INFLUENCE LINES FOR STATICALLY

INDETERMINATE BEAMS
!

Comparison Between Indeterminate and

Determinate
Influence line for Statically Indeterminate
Beams
Qualitative Influence Lines for Frames

Comparison between Indeterminate and Determinate

Indeterminate

1
A

Determinate

RA

1
A

RA

Indeterminate
D

Determinate

D
A

RA

VD

1
A

1 D

RA

VD

1
C

ME

ME
3

Influence Lines for Reaction

Redundant R1 applied

1
Compatibility equation:
f1 j + f11 R1 = 1 = 0

=
R1 = f1 j (

1 = f1j

1
R1 = (

fjj

f j1
f11

1
)
f11

f11
R1

1
fj1

Redundant R2 applied

1
Compatibility equation.
'2 + f 22 R2 = 2 = 0

f 2 j + f 22 R2 = 2 = 0

f2j

f22

R2 = f 2 j (

fjj

R2 = (

fj2

f j2
f 22

1
)
f 22

R2
5

Influence Lines for Shear

VE = (
1

1
) f j4
f 44

1
f44
fj4
1

Influence Lines for Bending Moment

ME = (
1

44

44

) f j4

fj4

Using Equilibrium Condition for Shear and Bending Moment

Influence line of Reaction
4

f 41
f11

f11
=1
f11

R1

R1 = (

f j1
f11

f j1

1
f 22
=1
f 22

f 42
f 22

f11
f j2
f 22

R2

R2 = (

f j2
f 22

f 33
=1
f 33

f 43
f 33

f j3
f 33

R3
1

R3 = (

f j3
f 33

)
8

 Influence line of Shear

Unit load to the left of

x

1
4

M4

R1
R1

R2

V4

+ Fy = 0; R1 1 V4 = 0

R3

V4 = R1 - 1
R1
1

Unit load to the right of

M4

V4 = R1

4 1
1
1

V4 = R1 - 1

R1
V4

V4

+ Fy = 0; R1 V4 = 0

V4 = R1

 Influence line of Bending moment

Unit load to the left of

x
1
4

R1

l1

R2

l2

l
R1

1
M4
V4

+ M4 = 0: M4 - 1 (l-x) - l R1 = 0

R3

M4 = - l + x + l R1
R1

Unit load to right of

1
1

M4 = - l + x + l R1
1
1
M4

l
R1

M4
V4

+ M4 = 0: M4 - l R1 = 0
M4 = l R1

M4 = lR1

10

Qualitative Influence Lines for Frames

I
1

Influence Line of VI

Maximum positive shear

Maximum negative shear

11

1
I

Influence Line of MI

Maximum positive moment

Maximum negative moment

12

Influence Line for MOF

D

MA

Ay

15 m

Dy

15 m

Gy

1.0
Gy
1.0
Dy
1.0
Ay

13

15 m

15 m

MA

1
MH

14

G
A

1.0
RA
1.0
RB

MB
1
1
MG

15

G
A

VG

VF

VH
16

Example 1
Draw the influence line for
- the vertical reaction at A and B
- shear at C
- bending moment at A and C
EI is constant . Plot numerical values every 2 m.

2m

2m

2m

17

 Influence line of RB
A

2m

2m

f AB
f BB

f CB
f BB

2m

f DB
f BB

f BB
=1
f BB

18

 Find fxB by conjugate beam

A

6 kNm

2m

2m

6
EI

18
EI

Real Beam

2m
x

72
EI Conjugate Beam

Vx

18
EI

x2
2 EI

x
EI

x3
72 18 x
+

= Mx
6 EI EI EI

x
3

2x
3

72
EI

18
EI

19

x
A

2m

2m

f xB

x3
72 18 x
= M 'x =
+

6 EI EI EI

fxB

fxB / fBB

Point

x (m)

72
EI

37.33
EI

0.518

10.67
EI

0.148

A
f BB 72
=
=1
f BB 72

2m

72/EI
0

10.67/EI

37.33/EI

fBB
1

fxB

37.33 /72 = 0.518

10.67 /72 = 0.148
0

1 Influence line of RB
20

Influence line of RA
A

2m

2m

1 kN
f AA
=1
f AA

f CA
f AA

2m

f DA
f AA

21

 Find fxA by conjugate beam

6 kNm

1 kN
A

2m

2m

Real Beam
1 kN

2m
x

M 'A =

72
EI

Conjugate Beam
B' y =
18
EI

6
EI

x
3

18 x x

= Mx
EI 6 EI

2x
3

Vx
x
EI

18
EI

x
x2
2 EI

B' y =

18
EI

22

x
A

2m

1 kN
fAA

72/EI

2m

61.33 /EI

f xA

2m

34.67 /EI

AA
AA

1 kN
=1

Point

x (m)

fxA

fxA / fAA

34.67
EI

0.482

61.33
EI

0.852

72
EI

1.0

fxA

72 /72 = 1.0
61.33 /72=0.852
f
f

18 x x 3
= M 'x =

EI 6 EI

34.67 /72 = 0.482

Influence line of RA

23

Alternate Method: Use equilibrium conditions for the influence line of RA

x
A

MA

1
C

B
+ Fy = 0;

RA

2m

2m

2m

RB

RA + RB 1 = 0
RB = 1 RA

RB
0.148

1
.518
RB
1

RA = 1- RB
1.0
1 kN

0.852
0.482
RA
24

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of VC

A

MA
RA

Unit load to the left of C

1
C

2m

2m

MC

2m

VC

RB

RB

+ Fy = 0;
+ RB + VC = 0

1
0.148

0.518
RB
1

VC = - RB
Unit load to the left of C
1

MC
0.852
1
-0.148

VC

0.482
VC

RB

+ Fy = 0;
+ VC 1 + RB = 0

VC = 1 - RB

25

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of MA

x

1
A

MA

B
+ M A = 0;

RA

2m

2m

2m

RB

M A 1(6 x) + 6 RB = 0
M A = 6 + x + 6 RB

1
0.148

0.518
RB
1

MA
-1.112
1

-0.892
26

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of MC

A

MA

Unit load to the left of C

1
C

MC
4m

VC
RA

2m

2m

2m

RB

M C = 0;

M C + 4 RB = 0

MC = 4RB

0.518

0.148

RB
1

Unit load to the left of C

x

0.592

RB

MC

VC
0.074
MC

4m

RB

+ M C = 0;
M C 1(4 x) + 4 RB = 0
MC = -4 + x + 4RB

27

Example 2
Draw the influence line and plot numerical values every 2 m for
- the vertical reaction at supports A, B and C
- Shear at G and E
- Bending moment at G and E
EI is constant.

2@2=4 m

4@2 = 8 m

28

Influence line of RA
A

2@2=4 m

4@2 = 8 m

f AA
=1
f AA

f DA
f AA

f EA
f AA

f FA
f AA

29

 Find fxA by conjugate beam

A

2m

Real beam

0.5

1.5
4m

6m

4 /EI
Conjugate beam
4/EI
0
10.67
EI

5.33
EI

4/EI

64/EI

0
18.67/EI

10.67
EI

f AA = M ' A =

64
EI

30

4/EI

x2

64/EI

x1
Conjugate beam

4m

18.67
EI

8m

5.33
EI

x1
4 EI

x1
2 EI

x1

x1
5.33 x1

=
12 EI
EI

M x1
V x1
2

64
EI

x2

x2
2 EI

x1
3

x2
EI

2 x2
3

x2 V x2
3

5.33
EI

M x2
18.67
EI

2 x1
3

x
64 18.67
= 2 +

6 EI EI
EI

31

x2
A

4m
64
EI

fAA

2m

f xA

6m

28
EI

Point

x (m)

fxA

fxA / fAA

10
EI

-0.1562

16
EI

-0.25

14
EI

-0.2188

fxA

f AA
=1
f AA

f xA

x1

5.33x
x3
= M ' x1 =

, for B to C
EI
12 EI
3
18.67 x2 64
x2
= M 'x 2 =

+
, for A to B
EI
EI
6 EI

14
EI

16
EI

10
EI

Influence line of RA
0.438
-0.219 -0.25 -0.156

10

28
EI

12

64
EI

0
0.4375
1

32

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of RB

1
A

x
B

RA

RB
4m

+ M C = 0;

8 RB + x 12 RA = 0
RB =

RC

2m

6m

1
0.438
-0.219 -0.25 -0.156

0.59

1.078 0.875

RA

0.485
RB

x 12
RA
8 8

Point

x (m)

RA

RB

-0.1562 0.485

-0.25

-0.2188 1.078

10

12

0
0.4375
1

0.875

1
0.5939
0
33

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of RC

1
A

RA

x
B

RB
4m

+ M B = 0;

4 RA 1( x 8) 8 RC = 0

RC

2m

6m

1
0.438
RA

-0.219 -0.25 -0.156

0.141 0.375
-0.0312

RC = 0.5 RA

0.672

RC
1

x
+1
8

Point

x (m)

RA

RC

-0.1562

0.6719

-0.25

0.375

-0.2188

0.1406

10

12

0
0.4375
1

0
-0.0312
0
34

 Check Fy = 0
1
A

x
B

RA

RB
4m

+ Fy = 0;
RA + RB + RC = 1

RC

2m

6m

1
0.438
RA

-0.219 -0.25 -0.156

1
1

0.59

1.08

0.875

0.49

RB

1
0.141 0.375
-0.0312

0.672
1

Point

RA

RB

RC

-0.1562 0.485

0.6719

-0.25

0.375

-0.2188 1.078

0.1406

B
G
A

RC

0.875

0.4375 0.5939 -0.0312

1

1
1
35

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of VG

1

Unit load to the left of G

x
A

1
MG

A
4m

2m

RA

6m

VG

+ Fy = 0; RA 1 VG = 0

1
VG = RA - 1

0.438
-0.219 -0.25 -0.156

RA
Unit load to the right of G

0.438
1
-0.562

MG

A
VG
-0.219 -0.25 -0.156

RA
VG = RA

VG

36

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of VE

1
A

Unit load to the left of E

x
F

ME
VE

4m

2m

RC

+ Fy = 0; RC + VE = 0

6m

VE = - RC
0.141 0.375

0.672
1

-0.0312

Unit load to the right of E

RC

ME
0.625
0.0312

1
-0.141

VE

0.328
VE

-0.375

RC

+ Fy = 0; VE 1 + RC = 0

VE = 1 - RC
37

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of MG

1

Unit load to the left of G

x
A

A
4m

2m

RA

6m

2m

MG
VG

M G = 0;

M G + 1(2 x) 2 RA = 0

MG = -2 + x + 2RA

0.438
-0.219 -0.25 -0.156

RA

Unit load to the right of G

A

0.876

RA

1
MG
-0.438 -0.5

-0.312

2m

MG
VG

M G = 0;
M G 2 RA = 0

MG = 2RA

38

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of ME

1
A

Unit load to the left of E

x
F

4m

ME
VE

4m

2m

0.141

6m

0.375

0.564

ME = 4RC

1
1.5

-0.125

+ ME = 0;

0.672

-0.0312

RC

RC

Unit load to the right of E

x
1
ME
VE

0.688

4m

RC

+ M E = 0;

ME

M E 1(4 x) + 4 RC = 0

ME = - 4 + x+ 4RC
39

Example 3
For the beam shown
(a) Draw quantitative influence lines for the reaction at supports A and B, and
bending moment at B.
(b) Determine all the reactions at supports, and also draw its quantitative shear,
bending moment diagrams, and qualitative deflected curve for
- Only 10 kN downward at 6 m from A
- Both 10 kN downward at 6 m from A and 20 kN downward at 4 m
from A
20 kN

10 kN

2EI

3EI
B

A
4m

2m

2m

40

Influence line of RA
3EI

2EI

A
C

4m

fAA

fDA

2m

2m

fCA

fEA

fCA /fAA

fEA /f

fAA /fAA

fDA /f

AA

AA

41

 Find fxA by conjugate beam

8 kNm

3EI

2EI

A
1

4m

1
V (kN)

1 kN

2m

2m

Real Beam

1
+

x (m)

4
+

M
(kNm)

2EI

1.33EI

x (m)

2.67
EI

60.44/EI
12/EI

fAA = MA = 60.44/EI

Conjugate Beam 42

 Quantitative influence line of RA

2EI

2.67
EI

1.33EI

60.44/EI
A

12/EI

60.44/EI

37.11/EI

0.614

17.77/EI

0.294

Conjugate Beam

4.88/EI

0.081

fxA

RA = fxA/fAA

43

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of RB and MB

x

A
RA
1

4m

0.614

0.386

2m

0.294

0.706

2m

0.081

MB

RB

0.919

RA

1
RB = 1 - RA

0
-1.088

-1.648

-1.352

MB = 8RA - (8-x)(1)
44

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of VB

x

A
RA
1

4m

0.614

0.294

VB = RA - 1

2m

2m

0.081

RA

VB = RA -1
-0.386

-0.706

-0.919

-1

45

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of VC and MC

x

A
RA
1

4m

2m

0.614

0.294

2m

MB

RB

0.081

0.081

RA

VC = RA - 1 VC = RA
1
-0.386
MC = 4RA - (4-x)(1)
0.456

0.294

VC

-0.706
MC = 4RA
1.176
0.324

MC

46

The quantitative shear and bending moment diagram and qualitative deflected curve
10 kN
MB= 13.53 kNm
B
A
4m

10(0.081)=0.81 kN

V (kN)

0.81

0.614

2m

0.294

2m

RB=9.19 kN

0.081

RA

0.81
-9.19

MA (kNm)

4.86
-13.53

47

The quantitative shear and bending moment diagram and qualitative deflected curve
10 kN
20 kN
MB=46.48 kNm
B
A
4m

20(.294) +1(0.081)
= 6.69 kN
1

V (kN)

6.69

0.614

2m

0.294

2m

RB=23.31 kN

0.081

RA

6.69
-13.31

MA (kNm)

26.76
+

-23.31

-23.31

0.14
-46.48

48

APPENDIX
Muller-Breslau for the influence line of reaction, shear and moment
Influence lines for MDOF beams
Example 1
Draw the influence line for
- the vertical reaction at B

2m

2m

2m

49

Influence line of RA
A

2m

2m

1 kN
f AA
=1
f AA

f CA
f AA

2m

f DA
f AA

50

 Find fxA by conjugate beam

6 kNm

1 kN
A

2m

2m

Real Beam
1 kN

2m
x

M 'A =

72
EI

Conjugate Beam
B' y =

6 /EI

18
EI

x
3

18 x x

= Mx
EI 6 EI

2x
3

Vx
x
EI

18
EI

x
x2
2 EI

B' y =

18
EI

51

x
A

2m

1 kN
fAA

72/EI

2m

61.33 /EI

f xA

2m

34.67 /EI

Point

x (m)

fxA

fxA / fAA

34.67
EI

0.482

61.33
EI

0.852

72
EI

1.0

fxA
C
72/72 = 1.0
61.33 /72=0.852

1 kN
f AA
=1
f AA

18 x x 3
= M 'x =

EI 6 EI

34.67 /72 = 0.482

Influence line of RA

52

 Influence line of RB
A

2m

2m

f AB
f BB

f CB
f BB

2m

f DB
f BB

f BB
=1
f BB

53

 Find fxB by conjugate beam

A

6 kNm

2m

2m

6
EI

B
1

2m

18
EI

Real Beam

x
72
EI
18
EI

x2
2 EI

x
EI

Conjugate Beam

x
72
EI

x3
72 18 x
+

= Mx
6 EI EI EI

Vx

x
3

2x
3

18
EI
54

x
A

2m

2m

f xB

2m

x3
72 18 x
= M 'x =
+

6 EI EI EI

Point

x (m)

fxB

fxB / fBB

72
EI

37.33
EI

0.518

10.67
EI

0.148

72/EI
0

10.67/EI

37.33/EI

fBB
1

37.33 /72 = 0.518

10.67 /72 = 0.148
0

fxB

72 /72 = 1
fBB
=1
fBB

1 Influence line of RB
55

Example 2
For the beam shown
(a) Draw the influence line for the shear at D for the beam
(b) Draw the influence line for the bending moment at D for the beam
EI is constant.Plot numerical values every 2 m.

D
2m

B
2m

E
2m

C
2m

56

The influence line for the shear at D

1 kN
A

D
1 kN
2m

2m
f DD
=1
f DD

2m

2m

1 kN
D
1 kN

f ED
f DD

VD

57

 Using conjugate beam for find fxD

1 kN
A

2m

1 kN

2m

2m

2m

2 kNm
1 kN

1 kN
1 kN

2 kNm
2k

1 kN

2 kN

1 kN

1 kN

58

1 kN
A

1 kN
2m

2kN
1 kN

V( kN)

2m

2m

Real beam
1 kN

2m

1
x (m)
-1
4

M
(kN m)

x (m)
4/EI
Conjugate beam
MD

59

 Determine MD at D
4/EI
A

MD D

B
2m

2m

E
2m

Conjugate beam

2m

8/EI
8
m
3

4/EI
0

8/EI
8
m
3

128/3EI
40
3EI

16
3EI

8
3EI

4/EI
16
3EI
60

4/EI
A
D
128/3EI

40
3EI

B
2m

2m

E
2m

2m

Conjugate beam

8
3EI

2/EI
2/EI
MDL
40
3EI

2
3

=(

2 2
40
76
)( ) (
)(2) =
EI 3
3EI
3EI

VDL

2/EI
128/3EI
40
3EI

2
3

MDR = (

2 2 128
40
52
)( ) +
(
)(2) =
EI 3 3EI 3EI
3EI

VDR

2/EI

4
2 2
8
= ( )( ) (
)(2) = ME
EI
EI 3
3EI

2/EI

2
VE
3

8
3EI 61

4/EI
A
40
3EI

D
128/3EI

B
2m

2m

E
2m

40
3EI

34
3EI
52
3EI

128/3EI = MD = fDD

16
3EI

fxD = M

0.406 =

2m

2
3EI

52
128

76
3EI

Conjugate beam

8
3EI
8
3EI
x (m)

x (m)

4
EI

Influence line of VD = fxD/fDD

76 /128 = -0.594

4 /(128/3) = -0.094

62

The influence line for the bending moment at D

DD
A

1 kN m

1 kN m
2m

2m

2m

2m

f DD

DD

f ED

MD

DD

63

 Using conjugate beam for find fxD

1 kN m
2m

1 kN m
2m

2m

2m

1 kNm
0.5 kN

0.5 kN
0.5 kN

1 kNm
1k

0.5 kN

1 kN

0.5 kN

0.5 kN

64

1 kN m 1 kN m
A
D
B
0.5 kN
2m
V (kN)

2m

1 kN
2m

Real beam
0.5 kN

2m

0.5
x (m)
1
2

M
(kN m)

x (m)
2/EI
Conjugate beam
65

2/EI
Conjugate beam

2m

2m

2m

2m

4/EI
8
m
3

2/EI
0

4/EI
8
m
3

4
3EI

8
3EI

4
3EI

2/EI

32
3EI

8
3EI
66

2/EI
Conjugate beam
4
EI

4
3EI

32
3EI

2m

2m
1/EI

2m

1/EI
MD = (

4
EI

2m

1 2
4
26
)( ) + ( )(2) =
EI 3
EI
3EI

2 VD
3

1/EI

2
1 2
4
= ( )( ) (
)(2) = ME
EI
EI 3
3EI

VE

1/EI

2
3

4
3 EI
67

2/EI
Conjugate beam
4
EI
2m

4
3EI

32
3EI
2m

2m

2m

5
1
EI
DD = 32/3EI 3EI

4
EI
V
17

3EI

4
3EI
x (m)

8
3EI

26/3EI
fxD = M

x (m)
26
= 0.813
32

f xD

xD

-2/EI
DL = 5/(32/3) = 0.469 rad.
DR = -17/32 = -0.531 rad.

D = 0.469 + 0.531 = 1 rad

Influence line of MD
68
-2 /(32/3) = -0.188

Example 3
Draw the influence line for the reactions at supports for the beam shown in the
figure below. EI is constant.

A
5m

C
5m

D
5m

E
5m

F
5m

G
5m

69

Influence line for RD

A
5m

C
5m

fBD

D
5m

fCD

5m

5m

fDD

fED

G
5m

fFD

fXD

f BD
f DD

f CD
f DD

f DD
= 1 f ED
f DD
f DD

f FD
f DD

fXD/fDD = Influence
line for RD

70

 Use the consistency deformation method

A

G
3@5 =15 m

3@5 =15 m

1
G

G + fGGRG = 0

15

15
EI

------(1)

x RG

- Use conjugate beam for find G and fGG

30
Real beam
Real beam
G
A

A
1

fGG

15 m

112.5
EI

30 m

15 m

2812.5
'C = M 'C =
EI

Conjugate beam
15 + (2/3)(15)

15
EI

450
EI

1
f 'GG = M ' 'G =

Conjugate beam

112.5/EI

20 m

9000
EI

450 71
EI

Substitute G and fGG in (1) :

2812.5 9000
+
RG = 0
EI
EI
RG = 0.3125 kN ,

5.625
A

G
1

0.3125

0.6875

15
1

1
30

x RG = -0.3125 kN

1
72

 Use the conjugate beam for find fXD

fCD
5.625
fBD
A
3@5 =15 m

fDD

fED

fFD

Real beam

3@5 =15 m

23.01
1
0.3125
EI
5.625
x2
6.818 m
EI
G Conjugate beam
A
8.182 m
28.13
4.688 35.16
2
x1
0.6875 x1
EI
15
.
98
EI
EI
2 EI 5.625 x1 0.6875 x12
x2
EI
EI
V2
5.625
(5.625-0.6875x1)/EI
M2
G
EI
2
2
A
x

x
x
5
.
625
0
.
6875
x
x2
0
.
3125
1
1
1
2
M
0.3125x2
=
(
)

(
)
1
28.13
x1
EI
2
2
3
2
2
V1
EI
0
.
3125
x
2
.6875 x1 2 x1
28
.
13
+
( )
+
x2 = M ' x 2
2 EI
2 EI
3
EI

0.6875

x1 = 5 m -----> fBD = M1= 56/EI

x2 = 5 m -----> fFD = M2= 134.1/EI

x1 = 10 m -----> fCD = M1= 166.7/EI

x2 = 10 m -----> fED = M2= 229.1/EI

x1 = 15 m -----> fDD = M1= 246.1/EI

x2 = 15 m -----> fDD = M2= 246.1/EI

73

 Influence Line for RD

56
EI

166.7
EI

246.1
229.2
134.1
EI
EI
EI

fXD

1
246.1
166.7
229.2 134.1
56
246.1
246.1
246.1 246.1
246.1

fXD/fDD

0.228 0.677

1.0 0.931
0.545

Influence Line for RD

74

Influence line for RG

A
5m

C
5m

D
5m

E
5m

F
5m

fEG
fBG

5m

fFG

f CG
f GG

fGG
fXG

fCG

1
f EG
f GG

f BG
f GG

f FG
f GG

f GG
=1
f GG

fXG/fGG
1

75

 Use consistency deformations

fXG
1

3@5 =15 m

3@5 =15 m

fDD

X RD

30

D + fDDRD = 0

- Use conjugate beam for find D and fDD

15
Real beam
Real beam
G
A
30 m

1
30
EI

------(2)

450
EI

9000
EI

Conjugate beam
20 m

15
EI

15 m

G
15 m

112.5
EI
Conjugate beam

450/EI

15 + (2/3)(15)

76

112.5
EI

1.5
EI

15 m

'D = M ' =

9000
EI

15
EI

112.5
EI
M

450/EI

112.5 15 9000 450

2812.5
( )+

(15) =
EI 3
EI
EI
EI

f DD = M ' ' =

112.5 2
1125
( 15) =
EI 3
EI

2812.5 1125
+
RD = 0, RD = 2.5kN = 2.5kN ,
Substitute D and fDD in (2) :
EI
EI
7.5

1.5

30

2.5

15

x RD = -2.5 kN

77

 Use the conjugate beam for find fXG

7.5
fBG

fCG

1.5 3@5 =15 m

Real beam

2.5

15
EI

112.5
EI

fGG = MG = 1968.56/EI
G

A
7.5
EI
18.75
EI

10 m
15 + (10/3) = 18.33 m

Conjugate beam

168.75/EI

25 + (2/3)(5) = 28.33 m

18.75 2
62.5
( 5) =
EI 3
EI
18.75
EI
6.67 m

M1 = f BG =

A
7.5
EI 18.75
EI

3@5 =15 m

75
EI

5m

fGG

fFG

fEG

V1

A
7.5
EI

M2 = f CG =

18.75
EI

V2

18.75
125.06
(6.67) =
EI
EI
78

x2
2
x

x3 x3 1968.56 168.75
( )+
x3 =M

2 3
EI
EI

V2

fGG = MG = 1968.56/EI
G

168.75/EI

x = 5 m -----> fFG = M= 1145.64/EI

x = 10 m -----> fEG = M = 447.73/EI
1968.56
1145
.
64
447.73
EI
EI
EI
fXG
62.5 125
1
EI
EI
1145.64 1968.56
447.73
1968.56 1968.56
1968.56
fXG/fGG
125
62.5
1
1968.56 1968.56
1.0
0.582
0.227
Influence line for RG
79
-0.032 -0.064

Using equilibrium condition for the influence line for Ay

1
x
A

MA

5m

C
5m

D
5m

Ay

5m
RD

F
5m

G
5m
RG

+ Fy = 0 : RA = 1 RD RC

1
Unit load
0.228 0.678

1.0 0.929
0.542
Influence Line for RD
0.227 0.582

-0.032 -0.064
1.0

0.804 0.386
-0.156 -0.124

1.0
Influence line for RG

Influence line for Ay 80

Using equilibrium condition for the influence line for MA

1
x
A

MA

5m

C
5m

D
5m

Ay

5m
RD

F
5m

G
5m
RG

+ M A = 0 : 1x 15RD 30 RC

10

15

20

25

30
1x

0.228 0.678

1.0 0.929
0.542
0.227 0.582

-0.032 -0.064
2.54
1.75

RD

x 15

RG

x 30

1.0

Influence line for MA

-0.745 -0.59

81