XII.

Method of bisecting practice of angles

Do all this by following the given procedures.

1. Bisect a given straight line (Fig 1).

Procedure
 Draw a line AB of 70 mm long.
 With A and B as centres, more than half of AB as radius describe arcs on either side of the line AB.
 Let the arcs intersect at C & D.
 Join CD, bisecting the line AB at 0.
 CD is the bisector of the line AB and AO = OB.

2. Draw a perpendicular to a given straight line, from a given point in it (Fig 2).
Procedure
 `C' is the point on the line AB.
 `C' as centre draw arcs on the line AB at 1 & 2.
 1 and 2 are centres draw arcs. The arcs intersect at D.
 Join DC.
 CD is the perpendicular line from the point `C'.

3. Draw a perpendicular to a given straight line when the point is at the end of the line (Fig 3)
Procedure
 Draw a line AB (say 75 mm).
 `A' as centre to a convenient radius draw an arc to meet AB at E.
 `E' as centre AE as radius draw an arc to cut the previous arc at `C'.
 `C' as centre and with the same radius draw another arc to cut at `D'.
 Bisect the arc DC at O.
 Join OA and AO is perpendicular to the line AB from the point `A'.
4. Draw a line parallel to a given line at a given distance (Fig 4).
Procedure
 Draw a line AB to a convenient length (say 60 mm).
 Draw a line CD (40 mm) is the given distance.
 Mark points 1 & 2 near A & B respectively.
 With 1 & 2 as centres CD as radius draw arcs.
 At 1 & 2 errect perpendiculars by using setsquares, meeting at E & F respectively.
 Join the points E & F.
 EF is parallel to AB at the given distance of CD.

5. Divide a line into any number of equal parts (Fig5).

Procedure
 Draw a line AB to a convenient length (say 65 mm).
 At `A' draw a line AC to a required length, forming an angle BAC. (Always it is better to form an acute
angle)
 Set off 5 equal arcs on the line AC meeting at 1,2,3,4 & 5. (As many equal parts as required)
 Join 5 & B.
 From the points 4,3,2 & 1 draw lines parallel to 5-B meeting the line AB at 4', 3', 2' & 1'.
 Now the line AB is divided into 5 equal parts.

6. Trisect a given right angle (Fig 6).

Procedure
 Draw a right angle ABC.
 With `B' as centre to convenient radius, draw an arc meeting the line BC and BA at 1 & 2
respectively.
 With 1 & 2 as centres, B-1 as radius draw arcs to cut the previous arc at D & E respectively.
 Join BE & BD.
  Now angle ABD = angle DBE = angle EBC

7. Bisect a given angle (Fig 7).

Procedure
 Construct an angle BAC (say 30°).
 `A' as centre to a convenient radius draw an arc to cut line AC at `E' and AB at `D'.
 Bisect the arc DE at `O'.
 Join AO.
 AO is the bisector of the angle BAC.
 Now angle OAB = angle OAC.

8. Construct an angle equal to 75° (Fig 8).

Procedure
 Draw a line BC (60 mm long).
 At `B' erect a perpendicular GB and now angle GBC is a right angle.
 Trisect the angle FBC at D & E.
 Bisect the angle FBD at `A'.
 Now angle ABC = 75°.

9. Construct an angle equal to 22 ½° (Fig 9).

 Draw a line BC to a convenient length.
 At `B' erect a perpendicular BD and angle DBC is right angle.
 Bisect the angle DBC at `E'.
Angle DBE = angle EBC = 45°
 Bisect angle EBC at `A'.
 Now angle ABC = 22 ½°.