1

World Economic Forum.Global Gender Gap Report 2013. Retrieved from

http://www.weforum.org/issues/global-gender-gap.
2
Hagad, A. (1977) Comments on the Muslim Code: A Paper on PD. No. 1038. Retrieved from
http://plj.upd.edu.ph/comments-on-the-muslim-code-a-paper-on-p-d-no-1083/
3
PD 1083 Code of Muslim Personal Laws (1977). Art. 46
4
Family Code of the Philippines (1988), Art. 1
5
Segran, E. (2013) The Rise of the Islamic Feminists. Retrieved from
http://www.thenation.com/article/177467/rise-islamic-feminists#

Retrieved from http://www.nscb.gov.ph/ru11/davao_city/default_profile.htm#city people

CPRM Consultants. (June 2004). Institutional Strengthening of the Shari'a Justice System: Retrieved from
http://www.muslimmindanao.ph/Islam_phil2.html
5

6
7

Cultural Sociology of Divorce: An Encyclopedia Edited by Robert E. Emery (p. 971 )

Nollora v. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 169766 (2011).

Juliano-Llave v. Republic, G.R. No. 169766 (2011).

Anshari P. Ali, The Legal Impediments to the Application of Islamic Family Law in the Philippines, 2010. Retreived
from http://aboutphilippines.ph/filer/The-Application-of-Islamic-Family-Law-in-the-Philippines-full-text.pdf
9

Jimenez-David, R (2011) Divorce and the Status Quo. Philippine Daily Inquirer, Retrieved from
http://opinion.inquirer.net/5801/divorce-and-the-status-quo, accessed 1 October 2011.

Angeles, V. (2014) Paradise Lies at the Feet of the Mother: Muslim Womens Rights, Gender Roles, and Philippine
Laws. Retrieved from: http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/paradise-lies-at-the-feet-of-the-mothermuslim-women-s-rights-gender-roles-and-philippine-laws
8

Philippine Constitution (1986), Sec. 11 Art. XV

PD 1083 Code of Muslim Personal Laws (1977). Art. 46

Article 78 of the Philippine Civil Code (RA 394) allowed non-Christian marriages to be performed according to
their customs and practices. This provision expired in 1970 but was extended by the President of the Philippines
until 1980. Divorce and polygamy, however, were not legal.

19

Jimenez-David, R (2011) Divorce and the Status Quo. Philippine Daily Inquirer, Retrieved from
http://opinion.inquirer.net/5801/divorce-and-the-status-quo, accessed 1 October 2011.