculate the [NO2] at 2.40 x 104 s after the start of the reaction.
NO2 + CO
NO + CO2.
Time (s)
[NO2] (mol/L)
0.500
1200.
0.444
3000.
0.381
4500.
0.340
9000.
0.250
18000.
0.174
The following data were obtained for the decomposition of N 2O5 in CCl4.
The following data were collected.
Time (s)
[N2O5] (mol/L)
1.46
423
1.09
753
0.89
1116
0.72
1582
0.54
1986
0.43
2343
0.35
a.
NO2
b.
NO
c.
slow step
d.
e.
rate = k[O3]1
________________________________________________________________________________________________
rate2
rate1
0.230
0.0575
4
rate2
rate3
0.100m
0.0500m
0.230
0.115
0.100m
0.0500m
2m
2 = m, so order is 2
2n
1 = n, so order is 1
k = 230
L2
mol 2 s
get the value by subbing the data for expt 1 into the rate law and solving for k
________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.
rate2
rate1
1.24
0.619
2
k[ HB]2m [CO]2n
k[ HB]1m [CO]1n
4.42m
s
2.21m
rate3
rate1
2.26
0.619
2m
2.4
1 = m, so the order is 1
k[ HB]3m [CO]3n
k[ HB]1m [CO]1n
3.36
2.21
1
1
2.41
1.00
n
n
2.4 n
1 = n, so the order is 1
k = 0.28
L
mol s
get the value by subbing the data for expt 1 into the rate law and solving for k
________________________________________________________________________________________________
y-intercept =
r2 =
0.451
0.901
r2 = 0.901
r2 =
y-intercept = -0.770
n[A] = -kt +
0.971
n[A]o
r2 = 0.971
+ 2.01
r2 = 0.999 - best so
y-intercept = 2.01
1
[ A]o1
[ A]
[NO2]-1
= kt +
rate = k[NO2]2
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
5.
Graph for zeroeth order: [N2O5] vs. time [y vs. x; y = ax +b]
slope = -4.54 x 10-4
y-intercept =
1.31
r2 =
0.947
y-intercept = 0..353
n[A] = -kt +
r2 =
0.999
n[A]o
r2 = 0.999 - best so
y-intercept = 0.517
[ A]
= kt - +
n [N2O5]
r2 = 0.971s
[ A]o1
4)
rate = k[N2O5]1
Subbing 3.5 x 103 s for time in n[ N2O5] = (-6.05 x 10[N2O5] = 0.171 mol/L