ng gi d liu Data Encapsulation

- Khi d liu c truyn i thng qua mt mng n

mt thit b khc, n phi c ng gi d liu. Ti mi
lp d liu s c bc li vi mi giao thc ring r.
- truyn thng v trao i d liu, mi mt lp s s
dng PDUs n v d liu giao thc. Mt PDUs bao gm
thng tin iu khin c gn vo d liu ti mi lp ca
m hnh. Chng th lun lun gn mt mo u vo trng
d liu.
- Mi PDUs gn vo d liu bng cch ng gi chng ti
mi lp ca m hnh OSI, v mi mt PDUs s c mt tn
c th ph thuc vo thng tin mi mo u. Mi thng
tin PDUs ny s ch c c ti mi lp tng ng bn
pha nhn. V sau khi c xong, mo u ti lp ny s
c g b v chuyn ln lp k tip.
- Qu trnh ng gi d liu nh sau:
o D liu t ba lp trn s c chuyn xung lp
Transport, lc ny n to nn mt ng kt ni
o ti thit b nhn bng cch gi mt bn tin synch.
o K tip d liu s c chia nh. Mt mo u ca
lp Transport c to ra v gn vo phn u ca
trng d liu. Lc ny mi mnh d liu s c gi
l mt segment. V mi segment s c nh s.
Ty theo yu cu ca lp ng dng m mo u ca
lp Transport c th l UDP hay TCP.
o Mi segment c chuyn xung lp Network nh
tuyn v gn a ch Ip. a ch Ip c gn cho mi
segment gip d liu i n ch mt cch chnh xc.
Giao thc lp mng c gn vo u ca mi
segment chuyn xung lp Datalink. Lc ny ta s
gi l mt packet hoc mt datagram.
o Lp Datalink ng gi mi packet vo trong mt
frame, phn mo u ca mi frame bao gm a ch
MAC ca ngun v ch. Nu thit b nhn xa, cc
frame s c chuyn n router router chuyn
n ch thng qua lin mng.

o a cc frame vo trong mng, chng phi c

chuyn thnh cc tn hiu s. Lc ny cc d liu s
c chuyn thnh cc chui bit nh phn 0 v 1.