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Reporting Research Findings: 4.1 Use Text and Visual Aids Properly
Reporting Research Findings: 4.1 Use Text and Visual Aids Properly
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Reporting Research Findings
Interpret results
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21%
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79%
Yes
21%
79%
No
Yes
No
Note that simple findings usually do not need a visual aid, nor do you need a visual
aid for every finding. Visual aids are usually used to make complex findings explained
in the text easier to grasp. However, there are simple but crucial findings and visuals are
sometimes created to give these facts more impact or emphasis, as above.
Remember that in the Results section you need to be objective. That is, you need to
report your findings without any biased comment or slant. An example of biased
reporting is as follows:
The survey shows that an overwhelming percentage of the respondents 83% feel
that punishing cyberbullies is not necessary, a disappointing finding.
You will notice that the words in bold betray the writers feelings and attitude towards
the subject under discussion. Such comments should be avoided.
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Interpreting data
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ember
You should rem port;
re
that you write a
you do not draw
a report.
ary.
The text is prim
ort
pp
su
The graphics
.
the text
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Topic heading
Talking headings
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Reporting Research Findings
Decimal system
Appropriate
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It can be seen [writers voice/comment] from the survey [source] that [finding]
The majority [finding], as can be seen from the responses to a question about... [source]
Another common error occurs when presenting what the respondents say or feel. Avoid
saying this:
According to the respondents, the decision whether to recycle or not depends on the
availability of recycling resources such as bins and the encouragement to recycle.
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Referring to Figure 1, only 15% of the respondents... (Who is referring to Figure 1?)
The correct version is:
Referring to Figure 1, we can see that only 15% of the respondents... (It is you and the
reader(s) who are referring to the figure.)
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Conclusion
After putting a lot of effort into gathering information, you will want your report to
contain factually accurate information that is objectively reported and conveyed in
accurate or appropriate language. The key to writing an effective Results and Discussion
section in a report is to ensure that your reader is able to access data easily and understand
what the information means to your research. To achieve the former, use headings, text
and figures effectively. Additionally, ensure that the language you use reflects your voice,
the source of the finding and the actual finding.
Further reading
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Anderson, P.V. (2003). Technical communication A reader-centered approach (5th ed). Boston: Heinle.
McMurrey, D.A. (2002). Power tools for technical communication. Fort Worth: Harcourt College
Publishers.
Wesiman, H. (1996). Basic technical reporting. New Jersey, Englewood Woods: Prentice Hall.
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