The line joining the middle of the chord, C, with the middle of the

curve subtended by this chord.

Radius (R)
- The radius of the curve.
Intersection Angle (I)
- The angle of deflection between the tangents.
Long Chord (C)
- The straight line joining the PC and the PT.
Degree of Curve (D)
- The angle subtended at the center of the curve by an arc 100 ft.
or 20 m long.
-

a.
b.
c.
d.

2.2. Curve Formulas

T R tan

I
2

E R sec 1
2

I
I
C 2 R sin 2T cos
2
2
I
C
I

M R 1 cos tan
2
2
4

Lc 20

metric system
D
I
Lc 100 english system
D
2.3. Methods of Laying Out a Curve:
1. By the deflection angle method:
Deflection angle is the angle subtended by the tangent and the
chord drawn from the PC to the arbitrary point, P on the curve.
Assume the chord/curve to begin and end with a sub-chord:
Let d represents the central angle of the sub-chord whose length is
less than 20 m
D represents the central angle of the full chord whose length is
equal to 20 m