For students who missed/are going to miss the instruction about Shadow

Zones
Study notes (attached)
Read Page 322 in your textbook (Shadow Zones) and study the attached diagram.

Shadow Zone Overview (study diagram as you read over the following
notes)
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When an earthquake occurs, seismic waves move out in all directions

Surface waves move out from the epicenter along the surface
Body waves (P and S waves) move through the body of the earth
P waves move in curved paths out from the epicenter
When P waves hit the outer core (liquid), they slow down and bend (change
direction a little bit). They do this anytime they move through a new type of
material (solid to liquid or liquid to solid). So this means they change speed and
direction when they move from the mantle to the outer core, from the outer
core to the inner core.and so on.
6. The bending of P waves causes two P wave Shadow Zones to form on the earth.
These are labeled on the diagram. These are areas where NO P WAVES can be
detected by seismographs. Notice there is an area between the 2 shadow
zones where there ARE P waves! This is because they are able to travel all the
way through all of earths layers. Remember P waves can travel through solids,
liquids, and gases.
7. When S waves start moving through the earth, they start off in the same way,
moving in curved paths away from the epicenter. However, when S waves get
to the outer core, they are deflected off because S waves cannot travel through
a liquid. This causes a HUGE S wave Shadow Zone to stretch from one side of
the earth, through the P wave shadow zones..to the other side of the earth.
This shadow zone is also labeled on the diagram.
8. By studying how P and S waves move through the earth, and also
understanding what parts of the earth they DONT move through, scientists
have concluded that the earth has a liquid outer core.