`PRINCIPLE MECHANISM OF

INTRACELLULAR
SIGNALING

E
X
T
R
A
C
E
L
L
U
L
A
R

NEUROTRANSMITTERS
1ST MESSENGER

AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES

CYTOKINES &EXTRA
CELLULAR SUBSTANCES,
ETC

RECEPTOR

RCP DIRECT ENZYM*

G. PROTEIN

CELL MEMBRANECOUPLING REACTION

I
N
T
R
A
C
E
L
L
U
L
A
R

ND

Ca++
ION CHANNEL - etc
cAMP
cGMP
PIP
DAG
Ca++ etc

MESSENGER

-Ad cyclase
-Gu cyclase

3RD MESSENGER
PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION

PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE
RAPID
-ACTIVATION
- INHIBITION

SHORT-TERM
- METABOLISME
- SYNAPTIC
SENSITICITY
SHORT-TERM
MEMORY

LONG-TERM
(GENE EXPRESSIONPROCESSES)
-SYNAPTOGENESIS
-NEUROGENESIS

LONG-TERM MEMORY
+++++++++++++

Hyman SE., Nestler EJ 1994

The Molecular Foundation of Psychiatry

DRUGS
HORMONES