UMTS Radio Planning

Security Level: confidential
2008-5-11
UMTS Radio
Network Planning
3G network planning introduce
www.huawei.com
Huawei Northwest Africa Region

RNP Solution Manage: William.chen
William.chen@huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com
Huawei Confidential
Agenda
New feature for WCDMA

Handover
Power control
Interference
3G Radio Network Planning workflow

3G Coverage Planning
3G Capacity Planning
The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

Huawei Confidential
Page 2
WCDMA feature-Soft handover

n Soft/Softer handover
nSoft handover: Multi connection
with different NodeB
nSofter handover: Multi connection
with different cell belong to one
NodeB
nSoft/Softer handover can

help us hear the voice from
more far!!
nSoft/Softer handover can
help us improve the
handover successful!

Huawei Confidential
Page 3
WCDMA feature-Power Control

n Power control
Tx Power
Frequency is very high: 1500Hz
I can hear
very clearly,
Down Tx
power
lNear Point
I can not hear
clearly, Up Tx
power
Less Tx Power, Save Power
Less Interference
Distance from NodeB

lFar Point
nSmooth

Huawei Confidential
Rx Level, Improve QoS
Page 4
WCDMA feature-Interference
n Interference
n What is Interference for WCDMA?
n Where does Interference come?
All the Cell in same carry use same

frequency
Carry1
Carry2
Carry3
frequency
Same as GSM, interference comes
from frequency
n
n
Central of Cell
Most come from

own Cell, less
from neighbor cell
edge of Cell
Most come from

neighbor Cell, less
from own cell
How far I can hear you depend on both your voice strength and other people noise
Huawei Confidential
Page 5
WCDMA feature-Service
n Service
Radio Bearers
n AMR Voice
n Video Call
All Service are
carried by different
Radio Bearers
n PS R99
n PS HSPA
n MBMS
n .
UMTS Radio Network Planning focus on the all kinds of bear service, how far and how many.
Based on the experience of GSM, combined with knowledge of WCDMA feature, everyone can
be an WCDMA RNP expert.

Huawei Confidential
Page 6
Agenda


Huawei Confidential
Page 7
UMTS Network Planning Workflow

Preparation
The output of
dimension is
important criteria to
assess RNP solution
Discussed by
Mobilis and
Huawei
n Coverage area (Dense urban, Urban, Suburban )

n QoS criteria (Consecutive Service, BLER)
n Capacity requirement (Subscriber, traffic model)
n Link budget parameters (Penetration loss,
Propagation model)
n Link budget
n Capacity dimension
n Iub and CE dimension
n Network development solution
n Site selection
n Propagation model tuning
n Site survey/candidate site search
n 2G information
Network Deployment
Nominal
Planning
Huawei
deliver
Mobilis and Huawei

do the planning jointly
n Neighbor cell configuration

n LAC/RAC planning
n Cell parameters configuration
n Algorithm configuration

Dimension
Planning
Huawei Confidential
Detailed
Planning
Page 8
Different emphasis for planning phases

100
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
4050
3040
2030
0
0
3
3
6
6
9
9
12
12
15
15
18
18
21
21
24
24
27
27
30
30
33
33
36
36
39
39
42
42
45
45
48
48
1020
010
Number of Sites
Number of Sites
Mature Phase
n Capacity is emphasis;
n Capacity expansion solution is important
n High spectrum efficiency
Development phase
Long term development

and expansion solution!!
n This phase focus on balance
of coverage and capacity;

n Hotspot and dense urban
absorb capacity;
n Coverage extension to rural
and highway;
n Provide abstract service, new
feature such as HSPA, MBMS
are important.
Optimization and new

feature deployment!!

2G Resources
Initial phase
n Initial phase focus on the coverage;
n Hotspot and Dense urban are first target;
n Reuse 2G resource, save investment;
n Provide 3G feature service;
Experience and Deep

communication!!
Huawei Confidential
Page 9
Agenda


Huawei Confidential
Page 10
Coverage Dimension
Aim of coverage dimensioning
n to obtain the cell radius
n to estimate NodeB number for coverage
Dimension
Start
Input
parameters
Link budget
Propagation
model
Max Pathloss
Coverage
area
Cell Radius
NodeB Number

Huawei Confidential
Page 11
Step1:continue coverage service

Determine the continue coverage service
PS 384K
PS 128K
VP 64K
AMR 12.2K
n Initial coverage focus

on 3G feature service
such AMR and VP;
n UL 64k PS service
combine with HSPA can
meet high throughput
requirement.
Huawei Suggests
n
n
PS128K or CS64K is the consecutive coverage service in the Urban

and Dense Urban
PS 64K or AMR 12.2K is the consecutive coverage service in the
Suburban or Rural Area

Huawei Confidential
Page 12
Step2:Configure link budget parameters

It is suggested that Mobilis fix the environment parameters, and
vendor provides the equipment parameters.
Equipment
parameters
Reference value
Tx Power
Reference value
UL:21dBm/DL AMR:30dBm
Environment
parameters
Antenna Gain
NodeB:18dBi, UE:0dBi
Consecutive service
VP for Dense Urban
Body Loss
3dB(AMR),0dB(other)
Cell load
UL:50%,DL 75% for R99
Noise figure
UL:7dB
Penetration Loss
18dB for Dense Urban
Fast Fading Margin
UL:1.1dB for Dense Urban
Coverage Probability
95% for Dense Urban
Slow Fading Margin
3.8dB for Dense Urban
Coverage channel model
TU3 for Dense Urban

Huawei Confidential
Page 13
Link Budget Parameters: equipment

n Some equipment parameters are recommended by 3GPP, it is usually fixed in
link budget.
n BLER (Block Error Rate)
Power offset
AMR(DL)
30~32dBm
Video call(DL)
34~36dBm
5%
PS64K(DL)
31~33dBm
10%
PS384(DL)
35~39dBm
Mobile phone (UL)
21dBm
Data card (UL)
24dBm
BLER
AMR
1%
Video call
0.5%
PS64K/PS384
HSDPA
BLER
3dB for AMR;

0dB for Video
call and PS
service
27dBm 30dBm 33dBm

0.1%
n Max Service Tx Power

Continued service
Continued service
Tx Power
n Body Loss
1%
10%
BLER and service Tx Power is result by

balancing the coverage and capacity.

Huawei Confidential
Page 14
Link Budget Parameters: equipment

n Some parameters are depended on vendor equipment, it is not fixed in link budget.
n Cable loss
NodeB
Type
Macro-NodeB
BBU+RRU
Antenna
high
Cable
select
Cable loss
<50m
7/8
6.29dB/100m@2100MHz
>50m
5/4
4.56dB/100m@2100MHz
0dB
There is no cable loss for BBU+UUR, UL

coverage increase by ~30%
n Noise Figure
NF of terminal is 5~7dB, it is refer to User Equipment
NF of NodeB is different between venders. Huawei 3800
series NodeB had low NF of 1.6, other vendor is 2.3~3.5.

Huawei Confidential
The low NF can increase

UL coverage by 5%~20%.
Page 15
Environment parameters: fading margin

Path Loss fading due to propagation distance
n Long Term (Slow) fading
caused by shadowing
n Short Term (Fast) fading
caused by multipath propagation
There should be margin
to compensate the fading
Slow Fading Margin depends on:

n Area Coverage Probability
--- The higher coverage
probability is, the more SFM
required
n Standard Deviation
--- The higher standard deviation
is, the more SFM required
Clutter
Coverage
Probability
Standard
Deviation
Slow fading
margin
Dense urban
95%
11.7
8.1
Urban
95%
9.4
Suburban
90%
7.2
Rural
90%
6.2
0.8
Highway
90%
6.2
0.8
Huawei Confidential
Page 16
Environment parameters: SHO Gain

Soft handover gain SHO gain consists of three parts:
n SHO Gain against slow fading
n SHO reduces slow fading compared to the single cell case
n SHO gain against slow fading can improve the coverage probability
n SHO Gain against fast fading
n Macro Diversity Combining Gain

n MDC gain reduces the Eb/No requirement
n MDC leads to a gain for reception sensitivity
n MDC gain exists for both uplink and downlink

The fast fading margin and slow

fading margin in Huaweis link
budget has been considered
the SHO gain.
Huawei Confidential
Page 17
Environment parameters: interference

margin
n UL interference margin is Noise Rise in NodeB
NoiseRise = 10 Log 10 (1 UL )
NoiseRise(dB)
Interference Curve
[dB ]
50% UL Load 3dB

60% UL Load 4dB
75% UL Load 6dB
UL Load
n How to calculated DL interference margin?

Tx Power
70% DL load =
Max Tx Power
Pathloss
Pa t
h lo
ss_
Which
is same
bigger?
Samepathloss
UL load,
interference
Pathloss_AMR margin
_AMR
Same DL load, different DL

interference margin
Which received noise is bigger?
PS
AMR
PS384K

Same Tx Power, but small

High throughput,
pathloss,
so PS384K high
noise rise
isinterference
bigger than AMR
margin!
Huawei Confidential
Page 18
Processing Gain
-- Related to bearer data rate
P G = 1 0 lo g ( 3 8 4 0 / R ( k b p s ))
AMR12.2k
PS64k
PS384k
Processing Gain
25 (dB)
18 (dB)
10 (dB)
Power density (W/Hz)
Step3:Reception Sensitivity
R
W
Signal after spreading
Frequency (Hz)
N t :thermal noise (-108dBm/3.84MHz)

N f :Noise figure of NodeB(1.6dB for NodeB, 7dB for UE)
Eb / No :Bit energy divided by noise spectral density

Re ceptionSensitivity = N t + N f + Eb / N 0 PG

Signal after despreading
Huawei Confidential
Page 19
Step4: Maximum Allowable Pathloss

nSlow fading margin
Maximum Allowable Pathloss

=UE Transmit Power
+ Antenna Gain
+ SHO Gain
Slow Fading Margin
Fast Fading Margin
Interference Margin
Body Loss
Cable Loss
Penetration Loss
nSHO Gain
nFast fading margin

nInterference margin
nNodeB Antenna Gain
nBody Loss
nCable Loss
nUE Antenna Gain

nUE Transmit Power
nPenetration Loss
Antenna Gain
Pa
t
nMaximum
allowable pathloss
Lo
ss
Penetration loss
Notes
nNo TMA Application
nSFM&FFM not include SHO
Cable Loss

NodeB
Sensitivity
Huawei Confidential
nNodeB reception sensitivity
Page 20
MPL is input of Link budget

The output of link budget is MPL rather than cell radius!
Propagation model
Link budget
Max Pathloss
Cell Radius
It is usually to compare the MPL to access the coverage performance. And cell
radius can be a reference when given a consolidated propagation model.

Huawei Confidential
Page 21
Agenda
UMTS Network Introduce


Huawei Confidential
Page 22
Capacity Dimensioning Flow

Coverage
dimension result
Total subscriber
Dimensioning Start
Traffic model
Assumed Subscribers
Load per Connection
CS Average Cell Load
CS Peak Cell Load

(MDE)
PS Average Cell Load
Total Cell Load
No
=Target Cell Load?
Yes
Dimensioning End

Huawei Confidential
Page 23
Multidimensional ErlangB
Huawei use Multidimensional ErlangB(MDE) for CS Capacity dimension
ErlangB - Partitioning Resources
Traditional/other vender dimension method

Two big case, one small case, how
many car can carry them all?
Low Utilization of resources
Multidimensional ErlangB - Resources shared
Multidimensional ErlangB
More Accuracy
Especial for 3G
High Utilization of resources

Huawei Confidential
Page 24
CE/Iub Dimensioning
Multidimensional ErlangB is
used in CE/Iub dimension
Represent the subscriber
MultdimensionalErlangB Model
AM
R1
2 .2
k
......
Represent the NodeB
If we know how many cases one car can carry,

how can get the CE/Iub?
Bearers
Iub(Kbps)
CS
CE
resources
64
n Signaling and CCH not required CE
CE (UL)
CE (DL)
AMR12.2k
n CE are pooled per NodeB for all cells
CS64k
n Low CE resource required for higher
PS64k
data rate
PS128k
n advance algorithm improve the utilize
PS384k
10
efficiency of Iub transmission

Huawei Confidential
Page 25
Dimensioning Input is Important

The balance of coverage dimension and capacity dimension
Input requirement
dimension start
Capacity
Coverage
dimension
dimension
Coverage Performance
Site Number
CE/IuB
PS384K VP AMR

Huawei Confidential
Page 26
Hong Kong PCCW Project
RNP & RNO in worlds most challenging radio propagation environment

n
Complex terrain: Hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north
n Built-up dense business district: 630 buildings/km2, 250K people per km2, average
building height 45m
n
Difficult to build DAS in most high buildings
n High population density: 25,0000 people/km2 in dense urban

Huawei Confidential
Page 27
RNP and RNO Timeline

Huawei Confidential
Page 28
Examples of Coverage Solutions for PCCW

Rooftop Antenna
l
Large down-tilt
for coverage and
interference
control
Make full use of

the obstruction
of surrounding
buildings
Cell Splitting
Medium Height Antenna

l
4th floor antennas

to cover the shops
along the main
street
Multi-sector coverage planning based on

splitting cell solution
Low Height Antenna

l
In dense city areas,

coverage need to be
multi-dimensional
Up-tilt technique is
widely used in Hong
Kong

Huawei Confidential
Page 29
Agenda
UMTS Network Introduce


Huawei Confidential
Page 30
Questions and Answer

What are the new feature for WCDMA?
Soft/softer handover, power control, interference ,service
What is out put for Link budget?

Maximum allowed Pathloss
What parameters should be fixed by operator?

Environment parameters is fixed by operator, equipments
parameters is provided by vendors
What algorithm is used in capacity dimension?

Multidimensional ErlangB, it can improve the resource utilization
efficiency

Huawei Confidential
Page 31
Security Level: confidential
2008-5-11
Thank You
www.huawei.com
www.huawei.com
Huawei Confidential

UMTS Radio Planning

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UMTS Radio Planning

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Security Level: confidential

Huawei Northwest Africa Region

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

New feature for WCDMA

3G Radio Network Planning workflow

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WCDMA feature-Soft handover

nSoft/Softer handover can

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WCDMA feature-Power Control

Frequency is very high: 1500Hz

Less Tx Power, Save Power

Distance from NodeB

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Rx Level, Improve QoS

n Where does Interference come?

All the Cell in same carry use same

Most come from

Most come from

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

New feature for WCDMA

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

UMTS Network Planning Workflow

n Coverage area (Dense urban, Urban, Suburban )

Mobilis and Huawei

n Neighbor cell configuration

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Different emphasis for planning phases

Long term development

n This phase focus on balance

of coverage and capacity;

Optimization and new

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Experience and Deep

New feature for WCDMA

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Step1:continue coverage service

n Initial coverage focus

PS128K or CS64K is the consecutive coverage service in the Urban

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Step2:Configure link budget parameters

VP for Dense Urban

UL:50%,DL 75% for R99

18dB for Dense Urban

Fast Fading Margin

UL:1.1dB for Dense Urban

95% for Dense Urban

Slow Fading Margin

3.8dB for Dense Urban

Coverage channel model

TU3 for Dense Urban

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Link Budget Parameters: equipment

Mobile phone (UL)

Data card (UL)

3dB for AMR;

27dBm 30dBm 33dBm

n Max Service Tx Power

BLER and service Tx Power is result by

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Link Budget Parameters: equipment

There is no cable loss for BBU+UUR, UL

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.