01 - Superconducting Fault Current Limiters - Latest Developments at Nexans SuperConductors (Noe For Bock)

Tenth EPRI Superconductivity Conference
October 11-13, 2011
Superconducting Fault Current Limiters

Latest developments at Nexans SuperConductors
Mathias Noe
Karlsruher Institut fr Technologie
&
Joachim Bock, Achim Hobl, Judith Schramm
Nexans SuperConductors GmbH
EPRI 2011
Nexans SuperConductors
Outline
Introduction
SFCL systems
Function
Operation behaviour
Commercial Projects
ASL I 12-100
ASL II 12-400
Vattenfall 12-800
Development Projects
ENSYSTROB
ECCOFLOW
Latest Project: AmpaCity
Conclusions
EPRI 2011
Chemiepark Knapsack
in Hrth
Chemiepark Knapsack
10 km South-west of Kln
EPRI 2011
in new premises 2010
Office building and
assembly hall
bldg. 2728
Assembly of Fault Current Limiter systems
Building height allowing crane hook of 7 m
Optimisation of the production
EPRI 2011
Materials and conductor types

for industrial HTS applications
YBa2Cu3O7-x
buffer
buffer
2
1
substrate
Bi-2212/ Bi-2223 tape

1st generation
Y-123 cc-tape
2nd generation
Systems
realized
Y-123 bulk
Bi-2212 bulk
EPRI 2011
Production of HTS-bulk
BSCCO-2212
Melt Cast Processing
Highly efficient and
very flexible process
Melting
Metal oxides
Mixing
Casting
EPRI 2011
Annealing
Operating behaviour
of the FCL
normal operation
short-circuit
recovery
w/o FCL
ultrafast
reacts in 1-2 milliseconds
current
automatic
max
no external trigger necessary,

self-recovering
wear-free
td
ta
tr
time
service only for cooling

system
Superconductor Fault Current Limiters are intrinsically safe!
EPRI 2011
FCL systems
Commercial Projects
12-100 (ASL 1)
first commercial system
Field tested for ~8 months
12-800 (Vattenfall)
first system in a power station
Field tested Nov. 2009- Dec. 2010
XX-YYY
XX: Voltage [kV]
YYY: Current [A]
12-400 (ASL 2)
second system for UK (bifilar)
Presently under installation
EPRI 2011
ASL I 12-100
Realisation
first FCL-System realised by NSC

first commercial system worldwide
EPRI 2011
ASL I 12-100
Field test
ASL, Newcastle
ENW, Bamber Bridge
Live on grid
10-2009 to 06-2010
EPRI 2011
ASL II 12-400
Testing
Customer has ordered second system!

Test at IPH
EPRI 2011
ASL II 12-400
Installation site
Ainsworth Lane
(Scottish Power)
In UK around 270 substations (MV up to 33 kV)

are at or above max. rating
EPRI 2011
Vattenfall 12-800
Brown Coal Power Plant
Block Q in Boxberg
EPRI 2011
Power to the consumer
EPRI 2011
Power to the consumer

Auxiliary Power
EPRI 2011
Auxiliary Power
Not limited short circuit currents
EPRI 2011
Auxiliary Power
Investment
Current [A]
63.000
800
rating
fault
High Short Circuit Currents

high mechanical and thermal forces
No fuses on the MV power distribution level
equipment and grid must be short-circuit proof
high investment for equipment oversizing
EPRI 2011
Location
in Boxberg power plant
EPRI 2011
First FCL worldwide

in a power plant
Installation
10/ 2009
Commissioning
02.11.2009
End of field-test
12/ 2010
second field-test
starts IV/ 2011
Significant savings for extension and new construction

Improved safety for personnel and equipment
EPRI 2011
From metal oxide powder

to HTS-components
Melt Cast Process
Nexans proprietary process
Fault Current Limiter

Components
BSCCO-2212
tubes
BiSrCaCuO
powder
EPRI 2011
Basic design
of the FCL
Connection for adaptation
Current in parallel
Voltage in series
component
module
set-up
of a phase
accomodation
in a cryostat
Fault Current Limiter connected in series with the grid

Current and voltage adjustable by modular construction
EPRI 2011
Realisation
of the FCL
Nexans is mastering
the full chain.
EPRI 2011
High voltage and high current

testing of complete FCL-system
Testing scheme
75 kV lighting impulse
28 kV withstand voltage (1 min)
Testing scheme
63 kA (peak) maximum
3-phase full loads (4 shots)
EPRI 2011
New developments:
FCL systems based on cc-tape
12-600 (ENSYSTROB)
first MV system with cc-tape
This project has received funding
from German government under grant 03KP102A
EPRI 2011
New developments:
ENSYSTROB
Specification
ENSYSTROB
voltage
12 kV
normal operating current 800 Arms
inrush current (50 ms)
4100 Ap
High current
inrush(15
currents
inrush
s)
1800 Arms
Small window
current
prospective
currentfor limited
60 kA
first peak limitation
< 30 kAp
limitation time
120 ms
limitation after 100ms
6.6 - 7 kA
EPRI 2011
New developments:
ENSYSTROB - component
U = 433 Vrms
I = 850 Arms
P = 360 kW
I
2 twins in, 2 twins out
sc-length: 8 x 4.30
Central contact
EPRI 2011
New developments:
ENSYSTROB characterisation (1)
inrush currents
1367 Ap / 50 ms
600 Arms / 15 s
EPRI 2011
New developments:
ENSYSTROB characterisation (2)
short circuits
partial load
I prosp = 2 kAp
Erms = 0.05 V/ m
full load
I prosp = 32 kAp
Erms = 50 V/ m
EPRI 2011
New developments:
ENSYSTROB system integration
3 x 32 =96
components
EPRI 2011
New developments:
ENSYSTROB Testing at IPH Berlin
3-Phase short circuit, Iprosp= 63 kA

EPRI 2011
New developments:
ENSYSTROB Next steps
First system based on cc-tapes was engineered and

built in time
SFCL device was successfully tested at the certified

high power test lab in Berlin in September 2011
SFCL has been installed at the Boxberg power plant
SFCL will go life to the grid in October 2011
EPRI 2011
EU-project: ECCOFLOW
cc-tape based FCL 24-1000
15 partners involved
5 utilities
coordinated by
Stockholm
Nexans and 13 European partners have reached a
Siegen
Kosice
Barcelona
Mailand
EPRI 2011
First multipurpose system

for two sites
and
applications
Nexans
SuperConductors
New developments:
ECCOFLOW
ECCOFLOW is:
A project to prepare
commercialisation of SFCL
The 3-phase resistive limiter with
the highest voltage today
Including 15 project partners
5 of which are utilities
The first SFCL foreseen for two
different applications
EPRI 2011
New developments:
Project 24-1000 ECCOFLOW
Palma de Mallorca
1st site for installation
transformer
feeder
FCL
High voltage
Medium
voltage
FCL
busbar coupler
EPRI 2011
San Juan de Dios

New developments:
2nd site for installation
Koice (VSE)
High voltage
transformer
feeder
FCL
VSE grid
Koice, Slovakia
Medium
voltage
FCL
busbar coupler
EPRI 2011
New developments:
Endesa
VSE
Eccoflow
Nominal voltage
16.5 kV
24 kV
24 kV
Nominal current
1000 A
1005 A
1005 A
AC withstand voltage
50 kV
50 kV
50 kV
Lightning impulse
125 kV
125 kV
125 kV
Max. prospective current (peak)
22 kA
26 kA
26 kA
Max. limited current (peak)
10.8 kA
17 kA
10.8 kA
Fault duration
1s
120 ms
1s
HTS limitation time
80 ms
80 ms
80 ms
Recovery time
< 30 s
< 30 s
< 30 s
EPRI 2011
New developments:
limitation
time > 120 ms
Air Core
System
Reactor
Module of
FCL
FCL inside
components
cryostat
with
parallel impedance
FCLbreaker
and circuit
Circuit
Breaker
Black Box
inrush currents
> 1.2 kA
EPRI 2011
New developments:
Component Design
3 x 2 x 2 conductors, about 8 m each
1 kArms / 800 Vrms
no parallel connection of components
needed
excellent use of volume
low voltage for the single component
small AC losses due to multifilar
geometry
short single pieces of superconducting
tape with mutual protection.
EPRI 2011
New developments:
Module Design
Stack of 12 components in
series
Liquid / gaseous nitrogen
insulating against cryostat
wall
EPRI 2011
New developments:
Cryostat Design
3 nitrogen vessels
One common
vacuum vessel
Boiling nitrogen at
77 K
About 100 W
thermal losses
G-M cryocooler
Compact design
Design close to
series production
EPRI 2011
New developments:
Cryostat Design
3 nitrogen vessels
One common vacuum vessel
Loss contribution
Loss at 0.1 Ic
Loss at 0.5 Ic
Loss at 1 Ic
Max. superconductor AC loss
<1W
~ 10 W
150 W
Max. current lead loss
180 W
~ 220 W
270 W
Cryostat loss
120 W
120 W
120 W
1W
15 W
60 W
Max. total loss at 77 K
~ 300 W
~ 365 W
600 W
Max. electric power at RT
~ 6990 W
8504 W
13980 W
Max. additional loss
EPRI 2011
Latest Project
AmpaCity
110-kV-substation
110-kV-substation
(suburban area)
(suburban area)
40 MVA
Conventional
110-kV-Cable
10-kV-HTS cable
40 MVA
10-kV-substation
10-kV-substation
(city center)
(city center)
Supply of city center by MV HTS cable

EPRI 2011
AmpaCity
Feasibility Study
Kick-off Oct. 2011

Study showed project is
technically feasible
economically reasonable
EPRI 2011
AmpaCity
in the City of Essen
Herkules
Dellbrgge
position of joints
EPRI 2011
AmpaCity
HTS cable with stand alone FCL
EPRI 2011
Conclusions
Full chain mastered from production of HTS material to
final FCL system (for bulk)
First commercial FCL systems realized

(w/o any public funding)
Successful grid operations also with the first HTS
system in a power station worldwide
Market entry with bulk already achieved
New development projects started
first system realised based on cc-tape
multipurpose device
new solutions for urban areas
EPRI 2011
First FCL worldwide

in a power plant
Thank you
for listening!
EPRI 2011

01 - Superconducting Fault Current Limiters - Latest Developments at Nexans SuperConductors (Noe For Bock)

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01 - Superconducting Fault Current Limiters - Latest Developments at Nexans SuperConductors (Noe For Bock)

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Copyright:

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Tenth EPRI Superconductivity Conference

October 11-13, 2011

Superconducting Fault Current Limiters

Latest Project: AmpaCity

Materials and conductor types

Bi-2212/ Bi-2223 tape

no external trigger necessary,

service only for cooling

Superconductor Fault Current Limiters are intrinsically safe!

first FCL-System realised by NSC

Customer has ordered second system!

In UK around 270 substations (MV up to 33 kV)

Power to the consumer

Power to the consumer

Not limited short circuit currents

High Short Circuit Currents

First FCL worldwide

Significant savings for extension and new construction

From metal oxide powder

Fault Current Limiter

Fault Current Limiter connected in series with the grid

High voltage and high current

3-Phase short circuit, Iprosp= 63 kA

First system based on cc-tapes was engineered and

SFCL device was successfully tested at the certified

SFCL has been installed at the Boxberg power plant

SFCL will go life to the grid in October 2011

Nexans and 13 European partners have reached a

First multipurpose system

1st site for installation

San Juan de Dios

Max. prospective current (peak)

Max. limited current (peak)

HTS limitation time

Max. superconductor AC loss

Max. current lead loss

Max. total loss at 77 K

Max. electric power at RT

Max. additional loss

Supply of city center by MV HTS cable

Kick-off Oct. 2011

First commercial FCL systems realized

First FCL worldwide

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