In this project, we are required to

PRODUCT 1: TESSELLATION

prepare a tool kit consisting of

attractive and creative tessellation
using ICT. To complete this task,
we are using Geometers Sketch
Pad (GSP). The figure 1 and

figure 2 shows the product of the

C
G

tessellation.

E
F

Actually, at first we found that it is

so hard to produces an interesting
tessellation. We have tried a lot of
Figure 1: Tessellation by using

shapes and
lastly, we decided to
TRANSLATION
choose this shapes since it is goes
well with the definition of the
tessellation

itself.

Tessellation

means that the arrangement of a

C
H

G
F

certain shape or several shapes,

on a surface, to form a pattern,

without

overlapping

or

without

leaving any gaps in between them.

To do this tessellation, we are not

only used one transformation like
translation, but we also use a
Figure 2: Tessellation by using

combination

TRANSLATION & ROTATION

such as translation and rotation.

This

of

combination

transformation
make

the

tessellation is more complicated.

At the first sight, we may see that
figure 1 and 2 look alike. However,
they are totally different.

To

make

this

project

more

challenging, we also combine two

shapes to be tessellated. When
we combine triangle with the
C

G
B

previous shape which is look like

z shape, we get the product of T

shape.

F
A

So, by using this new shape, we

Figure 3: Tessellation of
combination of two shapes by
using TRANSLATION

have

use

one

transformation,

translation and also a combination

of two transformations which are
translation and rotation. We repeat
the same steps as the previous
one and we get the product like in
figure 3 and figure 4.

D
G

The tool kit that we have created

F
A

is very useful for those who want

to learn how to make a tessellation
using GSP. We have hardly tried
to make sure that the tool kit is
very clear and guide them step by

Figure 4: Tessellation of combination

of two shapes by using
TRANSLATION & ROTATION

step so that everyone can produce

an interesting tessellation and can
change the perception of some
people

that

may

tessellation is difficult.

think

that

PRODUCT 2: PLATONIC SOLIDS

DODECAHEDRON
OCTAHEDRON

ICOSAHEDRON
CUBE

TETRAHEDRON

Figure 5: Platonic Solids

Other than tessellation, we are also required to build 5 Platonian solids. To build
these solids, firstly we do some surfing in the internet to find the net for the Platonic
solids. After that, we start to cut, fold, and glue to construct these solids. Among these
solids, there are some solids that are easy to construct like cube, tetrahedron and
octahedron. But then, there are also some that are quite complicated to build such as
icosahedrons and dodecahedron. We have put so much effort to make the solids and
when we finally produce interesting products, we feel so satisfied.
As a future mathematics teacher, this task teaches and trains our mind to be
more creative. When we construct the five platonic solids, we found that it helps our
finger to be gentler. Later, when we are in the school, this skill is needed to prepare the
teaching learning aids for the pupils. Pupils will be more interest when we show them

models during the teaching and learning process. Apart from constructing the Platonic
solids, we must know about the criteria of these solids. Here, there are some of the
characteristics of the Platonic solids;
1. There are 5 platonic solids
2. Using a regular convex polygons
3. Convex regular polyhedron
4. Can produce Kepler-Poinsot solids
5. Have dual
6. Has only one type of polygonal side
7. Can be written in Schlafli symbols
There are precisely five Platonic solids; Tetrahedron, Cube, Octahedron, Dodecahedron
and Icosahedron.
TETRAHEDRON

A tetrahedron is a polyhedron composed of four triangular faces, three of which meet

at each vertex.

The tetrahedron is the only convex polyhedron that has four faces.

The tetrahedron is also one kind of pyramid, which is a polyhedron with a flat
polygon base and triangular faces connecting the base to a common point. A
tetrahedron is also known as a triangular pyramid.

Like all convex polyhedron, a tetrahedron can be folded from a single sheet of paper.

Tetrahedron has two nets.

If the original tetrahedron has edge length 1, its dual tetrahedron will also have edge
length 1.

CUBE

A cube is a three-dimensional solid object surrounded by six square faces or sides,

with three meeting at each vertex.

The cube can also be called a regular hexahedron.

The cube is dual to the octahedron and it has cubical symmetry. A cube is the threedimensional case of the more general concept of a hypercube.

Cube has 11 nets.

ICOSAHEDRON

An icosahedron is a polyhedron having 20 faces which has equilateral triangles as

faces.

The regular icosahedron is a convex regular polyhedron composed of twenty

triangular faces, with five meeting at each of the twelve vertices. It has 30 edges and
12 vertices. Its dual polyhedron is the dodecahedron.

OCTAHEDRON

An octahedron is a polyhedron with eight faces.

A regular octahedron composed of eight equilateral triangles, four of which meet at

each vertex.

It is a 3-dimensional cross polytope.

DODECAHEDRON

In geometry, a dodecahedron composed of twelve regular pentagonal faces, with

three meeting at each vertex. It has twenty vertices and thirty edges.

Dodecahedron dual polyhedron is the icosahedron.

If one were to make every one of the Platonic solids with edges of the same length,
the dodecahedron would be the largest.

Differences between Platonic Solids;

SOLID

TETRAHEDRON

CUBE

OCTAHEDRON

DODECAHEDRON

ICOSAHEDRON

Faces

Equilateral
triangle

Square

Equilateral
triangle

Pentagon

Equilateral
triangle

Schlafli
symbol
(p,q)

{3,3}

{4,3}

{3,4}

{5,3}

{3,5}

12

20

20

12

12

12

30

30

Tetrahedron

Octahedro
n

Cube

Icosahedron

Dodecahedron

No. of
Faces
(F)
No. of
vertices
(V)
No. of
edges
(E)
Dual

PRODUCT 3: ARCHIMEDEAN SOLIDS

TRUNCATED
ICOSIDODECAHEDRON
Net

Faces
30 squares
20
62 hexagons
12
decagons

Net

Faces
20 triangles
30 squares
62
12
pentagons

Edges Vertices

120

Edges Vertices

180

Schlfli
symbol

RHOMBICOSIDODECAHED
RON
120

Schlfli
symbol

60

There are 13 Archimedean solids in Mathematics. But, for this task, we are
required to construct only two of it. We have chosen to build Rhombicosidodecahedron
and Truncated Icosidodecahedron. Just like Platonic solids, to construct Archimedean
solids, we also do some surfing in the internet to find the net for Archimedean solids.
After that, we start to cut, fold, and glue to construct these solids. We found that to
construct Archimedean solids are more complicated compare to construct Platonic
solids. Even thought we encounter with a lot of difficulties, we have never give up and
tried our best to produces two interesting Archimedean solids. Lastly, we get to
complete the solids as we plan it to be.

There are also some features of Archimedean solids;

1. There are 13 Archimedean solids
2. Using two or more regular convex polygons
3. Convex semi-regular polyhedron
4. Cannot produce Kepler-Poinsot solids
5. No dual
6. Has regular polygonal sides of two or more types that meet in a uniform
pattern around each corner.
7. Can be written in Schlafli symbols.

It is really important to do this task. It is because the solids are one of the topics
in learning mathematics in the school. When we understand it, then only we can be a
good mathematics teacher since we will be teaching primary school. So, we must expert
in the basic concept so that we can explain to the pupils about it later on.

PRODUCT 4: POP-UP STORY BOOK

THE FROG
PRINCE

The fourth task is we are required make a pop-up story book. Pop-up story book
is a book that contains one or more pages such that a three-dimensional structure rises
up when a page is opened. Our group has decided to choose a fairytale story which is
The Frog Prince. In this pop-up story book, we have use a lot of pop-up techniques.
For example, we use basic paper folding techniques like hill fold, valley fold, parallel fold
and angled fold.

In the progress to complete the pop-up story book, we have encounter with such
a lot of difficulties starting from choosing the fairytale story until we combine all the work
to become a story book. To be frank, it is really challenge ourselves. However, we never
give up and tried our best to make sure we produce an excellent product for our
assignment and also for the exhibition. We want to proves that we can do the best and
we as the first batch for Mathematics students in this college, we want to give a good
example to the other Mathematics groups for the next batch.
In order to finish up doing this book, we are using a lot of materials like drawing
block, water colour, card board, and many more. We are not just apply Mathematics skill
in this task, but also art skill since we draw the background for this book on our own. For
the picture that we pop up it, we just take the picture from a story book. We use this
technique because we want to make it more interesting.
At last, we found that by doing this assignment, it not only can build our skill in
Geometry, but also in everything. It boast up our creative thinking and critical thinking
since it is not easy to think how to pop-up the picture. We feel so happy because finally
we can produce a pop-up story book just like one that are in the market.