Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Institute of Pharmacy

Sub: Pharmaceutical Engg. (PT 597)

Experiment No.:

Date:

Objective: Measurement of velocity of fluids through the pipes and determination of Reynolds
number
Requirements:
Tubes of Pipes
Measuring cylinder (1000 ml)
Vernier calipers
Theory:
The flow of fluids (liquids and gases) through pipes can be viscous (streamlined) or
turbulent depending upon the diameter of the pipe, velocity of fluid, density of fluid and viscocity
of fluid. By knowing Reynold's Number we can determine the type of fluid flow.
Reynold's Number (Re) can be calculated as

Re = Du/
where,

D - Diameter of Pipe (m)

u Velocity of Fluid (m/s)
Density of fluid (for water 103 kg/m3)
Viscosity of fluid (for water 0.01 poise or kg/m.s)

Reynold's Number is a dimentionless group and for straight circular pipes the value is less than
2100 for viscous flow. With its value above 4000, the flow will always be turbulent and between
2100 and 4000 a trtansition region is found where flow can be any of the two.
Procedure:
1. Connect the Reynold's experiment tube with water tap and open the vilve.
2. Measure the Height of water at both end of tube to get pressure difference
3. Collect water flowing out in the measuring cylinder and measure the time to fill 1000 ml.
4. Measure the inner diameter of the tube using Vernier calipers.
5. Change the flow rate by opening or closing the water tap and take above measurements five
times in three different flow rates (slow, medium and fast flow)
Measurements:
Diameter of tube (D):

Radius of the tube (r):

Table for Slow Flow Rate

Sl no.
Left side Water
Height (mm)

Right side Water

Height (mm)

Cross Section Area of tube (r2):

Height Difference Time taken to fill

1000 ml (sec)

Average:

Table for Medium Flow Rate

Sl no.
Left side Water
Height (mm)

Right side Water

Height (mm)

Height Difference Time taken to fill

1000 ml (sec)

Average:
Table for Fast Flow Rate
Sl no.
Left side Water
Height (mm)

Right side Water

Height (mm)

Height Difference Time taken to fill

1000 ml (sec)

Average:
Calculations:
Flow rate (ml/sec) :

Velocity (cm/sec) :

Conclusion:

Questions:

1000 (ml)
Time taken to fill 1000 ml (sec)

Flow rate (ml/sec)

Cross Section Area of tube (cm2)