Worksheet4.

4
Moreonbondingandstructure
1 Use ideasaboutbonding toexplainthefollowing statements.
a WatercanberepresentedasHOHbutitsbondangleis104.5.
b TheH3O+ ionispyramidalinshape.
c Borontrifluorideistrigonalplanarinshape.
d Iceislessdensethanliquidwater.
e Carbondioxideislinearinshapeeventhoughithasfourpairsofelectronsaround
thecentralatom.
f CH3BrhasahigherboilingpointthanCH3Cl.
g NH3 canformbondswithBF3 eventhoughtheyarebothmoleculesintheirownright.
h Ammoniaispyramidalinshapebuttheammoniumionistetrahedral.
i Theammoniumionisformedbyformingabondbetweentheammoniamolecule
andaproton.
j Metalsconductelectricityandgenerallyhavehighmeltingandboiling points.
2 Putthesubstancesineachofthefollowinglistsinorderofincreasingboilingpoint.
Ineachcase,explainyouranswer.
a ammonia,arsine(AsH3),methane

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c

aluminium,magnesium,sodium

CambridgeInternationalASandALevelChemistry

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OriginalmaterialCambridgeUniversityPress2011