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Profit=P
Loss=L
S.P=Selling Price
C.P=Cost Price
M.P=Marked Price
Type I
Profit %=
(..)
Loss% =
(..)
100
100
Profit and Loss will increase or decrease with quantity according to the number of item, but Profit and
Loss percentage will not vary with number of items.
Profit and Loss will always be calculated on Cost Price.
Exp.1: Farqui purchased a radio for Rs. 600, He sold it for Rs. 720.What is the percent profit he earned in the
transaction?
Solution:
P% =
=
(..)
.
(720600)
600
100
100
=20%
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120
100
=1.2
97
100
=0.97
If factor is less than 1 there will be a loss, if factor is greater than 1 there will be a profit.
Let there is Factor 1.2,so profit will be
1.2100=120
120-100=20
So there will be profit of 20%
Let there is factor .97,so loss will be
0.97100=97
97-100=-3
So there will be loss of 3%
Exp2: Atif purchased an article for Rs. 400 and sold it at 20% profit, find selling price?
Solution: . = .
. = .
480=S.P
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Find
Solution . = .
. . =
M.P=1250
Exp4: Nasir wants to earn 20% profit on an article after offering 25% discount to the customer if the cost price
of an item is 300, then the M.P of an article would be.
Solution: . = . = .P
. = . .
M.P=480
Type III
()
100
P=profit %
M=Marked above Cost Price
D=Discount
Exp5: An article is marked 40 % above the cost price and a discount of 30 %is allowed, what is the gain or
loss percentage?
Solution: =
= 40 30
()
100
(40 30)
100
= -2
So there will be 2% loss.
By golden rule
Let C.P=100x
. = . =
= .
F1=0.98
So there will be 2 % loss.
Mayank Gupt-makguffaw@gmail.com,9990123477
Type IV
(.)
(100+)
(.)
(100)
Exp 6: A 25% hike in the price of potato forces a person to purchase 2 kg less for Rs. 75.Find Original
Price.
Solution: Original Price=
(.)
(100+)
Original Price=
(2575)
(100+25)2
=7.5
Exp 7: A reduction of 10 %in the price of salt enables a person to buy 2 kg more for Rs. 180.Find the
reduced and the original price/kg.
Solution: Original Price=
Original Price=
(.)
(100)
(10180)
(10010)2
=10
Reduced Price =90% of 10
=9
Type V: If a person buys A goods for B and sells C goods for D, then the profit/loss % will be
Profit/loss %=
(())
Mayank Gupt-makguffaw@gmail.com,9990123477
Exp 8: Salman purchased some lemons. He purchased 7 lemons for Rs. 9.He sold
the lemons. If he sold 11 lemons for 13.Find Loss%.
all
Solution:
Q
7
11
C.P
S.P
P/L
R
9
13
Step II: Make quantity equal by multiplying 11 and 7 in C.P and S.P
respectively .Same number should be multiplied in Rs. also
Q
C.P
711
S.P
11 7
P/L=S.P=C.P 99-77=22
R
9 11=99
13 7=91
8
L%=99 100
=8.08%
Exp 9: Nahid bought some oranges 11 for Rs.9 and same number 9 for Rs. 11 and sold them at 1 for Rs. 2.Find
Profit /Loss %
Q
R
Total
C.P
S.P
P/L
119
9 =81
911
2 =396
11 =121
Total Q =198
Total C.P=81+121=202
Profit=396-202=194
P%=194/202=96.03
Exp10:Faraz purchased some lemons .He sold all the lemons ,He sold 8 lemons for Rs. 7 and gained 40 %.In
order to obtain 50 % profit, what should be selling rate?
Solution:
Golden Rule:
. = . = .P
Situation I
7
=16
Situation II
10
1.5 = .
16
15
=S.P
16
So he must sell 16 for Rs. 15
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C.P
S.P
P?L
I
100x
110x
10x
II
80x
110x+10
S.P-C.P=110x+10-80x
=30x+10
30x+10=40% of 80x
30x+10=32x
x=5
C.P=100
=500
II
200
200 . =222
10%
Exp 13: An article is sold at a profit of 20% If it had been sold at a profit of 25 % it would have fetched Rs. 35
more .Find C.P?
Solution: Let C.P=100x
I
II
C.P
100x
100x
C.P=100x=100 =700
S.P
120x
125x
P/L
20x
25x
25x-20x=35,x=7
Exp 15: By selling 75 mt of cloth, Saddam gain the selling price of 25 mt. Find
gain %?
Solution:
Profit=S.P-C.P
25S.P=75S.P-75C.P
50S.P=75C.P
S.P/C.P=1.5=F1
So there will be 50 % profit.
Type VII: Dishonest Dealer
Profit %=
100
If a corrupted shopkeeper makes x% while purchasing an item and y% while selling an item, then his profit % will
be
Profit %=
+ + 100
Exp16: A dishonest fruit vendor professes to sell his goods at cost price but he uses a weight of 800 gm for the
Kg weight. Find the gain %?
Solution: Profit %=
Profit %=
200
(1000 200
100
100
=25%
Concept:
Let 1 gm =1 Rs.
He pretended 1000gm. =1000 Rs. (S.P)
But he actually gave 800 gm. =800 Rs. (C.P)
S.P/C.P=1000/800=1.25=F1
So there will be a profit of 25%.
Mayank Gupt-makguffaw@gmail.com,9990123477
A dishonest shopkeeper sells an item for 10% profit but he makes a foul by
giving that item 20% less by weight. So the profit % he makes will be
( % + % )
(% )
Exp17: A dishonest fruit vendor professes to sell his goods at a profit of 10%, but he uses a weight of 16 gm for
20 gm. Find his gain%?
Solution: Let 1 gm=1 Rs.
He pretended to give 20 gm=20 Rs.
And take 10 % profit on Rs. 20=20+10% of 20=20+2=22(S.P)
But he actually gave 16gm. =16Rs. (C.P)
S.P/C.P=22/16=1.375 F1
So there be will 37.5% profit
( / )2
100
A man sells two items at the same price P and he make a profit of x on first item and a loss of y on second item, then
Profit/loss %=
(100(xy)2xy )
(200+xy)
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Exp18: Fareed sold two types of goods for Rs. 100000 each. On one of them, he
20 % and on the other he gained 20%.His gain or loss %?
lost
(20)2
100
=4 %( loss)
If we want to calculate in Rs.
Let C.P for both article is =100x
Loss=4x
S.P=96x=2 1
2
X=96
2
Mix
SP=
A man losses x% when he sells an item for z. if he wants to make a profit of y%, then
( 100+y z)
(100)
A person sells an item for x% profit. If he sells it for z money more, he would make a profit of y%, then
CP=
100z
()
Mayank Gupt-makguffaw@gmail.com,9990123477