Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Metrology Solved Examples
Metrology Solved Examples
f,
<
Complete interchangeability in the
ection and materials hqdling by usi
ded according according tb
method is especially useful
Its in complctte prottxtion
!
!
,i
i
f a axeztain-tqrgeafpiston
skirt each be O M mm.
0.04)ildm
1,1 .
3;".
'
P*
. ..
k g by selective
bsrltsmdomxraeethat
I, of t
b d e r of 2.5 thou
more--I
slnd'gradd W
s. Only the inside and
ens. An incidental h n t a g e of this
suitable for various purposes b
different gnorrfrs. W+at means, three desirable classes are dri
bewing, a snug b@ lfilee bearing, a d a preloeded &in@ for
lspidb.
9.7. WLVED EXAMPLES
:
G.mpb 1. ~ j n dthe values of allowance, hole tolerancd and s w t tolerance fw t&
bollwing .&hhm.yjoni qf mated parts according,do basic h ~ i qvNe~.
e
4P,,r'
H Q :~47.5Q mm
37.52 mm
Shaft
, : 37.47 mm
37.45' mm
',i
C0
I
tnr
. ,
'.I
I
j
. .
m?Writ
bM
'
Allowance.= ,Max,@-
Example 2. A 75 mm,&@, r
is 0.075 rrun and the required ailowan
the bear&$ bore with the basic,b&.
Solution. Refer to Fig. 9.15
It is clear with the' kit'
~ ri;;*: =
'
"
B%w
"
&a
w.m
+$&!
TD.T{
<,
&ad;,
ls;.2&8 inm
= 732& '+ 0.225
: b ~ f ~
-e?-.
~xupl..&&&@$&-n'-ert?~i~&an
=gy&&~.&
~ i &
High l h i t of
sm xu -3s
thai-;
wwdik
?+I
@H+
, a l ,
(ikik)
&v7
-
is mfIT3w%,&ndamentaldeviation
Determine :(a) ~ a s i =
s&e (b) sh@ and h d e to era&& (3 the shajl and hole limits (4the
..[. c y : , ! I @ $ : > $ , , -:
maximum and minimum clearance. "
.
-,-I , *!L.
Solution.
. 4 l - l ' ~ - ~ T l
,,
~kic'siz=
e 30 mmr
(a)
(b)
SWtolerance = 0.018 1'0.0b~jGb.013 mm .
m
.~l-,ij If. i:!: r',: t ,
Hole 'tolerand 0.020 km
.'.acir $\im* J x & rtk '.1
,L
r ! ~ " * * .-4
~ i g hr i i t of s h d = 30 - o,@$-,',,. 7 , :
.
-,>sf$,,'>
$.
,I:,?
.7
,;.a,8
:kt
-$<$
#'I
<
% i t ~ \ ,
i t !
3 \-
t,.
= 29.995 m%?::r:c
Low limit of shaft:, 30 - 0.018
.It
29.982 ,mtq ,
.'
:,,
*,!,*.
! ' 7
High
- limiti'bfhole ='30 + 0.620
5(,@20~,iitm
Low limit of hole = 30 mm
Maximum clearance = ~ i jimit
~ .di.
h h& - low limit
~ i n ' i m cl&
s
.,
~maul*
.,
.:,{*I
df shad
<
,I .
Examp@ & A hble k d shaft &e a basic site of 25 mm, a)td are to have a clearance $it
with maximum lolearanee of.O.02 mn a d a mi~limumclearance of 0.01 mm. The hole tolerance
is to be 1.5 timdp the sk@ &lev=+.
&itermine :limitsfor both hole and shafi (a) using a hole
bast3 system (6) using a shaji bash wgtp- .
Solution. ~ e f a tog Fig. 9.18.
. k l :' 7 ::,2 nc.r.;~s$mrCt
I
Fig. J.P8
.,
1'.
..
(d) wok basis system. The lower deviation is z;ero, 71.9 2t;i I!! r r ~ ~ dy i f l i t *
.? %($Ziti? >f
> Low limit of hole 25 mm (Basic size) v, $$?[\ "\r
3
% 7 * Ju !+fin i b A - 8 . k (,I.High limit of hole = 25 + tolerance
ZWD --.
= 25.006 mm
m a , , , Qt I%'\?,
Upper (High) limit of shaft = low limit of hole - minimum clearance
t
~t
:I.
wmi
-": ,
(b)
,..~.GI\
.x's
*:
A3
(.
>.
mz&~a
-
F.D.~~w
h& G,;; + 2.5
microns (T 9.2)
= 25 (98)OJ4= 0,012 nyn (rqtionalized)
fliV r-:
+. 5 3 .
&it3 :-l>%a~'$- : US^ ,US>Q
Id ~DO". mai m m (7~ 9.2) ,,fib
.un,w&ihl,fir shahm \Q.a"fg Y
~ ,RUIR?U ~T
~ '=15,
L) h . U i > $7i :-yli.~
?)SD 9 h A lffUQ w\s\im'A . tmm-aq 1 (gsp11,m i c t o ~ w \'
t. '
Now
>!
:XI\\
m.2:
+ F.D.
100 + 0.012 mm = 100.012 mm
81,. C C
,
.
M.L. .of Hole = L.L. + Tolerance
' f 4 \i/m
= 10&012 + 0.035 = 100.047 m
&wic-#ze
(ii) Shaft
- O,Q,72
94928 mm
i
H.L. - Tohw;slaFe
I
= 100
,, ,. ,
.;I
1..
.
,.:
Example 8. A 100 mm diameter journal and bearing assembly has 3 clea~.mcefir,with the
iQiqwing
- specifcatiotp
,
;, ,!, ,
,
, , +'
I
-,.; , , . I * I
Tolerance on bewin$ = 4005 a m
, ,,
t
Sobtion.
( a ) Hole-Basis System : Refer
:.
*.
,t
pig. 9.13,
'&"
"@
-f
100
+ b.005 = 100.005 mm
33n814f~~J I P - ~ : ~:qqU
43i11;.t410r
-
(h) Shgt$+@kJ
-7
.= 99,k)98-0.004;', ?L gqiI X
,,~mid.@@
- = 99.W1m
Fig- 9.13
Upper limjt sf.hucnal = Basic Size = 100 mm
Lower limti&<!purna1. = Uppcr
, . limit - T~krance
! lw+G
rSI#s@,fiver
.w
awn 2IQ.W
..: :,.
= l~-p.oo4
'
:1
r ~ i ~&Z~ t &kwer
a
limit of Bearing i.A
'
.jti1)4
nl.
:q?j
limit,
- - I
ii
:.
.
.
' ::,
Now it is clear that,
Maximum interference - Minimum interference = Up-r limit of shaft - Lower limit of
hole - (Lower limit of shaft - Uppet limit of bole3 3 m,
= (Upper limit of $haft Lower limit of shaft)
+ (Upper limit of hale - Lower limit of hole
,,t~,d71, \, ' ,, :\-.,\I
traitk\ b\r?f.rt
Tolerance on shaft + Tofirance on hole "{'
"' "
,. =,,..
, ,.. . ... ,, ... / \ I $ 'J1112 :
= 2T
.;*1:$2ff$*l=,>-.
t,
L~
c 7
""'"'
:.
,..
NQCY
B d ~ c i z e=.10Ornia;rnr! .:
Upper [limit - Tolerance
100 - 0.035 = 99.965 mm
Lower limit of hole
Upper limit of
lhxinilrrm ~
"
'
awl I'w; = 100 - 0.12 = w:$8 hutr. : Iyq'J
..- .,
:. Upper liniit of hole = Lo& limit'%&kbhke i ' l s t i r / . ~
*
= &.838'+ 0.035 = 99.915 mm.
, a k ,j:je *'?
Example 10. For a number of mterchangeable mathgpms (holes andshqfii), the average
allowance is 0.04 ~ l w nand t k allowance must nd exceed 0.012 mmthe merage value.
lRe bark*she 168.rrmr.l @ i e ~ &o#;hdc + $ ' ~ - t b b & d~ l f A shap.
s
Lktermine the sizes
of holes and Skofts using Hole h i s - ~ 4 e m
and Unilateral system of tolerances.
Solution. Refer to Fig. 9.2 L.OO.mt :
Maximum ahitmce --Mhu'mtarn allomot * ' l b h w c on shaft + Tolerance on hole
u'-
C'
.n't'i>w.
,t
e.
,'
,.
' .'.S.;r
a
I .
tr..,
f
Now
?'amce
&f\
=t
.
t
n
'
'.',?
3u.b
v.,
7"..p
5 . ~.i$
,*.v.yi . Q,.;.-!T
;f\\\.\i:-l?,,;;
~hfSns.r.3
3,,\\
i~+.tl,~\.,
'c,~,,:;
.,;!n,:..,5;~ ,\c.,\;.
C
:'
..,
'
mrw,mJ~'~
&MU
nil
GG
w ~ S I E O ~ J R * x: kq A
99.972 0.008
lil srij ':c
IWb3 &
.,a&!$ Zl Jfltr8 99.964 mmi
Wi fl R* slslfi~01 p i fk;c;i b9ntrfi r+ .(fS
msr
.nmrsll m
b #KT .ntm (. . ., ,
wtt Lm riod &'*L enoivrvmib
'
f{
1$3 -, $-~~IP~QPLEMS
s l.nnosarrR
m r. bhr
1. Define "Interchangeability" and dimmsiirs IiapbFtancdQ?2. Define tolerance.
.&I
,at ? ~ [ ! F I J3ris
I L.T~ ; J J ~ . , L ~ ~ I i t , 1
l1~f3g
9% ibl if'~nwxsibleaobtain .c#v exmd-.~w~
~ l a ~ OoJl t t .c.:.q r d C i nA .IS
Ea.
i s q m r b ) . the w % 3 . wl&'&
edt&cs
bf fit.& 10 ~ f l " t & ~ t o ~ ! l :
' .
, .r.
tbicl
.-.
.-.....vst:
b~a~~mtnd
5. Define : aflowandi, clearanck
htederenci: '-;"'
- f # , !; 17,
a,# ?,q. 6.' What is zero line?
7. Define : upper i&vh&t,%.&%~r
&&e~#sv31i;f;r;!!4~
1 t m : t "!fl
8. kxpran
&jj'&;ibitoI*
'
; B i k ~ f i i ' 3 U .ST
qql 3mmm 3
m 2-/;3 .LT
9. What is meant by
H&,d&~*pl'&&q4'.~L
10. Explain and compare "Hole basis sy&~'sda'4biKdas
( ' # t r d ~ * ~ g & % ~ ~ ~ ~ ~. llker&.dto
~ . p i ~have
imum toral c-.l
FS #iWW$k ~W?&hi(tgtlili?Iautince &a69 Irihrm. Wermine
the spccificaticrns of the parts k)i@ @Q&
i@..ryld (&).for S r a t i W average
inmcbngesBil#y.
: 611
ti , > L a$;>
12. How will you write the Rt :
.&4rq&$\*
basic size
is 40 rHm?
& * d - . m
*I* m amiwii+ arl f 04
i*
ule &sieuria
0 mm H - h ~ & t h et o l k c ; grade I
R
ULO+
ti#
( ant f.O_ 0
: 1 s l 3 1 ~ 1 ~ lthdr
b ) 4 ilf
=
ah
_ I
!I
&
uun~ad
iti%iIk-
IS
&
'qg
P;&!F&,.&
t&ga'&
., *',
-: Msiy
t@$qns&
(b :&A
9:
-7%
*@1&!4$
e@jp
thq .liWofdze for hole
tJ.wl D
?-
7.1
$&A,,
ti1 s ~ u w @ 3
qy
r v &;&--;1w
,a b and f ~ ; ~ n i b e ~'~uaIi&
e to h c e
g d i ~ 25i
r
$
.+.
.,, , .itqa-l
baabubiresulting ih'a Ha6 h ~ . l e
&?
I
tolerances and hence the limits of size for tht h b 'kt& he g& h e . S@$@ttf;t type of fit.
8fWj.&is 0.mm.
The diamcter steps are 80 mm and 100 mm. 'Ihc
16. Calculate the fbndamental deviations and tdgwn6~1~
tlW:
,$Qr shaft and
hole p i r - + & n a t t as 60 mm HimC The tol-ce
unit*is g j ~ p l
#am
:I,
i = 0.45
+ 0.00i D mi
.scsn&~ 3!{~
The diameter steps are 59 m,@ BB mw!
Tka:
@I ldg~x@&m, for. m shaft is
= + (IT7 - IT6). For quality 7, the multiplier is 16'and that for quality 6 it is 10.
17. Calculate the tolerances, limits and ~lltowuxcsfor a 25
'kid hole pair wigmted u
H,ld,. The diameter steps arc 24 mrn snd 30 mm. The multipl(d.kt quality 8 .is 25. The FD
for 'd' shaft is - 1 6 P U microns Name the type of fi&
jh.9
18. Determine the types of fits p~odUCdaby the following maEg &holes anh
-4%
,,/
&
A Textbook &~ProductionEngineering
19. A fit is designated as : 60 mm H,2 h,; D b t e n r r ~ h hi mum' &?&anc!t
and m9rnum clearance
.
of the tit.
rn0.d
=
lo. A turned shak is to rotate in a reamed h * m a 8 ~ r d
fit is HJc,. ~eterhinethe actual
dimensions of the hole and the shaft. The ba#c size is 60 mm. The diameter steps are SO mm
8nd 80 mm. The fundamental deMIdA.w]t&7.sh& c is,
- (95
a)mi
)wts :fhlFsl$~y*~ml.*
suiifl .t
For quality 7, the muitiplicr is 16.
21. h idler gear is to rotate over a
mm s k i , .The :-=fit
'LH#p Dea?rmik(t ttk actual
b bPnt Q$ the i#k.T?w &mew, stcpg m 39: and 40 mm. The
dimensions of the shfdt PIlQ t
hndmental deviation for the hole H is ~ r *,?tQ3f;?r
o
$9 sh& 5. iq
:
- (95 + 0.8 D)microns.
.,:I
s$@:@
' "'"'
>
g .is12$.
,.
-2 ,
b~6r.W.d
"..&&:,
&+
,B;II$W
Q . ~ mn,
~ l
-*
~marmt9m'
.$
<'
e*~J1!b
* I
2 4 what y,*>*n;,*,pf:yy.
Y*',
;*
-16
rr.
.-
i i ~ fliwl
"1)
(;,fat&&&
&&&&js~" is g,+&
(d)The rclatbe error in the dimension is greater in s W B.
,
.
.(
?tmw
,
*w
$+,&
!,::
,,
.$I
'
:'
(Am.:a)
d-
!.
(a)Clearance fit
*a
n *?da)
~n thq r p .k i i , o a
diq-7
&
L-1
>
&:,";;;
a l J o w m is aqual t ~ h i l a t s F a l , C w .
m8.31~)
akvanec isto UftiMWl Weran&.
*t. h
:I
PI
'
-0.001
4
.-
um
r t q /I
&f
' ro2
s~qqrsr& 4nr
*L'.-
4.W t r m ~ m
,r
,\
xu-
% n ~z t i d
sion specified by
998) [Ans. : el
-9
*.@TI h@fmmb
TTi j +
.(kt3
YIO *ltr.jffia:~
.f l
WIJS~:~
+0,001
&
vq@
ii
4.002 m%
Determine.: T o 1 6 on Journal, Toleran
and type of fit.
(Ans : 0.001 m%&003 m.-0.001 n w
Bepriflg : SO
..
.. .i t
d U 3 .&I
the tolerance.
.a&%
39. A journal md b a i n g aSsOLrrbly has h e i l & # b g sizes%'
1'
k'
,bT
-,
Yc)
. . efiowa~ceiJ Mebed& eFtd&iwe.
brsfi
.-
**
,Maximum clearance
t WC
W
mm, TmstioPL:fif
?B-
$5)
30. In an assembly of journal and bearing, the basis size is 55 mm. The lower deviation, and upper
deviation for bearing is 0 micron and 4 microns respectively. the corresponding values h r
journal are - 3 and -7 microns. Detmine the sizes of journal and bearing and the type of fit.
H.L. = 54.997 mm
(Aas : Journal : L.L. = 54.993 mm ' Bearing H-LA= "*Oo4 mm , clearance fit).
L.L. = 55.000 mm
-@in the d i h c e betww t o I - n q , d aljomnce~
Why do m~rm&n~pro&k
produce $at& d t b such a wide range af tolerances?
33. Thejoumal and M n gwembljr has a basii size of 206 m.For the bearing :
ED.; (Here, L.D.) = 0 micron, and Toterance = 46 micron.
o f j d
For the journal, the values are - 820 and 115 microns respectively. F a tfiG -4
and bearing, assuming unilateral system of tolerances. Alp, +tpmining the allowance and type of
'" ,. ' '; ''tit. Which spkms of fithas,kn adopted?
-.,
.J15#" .:
-
<.
. 4. ijl$
I'
b:
<.I
<.
.--a gihwrtC .
= 50 mm.
Minimum size sfthe shaft = 50 - 0.01 1 = 49.989 mm
+i@@q
01 gfribo 23
Maximum size of the hole = 50 - 0 . q = 49.974 w
f:, --t
t,,.,
Minimum size of the hole = 50 - 0.065 = 49.935 mm = Maximum size of hole Minimm size of Be'shaft
Maximum Clearance
49.9% -W.989
0.01?! nun
= M4nbum &e of hole W m u m siza of the shaa
MinimumClm
= 49.935 50~000= 0.065 llun
Since bdfi the maximum andmhiiarrpnc-l
an n w v e , the fit obtrdned will be "ineaEemnce
fit"
:, ,%,k3 36(! ;,,lii . 1 t P % 4 38,
36. Determine the type of fit :
.
+ 0.05
9-3'
.,
Hale size :
+ 0'05
mm ; S ~ : 20
B
20 - 0.05
- 0.05
SI'[
' :
@huv size ofthehole = 20.05
*
, ;
,
,
Minimw size oPtheQole = 19.95 pun
.
~ \ c > ; q > < 13; Id,(* ..J& ,-rJy ?I{: : ..j&#( b L : a i
Maximum Qze of the shaft = 20.05 mm
r
:31
qd t t l d ~ki4d.;.:>/~*:
~ ~
*>I: fii .#ficil ,:h
= 19.*
* . ' k ; ( ~ ~Tm
~ ' d ~
~ ~ ~ d i a t o f k d e - M i n & n r m ~ . o f t b M * Z @ 1935~0,101~~n
.@5efReld- wUIm ~
a = 19.96 -f~.055-0.10
~
m
positive 9nd the Minimum Clearance is negative, the tit obtainJ
W. Maximum @6f
t.k shaQ
"
(,,
-- --
~6
sw
--
. .
I
*---
X
i
407
(iii) Combined Bore / Face Gauge: The position and parallelism of a bore in relation to a
datum face can be checked by means of a combined bore/face gauge, Fig. 10.38. The pin which
locates in the bore is in effect, 'Go' plug gauge, and the steps ground on the other pin are the
'Go' and 'Not Go' limits for the datum face to hole axis dimension. The length of the plug gauge
needs to be sufficient to enable the length of the 'Go' step on the pin to check for parallelism.
The tolerance on the hole must be less than the tolerance on the dimension to the face for the
gauge to operate satisfactorily.
EXAMPLES
Example I. A 25 mm H8--j7 fit is to be checked. The limits oj size Jar H8 hole are: High
limit 25.033 mm, low limit 25.000 mm. The limits of size Jar 17 shafts are: High limit 24.980
mm. low limit 24.959 mm. Taking gauge maker's tolerance to be 10% oj the work tolerance.
design plug gauge and gap gauge to check the fit.
= H.L - L.L.
= 25.033 - 25.000 = 0.033 mm
.. Gauge makers tolerance for plug gauge = 0.1 x 0.033 mm- = 0.0033 mm
= 0.003 mm (rationalised)
Gauge makers tolerance for gap gauge = 0.0021 mm = 0.002 mm (rationalised)
Solution.
As the work tolerances are less than 0.09 mm, wear allowance may not be provided.
(i) Plug Gauge
Basic size of 'Go' plug gauge
.'. In unilateral system,
That is,
High limit of 'Go' plug gauge
25.000 + 0.003
25.003 mm
25.000 mm
25.033 mm
+ 0.003
25.00 mm
- 0.000
+ 0.000
Dimensions of 'Not Go' plug gauge
= 25.033 mm
- 0.003
(Fig. 10.40 shows a sketch of combined 'Go' and 'Not Go' plug gauge.)
. it..
.,c*
..
_A.
',
,,,.:
,-;,I *
.. I
-4,
,I
ft 8 -.-.---.-.-.-. -....-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.
-&iu
r.
*t
! ! ' iti
-.-.-.- .-.-.-.-.-.-....--.-.-.-.-.--.+
00
I
I.
Bt3
'
-,.t+,
^-
+$,
@'
,
l
r I .
.'?.%? ' a h
(ii)lCap Gauge
:.
rnq
:.
+ 0.002
Dimensions of 'Not Go' gap gauge = 24.959 mm
b*i@-w
(Fig. 10.41 shows a sketch of combinid 'Go' and 'Not Go' gap gauge)
,
i.,c;
'
'
<
~ramptd2. !b&h of '73 2 b!@'km'&thew are 'hi Be ~6kkkctby the Ire& of a Go, Not
Go snap gauges. Design the gauge, sketch it and show its Go size'& Not go Y& dimensions.
Assume normal wear allowance and m e maker's tolerance.
Soluti~n.
Highlimitofshaft=7d.@2l'.I
1.,11r2t?r~~11~i
Low limit of &Rri 74.98 mm
Work tolerance = 75.02 - 74.98 0.04 mm
. ,
:. Gauge makers tolerance (lO?!Y = 0.& mm Wear tolerance = 0.001 mm
'Go side' of snap gauge = H.L.of shaft; (MMC) = 75.02 mm
/
'Not Go' side of snap gauge = 74.98 mm
~ i ~~ rr l
Wear allowance is to be applied first to 'GO' ride, before gauge maker's tolarnw is applied.
-,---.2/111r1
1 G
,,,,:,(;k.,j l
i!
,,i
Unilateral System
+ 0.000
'Go' 75.018 mm
- 0.004
Bilateral System
+ 0.002
,,....
..
'Not Go' 74.98 mm
rnrn FC1 I)
3rl,rk
,, r.,
1-i ltci x ~ r m ~ ! ~ ~ 6.002
'go' 75.018 mm
- 0.002
'-"
'm'side of plug
g a ~ g B Af..c.'ofBole 2~a.W'
"'
-
*I2
= ~74.9$'hid
+ 0.010
'Go' 74.955 mm
- 0.000
Bilateral System
tPs2&0-?Q5 :I
'Go' 74.9H' mm
wg
QOl]
t.3
&&
woiztrsr&h tn4n
0% fiil
+ 0.005
m ~ W.B8
n
W)O.O
"
80 m m
- 0.00
4.04
-.
!I
-.
"J
:,
A Textbook of f k l ~ t i o n
Enginewing
60.04 mm
60.00 mm
mm
= 80.00 mm
= 0.04 mm
= 0.05 mm
= 80.05
,.,
, !,
Go Gauge
~r -
ijr), ?T
%!,.hL
sk+d ?Q Yk,;~:b
d3LJ fo
1:
L L . ~
, .I
,,\<
f!>l(
ftnlll
c qnsdoi AX
J.,
-1)
. t ~~!qt::?
c P
,, ., t ,
6
1,~'
ii t t !
I;<
I.;
(i) 60 mm dimension :
Go gauge will correspond to low limit of )vdth of h ~ i (MYC),
e
i.e., 60 mm.
:. Basic size of 'Go Gauge' f i 60
pimnsion
'to h i e c;
y
,w
= 60.00 rpm
Using unilateral system, the limits of siye for 'Go Gaugq' fa,@:mp dhension are :
1a.t:' .
+ 0.004
,
60.00
mm
- 0.000
,
(io 80 mm dikemion :
Basier*
'4
.$+
mm
+ 0.005
80.00
mm
(unilateral system)
- 0.000
The 'bb Gauge' is- shown in Fig. 10.43.
:..i\lnr-..i
Fig. 10.43.
7,
'4
'
The 'Not Go Gaugesy will correspond to the mhimum met?! cuwjitim of hole i.e. high
limits of dimensions.
. ,,
Basic she of 'NoT Go Gauge' for 50 mm dimwshn n r i 1~3.: I ?:;me :~rclr? c .-r
= 60.04 rn
:
.-w :li . I Q I Z ~ : .arg: rFOC
:.
:.
Y*
- ...
L.,
Limits of size of 'No Go 6'+&' P i 80
dimension
.
:
. .are
,. ..
ir: .. .i.c..,- -*. . . -- ...
.-.....2 lo\
.: .
I-.
:6
zfia.fi 'bdq
?-1.
.__A.
+awl:& + ( p i -
'i~fq~f;:+i-ilj
~ l ?
1. What is a gauge?
O*i"
+ 81,807
&tp
pi3
2. How dots a gauge differ from a rheasuring instrum&
3. --**!
Sre - . 4 s o l & ~
,baPu i w d
n.sl;/. IGI-I.,'
,.,*. 6 , I l . .,..,v
4. What is the di&tonce between standard gauge (non-limit page) and a limit
4
-4.
a! kl
airid31
ltadZ
11'
.+
6.
94: ira
7.
8.
9.
'[I,.
, , , I&
11.
,
*Q
What h mu@
'
"
.,.-
)I
,.It
'
I,
T1
.9joll(
e?
..
:H : # Q P , P ~
i ~ p w i i &iie
~ n ~d -r
0w0. *'
~ d W tdimnce?
s
5Mdw,is ibopaed ia the BdsigB of gauges?
Give the advantages and disadvantages of unillttellll and bilateral s
y
m of -fig.
z,
ww is wcar'dl~w-'? EBW ib itragtrlied in, the4dcsign
ofgitiges?
,
State and explain Taylor's principle s f &it gauging.
Discuss the .vllrim$ nar*erbksu&?d for g
a
w imw8bEture.
What are the advantages of limit gauges'?
..,.,
~ U P P42,
14. What is
M W
,I5
a,
r ,
0 02
'
<<
16. A (haft I00 +
m m diameter is to be checked using a 'go-not go' sna! F g e . Give its
SP!
C Y ~ $r
dimensions. Anow for wear &d b g e mak&rlstbikrance. r %Yaitaij
?,i<li r-f.,f,
-:, / , I l l , :
>
ayr!!
3.
x.
'
; 60
plug ~aude,GO'&
,
- - (j";io5;
* 0.005~mm
'4
b
d
*.
0.005 mm CLlI
kg
Note. Unilateral system has been used. Wear allowance has been neglected; work taYqace being less
than $09 mm;,
,,
-,.
20. The minimum size of a hole is 25.00 mm. Its maximum size is 25.002 mm. When matching
shaft ,8fwrldldis &the f b n M r Z a l Beviation is found to be - 0.02 mm. Shaft
toler&W@ O H 3 m. D d g a &es
for hde snd.'shft. TaPce the usual valiles. of gauge
qabfs, t o k w e and wear Jlowyrcc.
21. Design 'GO' aryl 'W.GQ;,
awls ,&LpIqg g ~ ~ t to
g ~wqwm
i
%hd@
pf s
b 28.4XW %O 14 mm
adopting (a) Unilateral system (b)' Bilateral system.
. l
t'
$ + I !
&
'!
8 ,
>
>
!:;:
22. A bore of
mm dia x 43 n t t ~long
~ is to be &&A. Iksig@'dilZwd~~&
IlImknsior a plug
gauge for this, based on Taylor's principle
design.
vbf,
r-YE ::ti'/.' .!'
23. A square peg having limits of 25.00 nun and 24.97 mm is to ke dPw:W. Design a gauge
(gauges) for checking this, W op Tqyhr's principle ~pfw
g
e dyign. ,, .,, - .
24. Discuss the principle of Taylor's for the design of gauges for checking i ,
,
ad
X i2r [IS
, ( ~ j . ~ t4016
~ .with
~ ~a c~rilylrical
d
:Not ,Go' g+ge. 1 ~ 3 i t t ~ ~ r '~ o , . ~ F~t ~ ~ . , ~ ~
(b) of rc&ngular hole rw xuri g y&;m&, or ~ a z usa 0 1 b @ ~ : : g21~!r?ourr,x:ln.
(c) circular holes? i r J uL
(d) circular shafts.
rrtnt ?r ?c. itot~:i3r!1?3~jd
(e) Non-circular holes and shafts. 'OC
-
'
vwi-"
,.a.
Sketch and discuss various types of
snap gauges.
$7. Discuss the procedure df manufacturing Limit plug gauges.
28. Discuss the procedure of manufacturing Limit snap gauges.
29. What role do gauges play in the mass production system?
f.
,4
I*'
. . ---- - - -
Y~C)~-~~VU
8 i~ . II!H ~
- - -.
,"!I
II
t;t
.I
.i
f irr.
hi To ml.1
-.
ofptsq/&b
jO d%o.
1f
3'
r:
., , ,,a
.IJ-~>:
luaa;l:
w o r ~ . ~ ~ & i t a ~ ~ ~ ~ k b . ~ ~ - f r ~ . r i ~ ~
d*.
jkpi kge 914 G&uhte.'L' &em 49 1-L58j,Max. did, = 23.42 nnn, min.
[ b h b .* (D - dY2 an @In; 0 . M ~ m ]
jAlfigq
dia 1 3 . 4 Q t ~ .
. ,
,.A
)-s;~
,I,-
'I
1~51
w b on
37.
wearfar gar$eslakrgsni
v.
t~.J! a: bshrc
I
.-.
S.I. fi='va&us t n h k
I+,I+'mWI&
~ n 10.30),
.
Special W=
mamiets lir q $ k t i m m W ' & k r " ~
~ rapidly ctuc to
itsirL
i k very
wear (for ex~mple,a small diameter screw plug gauge used on a cast iron
" b313:
yZ-,--
\ *at),
t
)
,
(a) h s . (B&
a :-
.,
...-.
w&
.z!fizlwsi
._
. .-I
.--
: 11'
!(
.
.
F
a5
)I
,.>
.-.,,,,,,,,fi,&'kiih
16 1 ~ 1 ,r
lbn62
o:
:.f
sizes
iwrflmenwg
Ep
'
bS
iimitititWs
~b
,
~
e
'
'
@ ~ , di ~ ~, . , ~~ ~ jw, , ; a~ : xd: R u
~ l ,~
p J g
tur: ;!j
(d) Particular sources bf error in themampnukt an
Irrvs(rk$ R e & w m s in machine
tQol
q d better P t M (. , ' .& due, Q e k q m j x ) haw a h ~ the
~ d
>(j <i c Y ~ 3 ,
!-33~
MY
'
~~
4-
.I L H L C ,
I.
.?:qr
,
!I
y.b,~l;#.m
~~$i't","~,~at$$s
TCF~LT
;rf lis8
d ~ s b a
wT+
whmg -.-
i n e n ulr
intemal,and ex&
r t