Professional Documents
Culture Documents
League of Nations Assignment
League of Nations Assignment
Origins
The idea of President Woodrow Wilson of the USA
The Covenant of the League formed part of the Treaty of Versailles, 1919
Organisation
The Council: a small group of permanent and temporary member countries, this could meet at any
time to deal with emergencies
The Assembly: this met once a year in Geneva in Switzerland; all member countries were
represented here and each had one vote
The Secretariat: the civil service of the League; it kept records of meetings, prepared reports,
translated documents
Agencies and Commissions
o Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague
Judges from member states settled disputes between nations.
Gave advice on international law e.g. what was meant by a treaty
o Commission for refugees: helped displaced people
o International Labour Organization: tried to improve working conditions throughout the
world
o Slavery Commission: worked for the abolition of slavery throughout the world
o Health Organization: provided advice on health to member countries
Membership
This varied over the years.
The 42 founder members included Britain and France
The USA never joined
Germany joined in 1926, but left in 1933.
The Soviet Union was a member from 1934 until 1940.
Brazil, Japan and Italy all joined in 1920 but later left.
Aims
To prevent future wars
To settle disputes between countries through negotiation
To provide collective security for its members
To work towards disarmament
To improve the quality of life of people
Collective Security/
Page 1 of 4
Collective Security
An attack on a member nation was seen as an attack on the League. If a member nation was attacked
by another nation it could appeal to the League which would look into the matter. The League could
ask the two nations in dispute to discuss the matter and try to resolve it. If this didnt work, the League
could impose sanctions.
Sanctions
Moral Sanctions (a verbal warning) ie tell the nation which had attacked to stop the attack
Economic Sanctions (hit the offending nation financially). Member countries would stop trading
with the offending nation.
Military Sanctions (using force) Member countries would take armed action against the offending
nation.
Organizational Weaknesses
Not all countries were members
The USA, the most powerful country in the world, never joined
Germany and Russia, two potentially powerful nations, were not allowed to join at first
The Assembly met only once a year
The League did not have its own army. If it wanted to use military sanctions it would need to ask
member states to provide soldiers and member countries were not have to do so.
The League is regarded as being more successful in dealing with social and humanitarian issues
where its committees and commissions undertook some very important tasks eg
Trinity High School
Page 2 of 4
9 The League helped more than 400,000 prisoners of war to return to their home lands after the First
World War
9 The Refugees Committee helped over 1.5 million refugees: food and shelter as well as identity
papers were issued. The committee was successful in helping many refugees find somewhere to
settle permanently.
9 The International Health Organization helped to deal with epidemics such as cholera and it worked
to improve knowledge of other killer diseases such as malaria.
Page 3 of 4
Conclusion
Towards the end of the 1920s it seemed as if international cooperation was set to replace international
conflict. However events in the 1930s showed only too well that international conflict was very much
alive.
Page 4 of 4