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Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases that a problem in many countries
including Indonesia. According to the American Diabetes Association (2004) the number of people
with diabetes in Indonesia ranked 4th largest (8.4 million people) in the world. In North Sumatra
province in 2008, prevalence of DM 1.21%. DM is known as "the great imitator" because it can
affect all organs of the body and cause complications slowly.
Studies using case-series design and sample size was as same as 186 equal to the number
ofpopoulasi data
The results showed the proportion of diabetic patients with complications of the highest in
the age group 51-60 years (41.4%), female (58.6%), Malay (45.2%) Islam (75.3%), graduated
primary school (40.9%), housewives work (43.5%), type 2 (96.2%), type of complications of
hypertension (34.9%), chronic complications (88.2%), treatment OHO (66.1%), average length of
stay (ALOS) 5.61 days (6 days), not cost alone (74.7%), outpatient home (91.4%). Statistical test
results, there was no significant difference in age by sex (p = 0.720), ALOS by category of
complications (p = 0.994) and there was significant difference in the ALOS based on funding
source (p = 0.009). It couldnt be performed statistical tests age bycategory of complications,
categoryof complicationsby sex, category of complications based medical treatment, and category
of complications based on the circumstances when home
To the hospital should undergo HbA1c levels to monitor patient compliance in treatment, it
is also expected pay attention to the efficiency of ALOS so that patients can be dealt with quickly
and appropriately. The DM patients with complications to perform HbA1c checks, perform the
recommended diet, regular exercise and taking medication on a regular basis so that blood sugar
levels can be controlled to prevent more serious complications.
Keywords: Characteristics, Diabetes Mellitus with Complication
Pendahuluan
Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) sudah
menjadi penyebab kematian yang lebih umum
bila dibandingkan dengan penyakit akibat
infeksi di negara sedang berkembang. Oleh
karena itu, negara yang sedang berkembang
dihadapkan pada dua beban kesehatan, yaitu
beban terhadap penyakit infeksi yang besar
dan juga meningkatnya beban penyakit tidak
menular. Indonesia adalah salah satu negara
sedang
berkembang
dimana
proporsi
kematian akibat penyakit menular dalam 12
tahun telah mengalami penurunan dari 44%
menjadi 28% dan proporsi kematian akibat
2.
3.
Sosiodemografi
Umur (tahun)
40
41-50
51-60
61-70
71
Total
Jenis Kelamin
Laki-laki
Perempuan
Total
Suku
8
40
77
46
15
186
4,3
21,5
41,4
24,7
8,1
100,0
77
109
186
41,4
58,6
100,0
Melayu
Batak
Jawa
Minang
Tionghoa
Nias
Total
4.
5.
6.
Agama
Islam
Kristen Protestan
Buddha
Kristen Katolik
Total
Pendidikan
Tidak Sekolah/Tidak tamat
SD
SD/Sederajat
SMP/Sederajat
SMA/Sederajat
Akademi/Perguruan Tinggi
Total
Pekerjaan
PNS/BUMN
Pensiunan
Pegawai Swasta
Wiraswasta
Ibu Rumah Tangga
Petani
Tidak Bekerja
Total
84
57
37
4
3
1
186
45,2
30,6
19,9
2,2
1,6
0,5
100,0
140
42
3
1
186
75,3
22,6
1,6
0,6
100,0
12
6,5
76
25
58
15
186
40,8
13,4
31,2
8,1
100,0
27
8
5
37
81
13
15
186
14,5
4,3
2,7
19,9
43,5
7,0
8,1
100,0
f
7
179
%
3,8
96,2
Total
186
100,0
f
65
47
33
18
15
11
11
10
9
9
8
1
%
34,9
25,3
17,7
9,7
8,1
5,9
5,9
5,4
4,8
4,8
4,3
0,5
8
164
14
4,3
88,2
7,5
186
100,0
f
123
5
58
%
66,1
2,7
31,2
Total
186
100,0
f
55
82
2
47
186
%
29,6
44,0
1,1
25,3
100,0
f
170
15
1
%
91,4
8,1
0,5
Total
186
100,0
Umur (tahun)
40
> 40
f
%
f
%
4 5,2 73 94,8
4 3,7 105 96,3
Total
f
77
109
%
100,0
100,0
Umur (tahun)
40
> 40
f
%
f
%
0
0
8
100,0
Total
f
8
%
100,0
3,7
158
96,3
164
100,0
14,3
12
85,7
14
100,0
Jenis Kelamin
LakiPerempuan
laki
f
%
f
%
3 37,5
5
62,5
Total
f
8
%
100,0
66
40,2
98
59,8
164
100,0
57,1
42,9
14
100,0
Kategori Komplikasi
Kompli
Komplik Komplikas
kasi
asi Akut
i Kronik
Akut +
Kronik
f
%
f
%
f
%
3
2,5
111 90,2 9 7,3
1 20,0
2
40,0 2 40,0
f
123
5
%
100,0
100,0
58
100,0
6,9
51
87,9
5,2
Total
Kategori Komplikasi
Komplik
Komp
Komplikasi
asi Akut
likasi
Kronik
+
Akut
Kronik
f %
f
%
f
%
7 4,1 149
87,6
14 8,3
1 6,7
14
93,3
0
0
0 0
1
100,0
0
0
Total
f
170
15
1
%
100,0
100,0
100,0
47
139
4,06
6,13
4,748
4,634