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Partition:
System:
Ext2:
cht khng phi l File System Journaling.
c pht trin k tha cc thuc tnh ca file h
thng c.
H tr dung lng cng ln ti 2 TB.
Khng s dng journal nn s c t d liu c ghi
vo a hn.
Do lng yu cu vit v xa d liu kh thp nn ph
hp vi nhng thit b lu tr bn ngoi nh th nh,
USB...
Thc
Ext3:
cn bn ch l Ext2 i km vi Journaling.
Mc ch chnh ca Ext3 l tng thch ngc vi
Ext2.
Nhng a, phn vng c th d dng c chuyn
i gia 2 ch m khng cn phi format nh trc
kia.
Nhng gii hn ca Ext2 vn cn nguyn trong Ext3,
u im ca Ext3 l hot ng nhanh, n nh hn.
Ext3 khng thc s ph hp lm File System dnh
cho my ch bi v khng h tr tnh nng to disk
snapshot v file c khi phc s rt kh xa b sau
ny.
V
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Ext4:
nh Ext3, lu gi c nhng u im v tnh
tng thch ngc vi phin bn trc .
C th d dng kt hp cc phn vng nh dng Ext2,
Ext3 v Ext4 trong cng 1 a trong Linux tng
hiu sut hot ng.
Trn thc t, Ext4 c th gim bt hin tng phn
mnh d liu trong cng, h tr cc file v phn vng
c dung lng ln...
Thch hp vi SSD so vi Ext3, tc hot ng
nhanh hn so vi 2 phin bn Ext trc , cng kh
ph hp hot ng trn server.
Ging
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BtrFS:
pht m l Butter hoc Better FS.
Hin ti vn ang trong giai on pht trin bi Oracle
v c nhiu tnh nng ging vi ReiserFS.
i din cho B-Tree File System.
H tr tnh nng pool trn cng, to v lu tr
snapshot, nn d liu mc cao, chng phn mnh
d liu nhanh chng...
c thit k ring bit dnh cho cc doanh nghip c
quy m ln.
Thng
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ReiserFS:
th coi l 1 trong nhng bc tin ln nht ca File
System Linux.
Ln u c cng b vo nm 2001 vi nhiu tnh
nng mi m File System Ext kh c th t c.
Nhng n nm 2004, ReiserFS c thay th bi
Reiser4 vi nhiu ci tin hn na.
Tuy nhin, qu trnh nghin cu, pht trin ca Reiser4
kh chm chp v vn khng h tr y h thng
kernel ca Linux.
t hiu sut hot ng rt cao i vi nhng file nh
nh file log, ph hp vi database v server email.
C
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XFS:
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JFS:
c
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ZFS:
ti vn ang trong giai on pht trin bi Oracle
vi nhiu tnh nng tng t nh Btrfs v ReiserFS.
Mi xut hin trong nhng nm gn y v c tin n
rng Apple s dng n lm file h thng mc nh.
Ph thuc vo tha thun iu khon s dng, Sun
CDDL th ZFS khng tng thch vi h thng nhn
kernel ca Linux, tuy nhin vn h tr ton b Linuxs
File system in Userspace FUSE c th s dng
c ZFS.
Ngi s dng c th gp kh khn khi ci t h iu
hnh Linux v c yu cu FUSE v c th khng c
h tr bi distributor.
Hin
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Swap:
phi l dng File System, c ch hot ng kh
khc bit.
Swap c s dng di dng b nh o v khng c
cu trc file h thng c th.
Khng th kt hp v c d liu c, ch c th
c dng bi kernel ghi thay i vo cng.
Thng thng, n ch c s dng khi h thng b
sung vng nh cho RAM hoc chuyn trng thi ca
my tnh v ch Hibernate.
Khng
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FAT:
c t lu, t thi MS-DOS va nhng phin bn
u tin ca Windows.
Nhng h iu hanh nay t chc cc tp tin theo File
System FAT, biu din cc vung lun ly ca a thanh
nhng n v c gi la lin cung (cluster) va nh x
v tr d liu tp tin vao nhng vung nay bng bng nh
v FAT (file allocation table).
FAT
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FAT32:
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NTFS:
NTFS (New Technology File System), c a ra cung
vi Windows NT (cng h tr FAT32).
Vi khng gian a ch 64 bit va kh nng thay i kch
thc ca cluster c lp vi dung lng a, NTFS
loi tr c nhng hn ch v kch thc ca cluster.
Ngoai ra n con mang li nhng u im khc nh thuc
tnh bo mt cho tp tin va th mc, m ho tp tin va h
tr kh nng lu tr n 16TB va 232 cluster.
NTFS thay bng FAT quen thuc bng bng qun ly tp
tin MFT (Master File Table), c kh nng lu tr nhiu
thng tin v tp tin hn FAT. MFT tham chiu n mi tp
tin va th mc c trn a, k c nhng siu d liu
tng ng nh thng s bo mt.
NTFS cng c kh nng chu li cao. NTFS khng thch
hp vi a di 400MB va khng th dung cho a mm.
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Thao
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u im:
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Nhc im:
Gim dung lng lu tr ca HDD (tng dung lng - ngm cn qun l lu tr cho tng phn vng)
Gim nng lc lu tr thc ca a (vd: HDD ta c 2 phn
vng, mi phn vng cn trng 10GB, ta khng th copy mt
file 15GB vo u mc d HDD thc s cn trng n 20GB).
Tng kh nng phn mnh d liu > gim tc truy xut
chung, gim kh nng cu d liu nu li phn vng.
Chm qu trnh di chuyn tp tin trong a (nu cng phn
vng, Windows s thc hin sa a ch trn MFT - thao tc
move coi nh xong, nhng nu khc phn vng Windows s
phi thc hin vic move khi d liu thc s)
Gim tc truy xut d liu trung bnh ton h thng: Cc
khu vc d liu thng xuyn c truy xut trn ton b a
(theo thng k ca Windows) s khng gom c vo 1 vng,
gim kh nng ti u ng i ca u c.
V vy, ta khng nn chia cng thnh qu nhiu phn vng.
CCH CI T NHIU H IU HNH TRONG MT MY TNH
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amework/w7udt/1.0/en-us/Windows7-USB-DVDtool.exe
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hai ch ci t:
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Cc bc to USB Linux:
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Mt s lu :
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 7:
Thit
Nhn
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 7:
Chn
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 7:
Bm
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 7:
Lu
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 7:
Chn
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 7:
Nhp
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 7:
Nhp
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 7:
Giao
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 8:
Thit
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 8:
Chn
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 8:
Nhp
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 8:
Bm
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 8:
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 8:
52
dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 8:
ca s Personalize, ta t tn my tnh vo
PC Name
Trong
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dn ci t Windows:
Ci t Windows 8:
Giao
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
Thit
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
hp thoi INSTALLATION OPTION
Ta chn option I want to review/modify my disk
partitions before continuing v nhn Continue ch
nh Mount Point
Trong mn hnh MANUAL PARTITIONING ta nhn nt
[+] thm Mount Point.
Trong hp thoi ADD A NEW MOUNT POINT ta chn
mount point /
Nhn nt Add mount point vo mn hnh chi tit
Trong
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
khi nhn nt Add mount point vo mn hnh
chi tit
Ta t li dung lng Desired Capacity cho phn vng
root (v d 15GB) v nhn nt Update cp nht cc
thng s.
Tin hnh tng t chn mount point Swap
Cui cng nhn nt Done (gc trn bn tri mn hnh)
hon tt cng vic phn vng
Sau
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
khi phn vng hon chnh, mc INSTALLATION
DESTINATION s khng cn du chm cm mu cam.
Ta nhn nt Begin Installation bt u ci t
Sau
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
Trong
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
Nhn
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
khi ng h iu hanh Fedora ln u, ta phi chn
li ngn ng va mt s thng s user name, password,
location.
Khi
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
khi ng h iu hanh Fedora ln u, ta phi chn
li ngn ng va mt s thng s user name, password,
location.
Khi
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
khi ng h iu hanh Fedora ln u, ta phi chn
li ngn ng va mt s thng s user name, password,
location.
Khi
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
Man
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Fedora:
Giao
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
Thit
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
khi phn vng xong ta bm chn vo nt Install Now
bt u nhp mt s thng s v ci t h iu hnh
Sau
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
Chn
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
Nhp
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
Sau
my
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
hnh vi Menu la chn 3 h iu hnh ci t
hon chnh
Mn
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
ng
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dn ci t Linux:
Ci t Ubuntu:
Giao
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l b khi ng GRUB:
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l b khi ng GRUB:
ln lt cc lnh vo Terminal:
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l b khi ng GRUB:
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l b khi ng GRUB:
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l b khi ng GRUB:
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l b khi ng GRUB:
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l b khi ng GRUB:
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l b khi ng GRUB:
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l b khi ng GRUB:
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l b khi ng GRUB:
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Fedora:
Ta s dng a cai t Live CD Fedora khi ng.
Tin hanh khi ng a cai t Fedora.
M termial, vao quyn root user bng lnh su tip nh
lnh fdisk -l, lc nay s xem c phn vung nao cai LINUX
trc .
Dng lnh sau: mount /dev/sdax /mnt, trong x la i
din cho th t phn vung cai linux ca bn
Ci t grub2: yum install grub2
Ghi grub2 vo MBR: grub2-install --root-directory=/mnt/
/dev/sda
grub2 t nhn cc phn vung: grub2-mkconfig -o
/boot/grub2/grub.cfg
Khi ng li my: shutdown -r now
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Trong
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Trong
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Trong
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Trong
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7. Ph lc
Ci
V d: D:\wubi.exe --force-wubi
Ta nhn nt Install Inside Windows. Tip bng
ci t ca Wubi hin ra.
7. Ph lc
Ci
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7. Ph lc
Ci
7. Ph lc
Ci
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7. Ph lc
Ci
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7. Ph lc
Ci
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7. Ph lc
Ci
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7. Ph lc
Ci
HT