CHAPTER 2: GEOMETRIC CONSTRUCTION LINES

Objectives:
Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to:
Draw parallel and tangent lines.
Bisect a straight line.
Divide a line into a given number of equal parts.
Draw arcs tangent to two lines at right angles to each other.
1. Construct a line through point P and perpendicular to line AB
1. Given line AB and point P above the line, set
the compass to a radius to intersect with the line
AB.
2. Using point intersections at A and B, set the
compass to a radius to draw an intersecting arc
below line AB.
3. Draw a line from point P to the intersecting arc.

2. Construct a line through point P and perpendicular to line AB

1. Given line AB and point P below the line, set the
compass to a radius to intersect with the line AB.
2. Using point intersections at A and B, set the
compass to a radius to draw an intersecting arc
below line AB.
3. Draw a line from point P to the intersecting arc.

3. Construct a line through point P and perpendicular to line AB.

1. Given line AB and point P on the same line.
Using P as a center set the compass to a
radius, R1 to intercept with the line AB.
2. Swing larger but equal arcs, R2 from each
intercept points to cross each other.
3. Draw a perpendicular line from point P to
the intercepting arc.

4. Construct a parallel line to line AB whereby the distance is 50 mm.

1. Given line AB, set the compass to a radius to intersect

with the line AB.
2. Using point intersection at A and B, set the compass to
a bigger radius to draw intersecting arc above line AB.
3. Draw a straight line through the intersecting arc, set
the compass to a radius of 50mm or to the required
distance to the parallel line.
4. Place the point of the compass at an intersecting point
of the straight line with line AB, and swing a light arc.
5. Draw the parallel line at the tangent point of the arc.

5. Bisect line AB into two equal parts.

1. Given line AB, set the compass to a radius to a radius

greater than AB.
2. Using centers at A and B, draw intersecting arcs above
and below line AB. A line drawn through the
interceptions will bisect AB (divide it into two equal
parts) and will be perpendicular to line AB.

6. Divide a line into a given number of equal parts

1. Given line PQ and the number of equal
divisions desired i.e., 3, 3:2, 2:3:4
2. Draw a line with a certain angle and then set
the compass to a radius to intercept the line.
Repeat the above step for a given number.
3. Project a line from the intercepting arc to
the original given line PQ, maintaining
constant angle.