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SONAL SHARMA
AAYOJAN SCHOOL OF
ARCHITECTURE,JAIPUR
BATCH 11

CONTENTS
S.no

TOPIC

Page
No.

1.

Meaning of Art Deco & Period

2.

Place of Origin

3.

Character tics

3-6

4.

Influence

5.

8-31

6.

Famous Buildings of Art Deco

a) EMPIRE STATE BUILDING
b) CHRYSLER BUILDING
c)ROCKEFELLER CENTRE
d) FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPER
e) VILLA CAVROIS
f) CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE
Art Deco in Theatres

7.

Art Deco in Automobiles & Furniture

38-40

8.

Decline & resurgence

41

9.

Bibliography

42

32-37

ART DECO-MEANING
Movement that engulfed its own unique artistry as
it raced through interwar culture at exhilarating
speed.
It was coined in 1966.
Term derives from 1st syllables of French for
decorative arts(ARTS DECORATIFS).
Unique for its short life span as an exotic influence
on Art Deco is Egyptian styling which emerged with
discovery of Tutankhamuns tomb in 1922 but all
disappeared by late 1920s.

PERIOD
Began in 1920s,flourished internationally
throughout the 1930s,into World War II era.

ART DECO

1.

PLACEBegan
in
PARIS

ART DECO.

CHARACTERTICSRepresents elegance, glamour,

functionality and modernity.
Art Decos linear symmetry was a distinct
departure from the following asymmetrical
organic curves of its predecessor style Art
Nouveau.
It was purely decorative ornamental.
Structure of Art Deco style is based on
mathematical geometric shapes.

Art Deco used machine age & streamline

technology such as electric lighting and
skyscraper.
.
ART DECO
3

Themes of Art Deco were trapezoidal, zigzagged, jumbled shapes eg :FISHER

BUILDING,GURDIAN BUILDING in Detroit,
United States.

GURDIAN BUILDING
FISHER BUILDING

ART DECO

Art Deco is characterized by use of materials

such as Aluminium, Stainless Steel, Bakelite,
Chrome ,and inlaid Wood.
Exotic material such as Sharkskin and Zebra
skin were also evident.
Use of stepped forms and geometric curves,
chevron pattern, ziggural shapes ,sunburst motif
.

SUN BURST MOTIF

CHEVRON PATTERN

ART DECO

Some of these motifs were ubiquitous for eg

:sun burst motif were used in such varied
context as women shoes, radiator grilles and
clock faces.eg: AUDITORIUM OF RADIO
CITY MUSIC HALL

SUN BURST MOTIF

ART DECO

INFLUENCEIt embraced influence from many different

styles of early 20th century, including
NEOCLASSICAL,CONSTRUCTIVISM,CUBIS
M,MODERSINE,FUTURISM
It drew inspiration from ancient Egyptian
&Aztec farms.
Art Deco is said to have represented the
cultural policies of its time with eolecticism
have been one of its defining features.

ART DECO.

FAMOUS BUILDINGS
OF THIS PERIOD-

ART DECO

A) EMPIRE STATE BUILDING

B) CHRYSLER BUILDING
C) ROCKEFELLER CENTRE
D) FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPER
E) VILLA CAVROIS
F) CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE

ART DECO

Empire state building, NY (U.S)

Type- office building
Architect- william f.lamba
Contractors: starret brothers

Design/construction:
It was designed from the top down.
Excavation of site began on 21st jan,1930.
Construction on building started on 17th
march.(st.patricks day)
Project involved 3,400 workers.
Completion time-1year 45days.
Total cost-$40,948,900
ART DECO

10

Architecture:
Height at 102nd floor-381m including 62m high
pinnacle.
Full height-443.09m
Has 85 stories of commercial and office space
representing 200,500sq.m.
Indoor and outdoor observation deck on 86th
floor.
Remaining 16stories represent art deco tower,
capped by 102nd floor observatory.

ART DECO

11

DETAILS OF PINNACLE

ART DECO

12

 A top tower is 62m pinnacle which is covered by broadcast

antennas,with lighting rod at very top.
1st building to have more than 100 floors.
Has 6,500 windows and 73 elevators.
Steps from street level to 102nd floor-1860.

Total floor are of 257,211sqm

Base of building is 8,094sqm
Building houses 1,000 businesses.
It is 2nd largest single office complex in America after the
Pentagon.
Its original 64 elevators are located in central core.
.

ART DECO.

13

 Building has 113km of pipe,760,000m of electrical

wire:29000faucets.
Building is heated by low pressure steam, despite its
height.
Building approximately weighs 340,000tons.

Exterior of building was built using indiana limestone

panels.
The modernistic stainless steel canopies of the
entrances on 33rd and 34th streets lead to two storey high
corridors around the elevator care, crossed by stainless
steel and glass enclosed bridges at the second floor
level.
Lobby is three stories high and features an aluminium
relief of the skyscraper.
ART DECO

14

 North corridor contains eight illuminated panels,

depicting the building as eighth wonder of the world,
alongside traditional seven.

ART DECO

15

PLAN

ART DECO

16

SECTION

ISOMETRIC VIEW
ART DECO

17

CHRYSLER BUILDING ,Manhattan

(New York)
Type: Office building(car manufacturer)
Construction started: 1928
Construction completed:1930
Architect-William van alen

Total height till antenna-319.9m

Roof-282.0m
Top floor-274.0m

ART DECO

18

 Was the worlds tallest building for 11months before it was

surpassed by empire state building.
It was built at an average rate of 4 floors per wt.
Its original design resembled a jewel like glass crow.
It featured a base in which the showroom windows were
tripled in height and topped by 12 stories with glass-wrapped
corners, creating an impression that tower floating in mid-air.
Earlier building was designed to be 246m but it proved to be
too advanced and costly.
In total 400,000 rivets were used.

ART DECO

19

 Approx. 3,826,000 bricks were manually laid .

Building had non-load bearing walls.
38m long pier was secretly constructed inside the frame of
the building.
It was delivered to site in four different sections.
Bottom section of spire was hoisted onto top of buildings
dome and lowered into 66th floor of the building.
Added height of spire allowed Chrysler building to be the
tallest building in the world after Eiffel tower.
1st man made structure to stand taller than 305m.
Worlds tallest steel-supported brick building.
Distinctive ornamentation of building is based on features
that were then being used on Chrysler automobiles.
ART DECO

20

 Corners of 61st floor are graced with eagles ,replicas of

1929 Chrysler hood ornaments.
On 31st floor, corner ornamentation are replicas of 1929
Chrysler radiator caps.
Building is constructed of masonry, with steel frame and
metal cladding.
Building contains 3,862 windows on its faade and 4
banks of 8 elevators designed by Otis.
It was declared a national historic landmark in 1976.

ART DECO

21

Crown ornamentation and usage

It has terraced crown,composed of seven radiating
terraced arches.
Stainless-steel cladding is ribbed and riveted in a
radiating sunburst pattern with many triangular vaulted
windows.
Entire crown is clad with silvery enduro KA-2metal.
71st floor is the height occupied floor of this building
occupied by office space management form.
Above 71st floor,stories of building are designed mostly
for exterior appearance,functioning mainly as landings
for stairway to spire.
Top stories are very narrow with low sloped
ceiling,useful for only holding radio-broadcasting and
other electrical eqipments.
Earlier these stories were used for commercial
broadcast stations.
V-shaped lighting is inserted in steel of building.
Later floodlights were added on most arms directed
back at buiding,which allows top of building to be lit in
many different colours for special occassions.
ART DECO

22

PLAN

ART DECO

23

Rockefeller Centre/ Plaza, New

York, U.S
Architect: Raymond Hood
Construction started: 1930
Construction completed: 1933

It is a complex of 19 commercial buildings

,covering 22 acres between 48th and 51stst
street.
Built by Rockefeller family.
Was declared a National Historic landmark
in 1981.
It was the largest private building project
ever undertaken in modern times.
This center is a combination of 2 building
complexes older and original 14 Art Deco
office building from 1930s.
ART DECO

24

FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPER ,BERLIN,

(GERMANY)
Architect Mies
Construction started -1921

Was on triangular site.

It had wire panels shaped cantilever .
This took the structure with a glass skin ,thus
renouncing the maniposteria song built in , as
was customary in America skyscrapers .

ART DECO

25

The angularity of floor of a building was at

least partly a result of the original form of the
site .

It seems as if the building is divided into slot

game because of its many reflection in bright
vertical surface.
This opacity transparency gave desired
balance.
At bottom of the original design , there are
small drawings of flowers.

ART DECO

26
18

VILLA CAVROIS, CROIX (FRANCE)

Type Mansion
Construction started -1929
Construction finished -1932
Architect Robert Mallet Stevens

It was designed to offer best life style to the

family daily work of house hold staff.

Its style was a total break from that of other

neighboring houses of same era .
ART DECO

27

Around the entry hall which welcomes the

visitors domain of parents is
developing in east wing and that of kids ,in
west wing.
A Choice of material and furniture inside
echoes the hierarchy of spaces .
Simplicity and functionality of furniture
prevail in all parts .
Marble and wood are used .
Each room has a radio loud speaker and
electric clock and bathrobe .
The house dining hall and children dining
hall linked to pare by an external staircase.
ART DECO

28

PLAN
ART DECO

29

CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE/ UNION

TERMINAL, OHIO (U.S)
Type Railway Terminal
Constructed started -1931
Architect Paul Philippe Cret
Rotunda features largest semi dome in
western hemisphere measuring 180ft
wide 106ft high.
Mortar and stone was used .
Construction finished ahead of schedule
ART DECO

30

ART DECO

31

ART DECO IN THEATRES

ART DECO

32

EROS CINEMA ,MUMBAI

Architect: Shorabji Bhedwar
Construction started:1935
Opened in:1938
Marked the beginning of Back Bay
reclamation in early 1938.
Took two and a half years to complete.
Partially faced with red Agra sandstone, this
building is painted cream.
Two wings of this building meet up in central
block.
Foyer is in black and white marble with
touches of gold.
Marble staircases with cromium handrails
lead up to the upper floor.
Murals are in muted colors depicting Indian
architecture.

ART DECO.

33

ART DECO

34

RAJMANDIR,JAIPUR
Architect :W .M. Namjoshi
Opened in:1976

Meringue shaped auditorium.

Capacity of 1200.

ART DECO

35

ART DECO

36

ART DECO

37

ART DECO IN
AUTOMOBILES &
FURNITURE-

ART DECO

38

AUTOMOBILESStreamline moderne style developed which was

influenced by modern aerodynamic designs.
Aerodynamic principles were adopted for Art
Deco applying streamline techniques to cars .

Streamlining influenced American &European

automobile design and changed appearance from
rectangular:horseless carriages into sleek
vehicles with sweeping lines ,symmetry-shapes
which added to speed and efficiency.
Vehicles had Art Deco :speed-lines for chrome
grilles.
These streamlined forms began to be used for
design of mundane and static objects such as
pencil sharpeners ,refrigerators, gas pumps,
furniture, lamps, jewellery ,watches, etc.

ART DECO

39

FURNITURES-

ART DECO

40

DECLINE & RESURGENCEoArt Deco slowly lost patronage in the West

after becoming mass-produced, when it
began to be derided as gaudy& presenting a
false image of luxury.

o This designs style ended by austerities of

World War II.
o Before destruction during World War II
,Manila possessed many Art Deco buildings,
a legacy of American colonial past.
o A resurgence of interest in Art Deco began
during 1960s and then again during 1980s
with increasing interest in graphic design.
ART DECO.

41

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A World Of History Architecture

-Marian Moffett
www.google.com

ART DECO

42

THANK YOU

ART DECO