IRAN ENERGY USE

By: Amir dargahi

WHAT SOURCE OF ENERGY DOES IRAN USE

Iran is an energy
superpower . Iran
uses a lot of sources
of energy. For
example they use
oil, natural gas,
hydroelectric power,
coal and lastly
natural gas. Iran has
the largest natural
gas reserves and
fourth largest oil

WHAT DOES NATUAL GAS LOOK LIKE

NATUAL GAS
The proved natural gas in Iran is about 1,046
trillion cubic feet, 15.8% or 29.6 trillion cubic
meters of worlds total reserves , of which
67% is in non associated and 33% are
associated gas. Iran has the worlds second
largest reserves after Russia. It takes almost
5,850 cubic feet 166m3 of gas to equal the
energy and natural gas. As the nations first
oil well in 1908 , 145 hydrocarbon fields and
297 oil and gas has been found in Iran.

HOW IS NATUAL GAS EXTRACTED

Long time ago the leftover of plants and
animals wasted and built up in thick layers.
This wasted matter form plants and animals
is called organic material. It was once alive
over time the mud and soil changed to rock
covered the organic materials and trapped it
below the rock. Pressure and heat changed
some of this organic material into coal and
some into natural gas. And some times they
take it from under the ground.

PROS AND CONS ABOUT

NATURAL GAS
cons

Natural gas is different type of

fossil fuel, that means it is nonrenewable and still releases
carbon dioxide.
Natural gas in cleaner than
gasoline and coal but is still set
free carbon dioxide that gives
away to global warming
It will cost a lot of money to use
natural gas if your home is not
properly wrap.
If there is a crack it may cause
fire or a explosion.
When using natural gas in cars
or trucks the length from
natural gas is lower than
gasoline.

pros
People without natural gas
pipeline in their homes can
use small tanks containing
natural gas.
Natural gas burn without
releasing some or sulfur
dioxide.
Natural gas can also be use
as a fuel to run airplanes,
cars and trucks. It burns
cleaner than turbine and
gasoline.
Natural gas is generally
available.

HOW DO WE GET ENERGY FROM NATUAL

GAS

A gas power station turns the chemical energy in natural gas into electrical energy that can be used
in homes and businesses.

Natural gas (1) is pumped into the gas turbine (2), where it is mixed with air (3) and burned,
converting its chemical energy into heat energy. As well as heat, burning natural gas produces a
mixture of gases called the combustion gas. The heat makes the combustion gas expand. In the
enclosed gas turbine, this causes a build-up of pressure.

The pressure drives the combustion gas over the blades of the gas turbine, causing it to spin,
converting some of the heat energy into mechanical energy. A shaft connects the gas turbine to the
gas turbine generator (4), so when the turbine spins, the generator does too. The generator uses an
electromagnetic field to convert this mechanical energy into electrical energy.

After passing through the gas turbine, the still-hot combustion gas is piped to the heat recovery
steam generator (5). Here it is used to heat pipes full of water, turning the water to steam, before
escaping through the exhaust stack (6). Natural gas burns very cleanly, but the stack is still built tall
so that the exhaust gas plume (7) can disperse before it touches the ground. This ensures that it
does not affect the quality of the air around the station.

The hot steam expands in the pipes, so when it emerges it is under high pressure. These highpressure steam jets spin the steam turbine (8), just like the combustion gas spins the gas turbine.
The steam turbine is connected by a shaft to the steam turbine generator (9), which converts the
turbines mechanical energy into electrical energy.

After passing through the turbine, the steam comes into contact with pipes full of cold water. In
coastal stations this water is pumped straight from the sea (10 and 11). The cold pipes cool the
steam so that it condenses back into water. It is then piped back to the heat recovery steam
generator to be reused.

FUN FACT ABOUT NATUAL GAS

Natural gas was formed deep under the

earth about 100 million years ago.

There are more than2.1 million miles of

underground gas pipelines across the

United States.
Natural gas is lighter than air.
make gas leaks easier to notice.
When natural gas is cooled to 260

degrees below zero, it changes from a

gas into a liquid.

WHAT DOES COAL LOOK LIKE

HOW COAL IS FORMED

Coal is non renewable energy source because it
takes millions of years to form. Which means
what is in the ground now is all there is and we
cant make more of coal, we need to find the
coal. The energy in coal comes from energy
that was stored in giant plants that lived
hundred of million of years ago in swamp
forests. When these giant plants and ferns died.
They formed layers at the bottom of the
swamps. Water and dirt began to pile up on top
of the dead plant remains. Over thousands of
years pressure and heat would build up on top
of the plants remains undergoing chemical and

HOW IS COAL EXTRACTED

The largest part of the worlds coal is mined from
china. the united states, India, Australia and south
Africa. More than 6185 million stones of hard coal
was mined from coal mines around the world in 2o12.
Coal mines use surface mining for coal deposits
buried less than 200 feet underground. In this type of
mining giant machines remove topsoil and layers of
rock to let out large beds of coal. After coal extraction
the topsoil is replaced so that the area can be reused
for wildlife habitats and offices. Underground mining
is another method of coal extraction that includes
extracting coal that is buried several hundred feet
blow the surface. In underground mining the miners
use elevators to travel deep into line shafts where
they use machined that dig out the coal

HOW WE GET ENERY FROM

COAL

First the coal is in the ground to a fine powder and blown into the boiler

2 where is is burned converting its chemical energy into energy. Grinding the coal into powder increases its surface area.

Which helps it to burn faster and hotter, producing as much heat and as little waste as possible. As well as heat, burning
coal produces ash and the boiler and is removed by the ash systems.
3 it is usually then sold to the building industry and used as an ingredient in various building materials, like concrete. The

gases enter the exhaust stack.

4 which contains equipment that filters out any dust and ash, before venting into the atmosphere. The exhaust stacks of

coal power stations are built tall so that the exhaust plume
(5) can disperse before it touches the ground. This ensures that it does not affect the quality of the air around the station.
Burning the coal heats water in pipes coiled around the boiler, turning it into steam. The hot steam expands in the pipes,

so when it emerges it is under high pressure. The pressure drives the steam over the blades of the steam turbine
(6), causing it to spin, converting the heat energy released in the boiler into mechanical energy. A shaft connects the

steam turbine to the turbine generator

(7), so when the turbine spins, so does the generator. The generator uses an electromagnetic field to convert this

mechanical energy into electrical energy.

After passing through the turbine, the steam comes into contact with pipes full of cold water. In coastal stations this water

is pumped straight from the sea

(8). The cold pipes cool the steam so that it condenses back into water. It is then piped back to the boiler, where it can be

heated up again, turn into steam again, and keep the turbine turning.Finally, a transformer converts the electrical energy
from the generator to a high voltage. Th e

national grid uses high voltages to transmit electricity

efficiently through the power lines
(9) to the homes and businesses that need it.

HOW COAL IS COLLECTED

Coal is mined in a coal mine or strip
mined and brought out on a loader
specially made for mines then it is put
on a belt and into a hopper and then
into a giant dump track with wheels bigger
around than a full sized truck is long 12 to
15 feet in diameter then it is hauled to a
dump site and put in 18-22 wheeler coal
haulers and taken to a coal planet where is
is cleaned before going up a belt system
into train cars which are then hauled down
river to a port on a barge.

PROS AND CON ABOUT COAL

pros

cons

Compared with other

Coal fired power plants
energy sources, such as
are a major source of air
oil and natural gas coal is
pollution.
Air pollution from coal
really cheap.
Coal is not only burned
burning poses a health
directly but it can also be
hazard, especially for
transformed into liquid or
individuals with
gas form.
respiratory diseases.
Coal deposits are typically There are plentiful coal
close to the surface and
supplies in western
cover large areas,
countries for many
allowing many coal mines
decades, which can be
to operate for decades
used for power generation
using relatively safe
and manufacturing use
Plentiful in many areas of
the world, including

FUN FACTS
ABOUT COAL

Coal is made largely of carbon but also features other

elements such as hydrogen oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.

Different types of coal contain different amounts of carbon.

Lignite contains only around 60 to 75%, while anthracite
contains more than 92%

Coal is the worlds largest source of energy for the

production of electricity.

Coal has formed about 300 million years ago.

Coal mostly transported by train.

Coal is so called dirty energy source because of its negative

effect on environment.

Coal was already used in the bronze age britain.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR WATCHING

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